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PL7 JUNIOR/PRO Operate modes manual (Operate modes manual eng V4.0) - page 6

Programming in Grafcet language

Entering a

A macro-step must be:

Macro-Step

l defined in order to be inserted in a Grafcet module (chart or macro-step),

l created (using the application browser) in order to be entered in a Grafcet module

(chart + macro-step),

l completed (number of the corresponding macro-step) in order to be validated.

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Using the mouse:

Click on the graphical object situated in the graphical palette.

Using the keyboard:

Position the cursor on the grid at the required place (using the arrow keys).

2

Using the mouse:

Click on the grid at the required place.

Using the keyboard:

Press the function key corresponding to the Macro-step object (Shift +F2)

3

Using the mouse or the keyboard:

Enter a macro-step number, then confirm with ENTER.

4

Using the keyboard:

Confirm the chart using the ENTER key, or using the command Edit/Confirm.

Note:

When a chart is confirmed, the display changes:

l the graphical objects change from red to black,

l the page border becomes gray.

Carrying out an

An AND divergence starts with a transition and goes to a step.

AND divergence

205

Programming in Grafcet language

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Using the mouse:

Click on the graphical object situated in the graphical palette (F11).

Using the keyboard:

Put the cursor on the start transition or on the pre-existing divergence segment

[A] (in the case of multiple divergence) using the arrows.

2

Using the mouse:

Click on the start transition or on the pre-existing divergence segment [A] (in

the case of a multiple divergence).

Using the keyboard:

Press (F11).

3

Using the mouse:

Draw the link by clicking on the break points of the line [B] (change of direction)

in the transition lines.

Using the keyboard:

Draw the link using the arrow keys.

4

Using the mouse:

Double click on the last break point or click again on the graphical object situ-

ated in the graphical palette (F11).

Using the keyboard:

Press F11 again on the last break point. If the destination cell is empty, a step

is automatically created.

5

Using the mouse or the keyboard:

Modify the step number if applicable, then confirm using ENTER.

Note:

An AND divergence is always represented from left to right, the segment represent-

ed by a double line cannot be cut by another link.

206

Programming in Grafcet language

Carrying out an

An AND convergence starts with a step and goes to a transition.

AND

convergence

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Using the mouse:

Click on the graphical object situated in the graphical palette (F10).

Using the keyboard:

Put the cursor on the start step using the arrow keys.

2

Using the mouse:

Click on the start step [A].

Using the keyboard:

Press (F10).

3

Using the mouse:

Draw the link by clicking on the break points of the line [B] (change of direction)

in the transition lines.

Using the keyboard:

Draw the link using the arrow keys.

4

Using the mouse:

If the destination cell is empty, double click on the last break point or click again

on the graphical object situated in the graphical palette to create the transition.

Using the keyboard:

If the destination cell is empty, press (F10) again on the last break point to cre-

ate the transition.

Notes:

The segment represented by a double line cannot be cut by another link.

An AND convergence can only be entered from right to left.

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Programming in Grafcet language

Carrying out a

A step -> transition link starts with a step and goes to a transition.

Step ->

Transition link

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Using the mouse:

Click on the graphical object situated in the graphical palette (F8).

Using the keyboard:

Put the cursor on the start step or on the pre-existing step -> transition link seg-

ment [A] (in the case of multiple link) using the arrows.

2

Using the mouse:

Click on the start step or on the pre-existing step -> transition link segment [A]

(in the case of a multiple link).

Using the keyboard:

Press (F8).

3

Using the mouse:

Draw the link by clicking on the break points of the line [B] (change of direction)

in the transition lines.

Using the keyboard:

Draw the line using the arrow keys.

4

Using the mouse:

If the cell is empty, double click on the break point or click again on the graph-

ical object situated in the graphical palette to create the transition.

Using the keyboard:

If the destination cell is empty, press (F8) again on the last break point to create

the transition.

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Programming in Grafcet language

Carrying out a

A transition -> step link starts with a transition and goes to a step.

