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PL7 JUNIOR/PRO Operate modes manual (Operate modes manual eng V4.0) - page 5

Programming instruction list in language

Cross Referencing a variable in an application

Introduction

This function allows you to locate in the application:

l variables in the form of labels or symbols (except those used in operating

screens),

l DFB types (only on TSX Premium with Pl7 Junior and Pro),

l DFB instances (only on TSX Premium with Pl7 Junior and Pro),

l and to open modules/tasks/DFB types.

Principals of

The user realizes that the variable X is not the right