Transition ->

Step link.

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Using the mouse:

Click on the graphical object situated in the graphical palette (F9).

Using the keyboard:

Put the cursor on the start transition or the source connector using the arrow

keys.

2

Using the mouse:

Click on the start transition or the source connector [A]

Using the keyboard:

Press (F9).

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Programming in Grafcet language

Carrying out a

Two types of loop iteration are available to complete a chart:

loop iteration

Using directed links:

Step

Action

1

Using the mouse:

Click on the graphical object situated in the graphical palette (F9).

Using the keyboard:

Put the cursor on the start transition [A] using the arrow keys.

2

Using the mouse:

Click on the end of chart transition [A].

Using the keyboard:

Press (F9).

3

Using the mouse:

Draw the link by clicking on the break points of the line [B] (change of direction)

in the transition lines.

Using the keyboard:

Draw the link using the arrow keys as far as the step or the destination connec-

tor.

4

Using the mouse:

Double click on the step to be linked or click again on the graphical object sit-

uated in the graphical palette to validate the object.

211

Programming in Grafcet language

Using connectors:

Step

Action

1

Using the mouse:

Click on the graphical object situated in the graphical palette (F5 or F7)

Using the keyboard:

Place the cursor in the required place.

2

Using the mouse:

Click on the grid at the required place.

Using the keyboard:

Select the required graphical object by pressing (F5 or F7).

3

Using the mouse:

Complete the source or destination step number, then confirm using ENTER.

Using the keyboard:

Complete the source or destination step number, then confirm using ENTER

Example of loop iteration using connectors:

212

Programming in Grafcet language

Programming

Carry out the following actions:

actions

Step

Action

1

Using the mouse:

Select the step with a right click.

Using the keyboard:

Put the cursor on the step using the arrow keys, then confirm the selection by

using the command (Shift+F10).

2

Using the mouse:

Select the type of action associated with the step (activation action, continuous

action or deactivation action).

Using the keyboard:

Use the arrow keys to select the type of action associated to the step that is to

be modified, then confirm with ENTER.

3

Using the mouse:

Select the type of language:

l ladder language LD,

l instruction list language IL,

l structured text language ST,

and confirm withOK

Using the keyboard:

Select the type of language using the arrow keys:

l ladder language LD,

l instruction list language IL,

l structured text language ST

and confirm with OK.

4

Complete the programming.

213

Programming in Grafcet language

Modifying a

The procedure for modifying a macro-step or a macro-step number is the same as

Macro-Step

the procedure for modifying a step or a step number.

A macro-step can be accessed by selecting the macro-step in the application brows-

er or by selecting the macro-step object in the Grafcet page.

Modifying an

Carry out the following actions:

action:

Step

Action

1

Put the cursor on the required Grafcet page (See Structure of a Grafcet page,

p. 197)

2

Using the mouse:

Select the action to be modified by right clicking on the associated step.

Using the keyboard:

Using the arrow keys, put the cursor on the associated step then confirm the

selection by using the Service/Open command.

3

Using the mouse:

Select the type of action associated to the step that is to be modified.

Using the keyboard:

Use the arrow keys to select the type of action associated to the step that is to

be modified, then confirm with ENTER.

4

Make the modification.

Modifying a

Carry out the following actions:

transition

Step

Action

condition

1

Put the cursor on the required Grafcet page (See Structure of a Grafcet page,

p. 197).

2

Using the mouse:

Select the transition condition to be modified by right clicking on the associated

step.

Using the keyboard:

Using the arrow keys, put the cursor on the associated step then confirm the

selection by using the Service/Open command.

3

Using the mouse:

Select Open.

Using the keyboard:

Make the modification.

4

Using the mouse:

Make the modification.

217

Programming in Grafcet language

Replacing a variable in the application

At a Glance

Finding and replacing an application variable in the form of an address or a symbol

(excluding variables used in runtime screens). Replacement in the application may

be total or partial, automatic or manual.

Replacement concerns the variable indicated and its dependent objects (word ex-

tract bits etc.).

Exception: for Grafcet step bits the associated activity times (e.g. %Xi.T) are not re-

placed.

Replacement is carried out at the following levels:

l Application (in all tasks).

l Tasks (MAST, FAST, Evti).

l Complete section.

l Partial section (from address i to address j).

l Replacement is also carried out at functional module level (complete functional

module, sub-modules included).

Procedure

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Select the commandTools/Replace variables or position the cursor over the

Station directory and select Replace variables from the contextual menu.

2

Indicate the variable to be replaced (as an address or a symbol) in the Find

zone and confirm with ENTER or TAB.

3

Indicate the replacement variable (as an address or a symbol) in the Replace

field and confirm with ENTER.

4

Select the view:

l Structure view

l Function view

5

Select one or more modules:

l if replacing throughout application, go to point 8,

l if replacing in some of the modules, deselect all, select the modules, and go

to point 6,

l if replacing in one of the modules, deselect all and select the module, and

go to point 6.

219

Programming in Grafcet language

Cross Referencing a variable in an application

Introduction

This function allows you to locate in the application:

l variables in the form of labels or symbols (except those used in operating

screens),

l DFB types (only on TSX Premium with Pl7 Junior and Pro),

l DFB instances (only on TSX Premium with Pl7 Junior and Pro),

l and to open modules/tasks/DFB types.

Principals of

The user realizes that the variable X is not the right value. To identify the cause he

using debugging

must therefore:

l find the places where this variable is used,

l obtain a list of statements, rungs and expressions,

l to display and verify the activation conditions of the variable.

Note:

In order to record the path of this search, the list elements thus visited are marked

with an asterisk (*).

Operational

A variable can be a read variable (R), a write variable (W) or a read/write variable

mode for objects

(R/W).

- "R" groups together the read operational modes, indexed read, indexed word, in-

put or input/output parameter of a indexed or non-indexed function.

- "W" groups together the write operational modes, indexed write, output or input/

output parameter of indexed or non-indexed function and execution of Block Func-

tions (SFB and DFB).

Search source

Table of variables:

variables

Bit

%Ixi; %QXi; %Mi; %Si

Word

% MWi; %MDi; %MFi; %KBi; %KWi; %KDi; KFi; %MBi; %SWi; %QWi; %QDi;

%IWi; %IDi; %NWi

Instruc-

SRi; HALT

tion

Other retrievable variables:

Byte variables

Word extract bits

Bit table

Grafcet bit table

Character string

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Programming in Grafcet language

Table of words and constants

Table of double words and constants

Constant character string

Standard Block Function

Standard Block Function element

Step status

Step activity time

Manet variables

Search options

For an indexed variable, the variable and the index are taken into account in the list.

Table of options:

Extract Bit

This option is for variables of types %MW, %KW, %IW, %NW,

%QW. It adds to the list the variable and the referenced bits.

Table Object

This option is for bit tables, word tables and immediate indexed vari-

ables. It adds to the list the immediate indexed table variables

whose first element is the input variable.

Channel Object

This option is for channel objects. It adds to the list all the objects of

the same referenced channel, including the tables and the extract

bits.

Network Objects

This option is for the network variables. It allows you to obtain all the

variables from the same remote module (nanet object).

FB Object

This option allows you to expand the list of SFB block function ele-

ments and the DFB type elements.

FB Instance

Only on TSX Premium with PL7 Junior and Pro.

This option is for DFB types. It allows you to obtain from the name

of a DFB type the sections using its instances.

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Programming in Grafcet language

Printing of a program

Procedure

Carry out the following steps:

Step

Action

1

Open the module with right click + Open or a double click.

2

Select the command File/Print (Ctrl+P) or click on

the icon

3

Select a print range:

l if, the whole module, then go to step 6.

l if for part of a module, go to step 4.

4

Select %Li/TOP/BOTTOM (if LD, ST, IL) or start page (if G7).

If more precision is required, use the up and down arrow keys.

5

Select %Li/TOP/BOTTOM (if LD, ST, IL) or endpage (if G7).

If more precision is required, use the up and down arrow keys.

6

Confirm with OK or ENTER.

Notes

The print type depends on the type of display selected in the View menu.

l Addresses: prints variables with addresses,

l Symbols: prints variables with symbols,

l Symbols&Addresses: prints variables with symbols/addresses.

225

Editing variables

10

Introduction

What’s in this

This chapter describes how to use the variables editor.

chapter

What’s in this

This Chapter contains the following Maps:

Chapter?

Topic

Page

Accessing the variables editor

228

Input/Modification/Suppression of symbols and comments

229

Objects associated with a variable

231

Presymbolization

232

Sorting variables by symbols or addresses

234

Displaying variables in the editor

235

Cutting/Copying/Pasting variables in a variables editor

237

Entering/Modifying constants

238

Parametrizing predefined function blocks (FB)

239

Printing variables

243

Exporting/Importing variables

244

227

Editing variables

Input/Modification/Suppression of symbols and comments

Introduction

The variables editor allows the input/modification/display/suppression of all the

variables with their parameters and attributes.

Input/Modifica-

Carry out the following:

tion procedure

Step

Action

1

Open the application browser.

2

Double left click on the Variables directory or select this and then press the

right arrow.

3

Select the variable type:

l MEMORY OBJECTS,

l SYSTEM OBJECTS,

l CONSTANTS,

l GRAFCET OBJECTS,

l PRE-DEFINED FB,

l I/O,

l DFB INSTANCES (only on Premium TSX with Junior and Pro PL7)

4

Select the variable format:

l EBOOL (bit): example %M1,

l BYTE (octet): example %MB25,

l WORD (16 bit word): example %MW0,

l DWORD (32 bit word): example %MD2,

l REAL (real 32 bit word): example %MF14,

l CHART: example: %X0,

l Macro module: example %XM0 (only Premium TSX with Junior and Pro

PL7,

l FB: example %TM0,

l DFB type: example: Day_counter (only Premium TSX with Junior and Pro

PL7).

With inputs/outputs select the module position:

l I/O: 0...710,

l FIP: \adrUC.channel no. Point of connection no.\ module no.

5

Select the variable to be informed and make the entry:

l either directly into the symbol and comments field,

l or in an entry field (accessed by clicking on the entry field option).

6

Enter the symbol and press ENTER.

7

Enter the comment and press ENTER.

229

Editing variables

Objects associated with a variable

Procedure

In the variables editor, if the variable is preceded by the symbol "+", in order to know

which objects are associated with the variable you must:

Step

Action

1

In the variables editor select the type of variables you require.

2

Select the command View/Variables sorted by address if the display is in

symbols.

3

Select the variable.

4

Select the command Edit/Expand or double click on the "+", the list of all the

objects (bits, words..) associated with the variable is displayed.

5

To close the list of objects associated with the variable, select the command

Edit/Contract or double click on the "-" associated with the variable.

231

Editing variables

Presymbolization

Introduction

Presymbolization allows automatic association of constructive suffixes for a chan-

nel level (%Chxy.i) module language object with prefixes defined by the user.

The prefix defined by the user is the generic symbol given to the %Chxy.i channel

(12 characters maximum).

The constructive suffix is the part of the symbol which corresponds to the bit object

or %Chxy.i channel word (20 characters maximum).

The presymbolization function automatically generates a constructive comment.

This succinctly reminds you of the role of the object.

Setting up

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Open the variables editor (See Accessing the variables editor, p. 228). In the I/

O variable type.

2

Double left click on the "T" associated with the channel object that is to be

symbolized or position yourself on the channel object and select the Edit/ Pr-

esymbolize command.

3

Three illustrations can be displayed:

l The channel object is not symbolized.

l Enter the prefix.

l The channel object is already symbolized (symbol of less than 12

characters).

l If necessary modify the prefix.

l The channel object is already symbolized (symbol of more than 12

characters).

A dialogue box shows:

l the actual channel symbol.

l the prefix used (limited to 12 characters).

If necessary modify the prefix.

232

Editing variables

Displaying variables in the editor

Displaying

The variables used in the application (sections, subroutines, sequential tasks) are

variables used in

viewed in bold characters in the variables editor.

the application

For this, input the Options\Variables editor\Usage in the application command

before opening the variables editor.

Example:

Variables

parameters

MEMORY

DWORD

%MD0

Address

Type

Symbol

%MD0

DWORD

Presel_trem1_a

%MD1

DWORD

%MD2

DWORD

Presel_trem2_c

%MD3

DWORD

%MD4

DWORD

Presel_trem1_b

%MD5

DWORD

%MD6

DWORD

Presel_melang

%MD7

DWORD

%MD8

DWORD

Litres_tremie1

%MD9

DWORD

%MD10

DWORD

Litres_tremie2

%MD11

DWORD

%MD12

DWORD

Litres_melangeur

%MD13

DWORD

Display of

Overlapping is possible on the following variables:

variables with

l %MB,

overlapping

l %MW,

l %MD,

l %MF,

l %KB,

l %KW,

l %KD,

l %MF.

Example:

If %MW1 is used in the application, the overlapping is effective for:

l %MD1,

l %MF1,

l %MB2,

l %MB3.

235

Editing variables

The overlapping is represented by displaying the variables in red characters and it

is managed providing that:

l the variables are used in the application program (Sections, subroutines, events),

l the Options\Variables editor\Overlapping command has been selected before

opening the variables editor.

Example:

Variables

parameters

MEMORY

DWORD

%MD0

Variable

Type

Symbol

%MD0

DWORD

Presel_trem1_a

%MD1

DWORD

%MD2

DWORD

Presel_trem2_c

%MD3

DWORD

%MD4

DWORD

Presel_trem1_b

%MD5

DWORD

%MD6

DWORD

Presel_melang

%MD7

DWORD

%MD8

DWORD

Litres_tremie1

%MD9

DWORD

%MD10

DWORD

Litres_tremie2

%MD11

DWORD

%MD12

DWORD

Litres_melangeur

Simultaneous display of the variables used in the application with overlapping is

possible by selecting the commands:

l Options\Variables editor\Overlapping,

l Options\Variables editor\Usage in the application.

Example:

Variables

parameters

MEMORY

DWORD

%MD0

Variable

Type

Symbol

%MD0

DWORD

Presel_trem1_a

%MD1

DWORD

%MD2

DWORD

Presel_trem2_c

%MD3

DWORD

%MD4

DWORD

Presel_trem1_b

%MD5

DWORD

%MD6

DWORD

Presel_melang

%MD7

DWORD

%MD8

DWORD

Litres_tremie1

%MD9

DWORD

%MD10

DWORD

Litres_tremie2

%MD11

DWORD

%MD12

DWORD

Litres_melangeur

236

Editing variables

Cutting/Copying/Pasting variables in a variables editor

Introduction

PL7 gives the option of Cutting or Pasting a selection of variables, within the vari-

ables editor.

How to Copy/

Carry out the following steps:

Paste a block of

Step

Action

variables in a

variables editor.

1

Select a block of variables by clicking and dragging from the first variable of the

block through the whole block, keeping the Shiftkey held down, in the far left

hand column of the variables editor.

2

Right click on the selection (contextual menu) and select Copy.

3

Place the cursor on the first variable in the block where the copied variables

are to be pasted.

4

Right click (contextual menu) and select Paste.

Result: the following window appears.

Paste

Please modify all symbols before confirming

Address

Symbol

Comment

%M56

Trig_sect_remp

Validation condition

%M57

Trig_sect_vidan_mix_a

Validation condition

OK

Cancel

All the variables duplicated in this way should be renamed before you Paste

them.

How to Cut/Paste

Carry out the following steps:

a block of

Step

Action

variables in a

1

Select a block of variables by clicking and dragging from the first variable of the

variables editor

block through the whole block, keeping the SHIFTkey held down, in the far left

hand column of the variables editor.

2

Right click (contextual menu) on the selection and select Cut.

3

Place the cursor on the first variable in the block where you want to paste the

copied variables.

4

Right click (contextual menu) and select Paste.

237

Editing variables

Entering/Modifying constants

Introduction

The variables editor is used to enter/modify/display all the variables with their pa-

rameters and attributes.

Procedure

Carry out the following operations:

Step

Action

1

Open the application browser.

2

Double left click on the Variables repertoire or select this with the arrows and

then press the right arrow.

3

Select the "CONSTANTS" variable type.

4

Select the variable format:

l BYTE (octet): example %KB26,

l WORD (16 bit constant): example %KW0,

l DWORD (32 bit constant): example %KD2,

l REAL (real 32 bit word): example %KF14.

5

Select the variable to be informed: example: %KW0.

6

Enter the symbol and press ENTER.

7

Enter the comment and press ENTER.

8

Select the Parameters option.

9

Select the entry/display base (optional):

10

Enter the value and press ENTER.

The syntax of the value automatically updates the associated base (e.g.: if

16#AA is entered -> the base goes to hexadecimal).

In the case of %KB messages:

l enter the chain of characters in quotes then press ENTER (e.g.: "Number

of parts"),

l To modify a message, select the %KB byte with the base ’Begin Mess.’.

11

Deselect the parameter option to close the parameter entry window.

238

Editing variables

Parametrizing predefined function blocks (FB)

Introduction

The predefined function blocks are:

l %TMi timer FB,

l %Ti Series 7 timer FB,

l %MNi Monostable FB.

l %Ci Counter/down counter FB,

l %Ri Register FB,

l %DRi Drum FB.

The %Ti, %MNi and %DRi FBs must be declared in advance in software configu-

ration.

The editor is used to enter/modify/display all the variables with their parameters

and attributes.

Procedure

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Open the application browser.

2

Double left click on the Variables repertoire or select this with the arrows and

then press the right arrow.

3

Select the type: PRE-DEFINED FB .

4

Select the type of FB to be parametrized:

l Parametrizing %TMi (See Parametrizing %TMi, p. 240),

l Parametrizing %Ti (See Parametrizing the %Ti, p. 240),

l Parametrizing %MNi (See Parametrizing the %MNi, p. 240),

l Parametrizing %Ci (See Parametrizing the %Ci, p. 241),

l Parametrizing %Ri (See Parametrizing the %Ri, p. 241),

l Parametrizing %DRi (See Parametrizing the %DRi, p. 241),

239

Editing variables

Cop/Paste the

This function is used to Copy/Paste the parameters of one function block into one

pre-defined

or more other function blocks of the same family to avoid tiresome entering.

function block

parameters

Carry out the following actions:

Step:

Actions:

1

From the variables editor select the PRE-DEFINED FB type.

2

Select the desired FB family.

3

Select the FB to be copied by clicking to the left of the name (the line goes to

reverse video).

4

Select the Edit\Copy SFB parameters command or, using the contextual

menu Copy SFB parameters.

5

Select the target FB(s) by:

l clicking to the left of the name (for one FB),

l clicking to the left of the name + pressing the Shift key, and move the mouse

up or down (for several FBs).

6

Select the Edit\Paste SFB parameters command or, using the contextual

menu Paste SFB parameters.

Note:

The Paste function can only be done with consecutive objects.

242

Editing variables

Printing variables

Introduction

This heading is use to print the list(s) of variables with their parameters.

Procedure

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

In the variables editor select the type of variables you require.

2

Select the ascending order of printing with the command View → Variables

sorted by address or View → Variables sorted by symbols.

3

Configure printing using the command File → Configuring printing.

4

Select the command File → Print.

4

Select:

l "All" to print all the variables configured in the application with the various

parameters.

l "Current type" to print the variables of the selected type.

5

Confirm printing with OK.

243

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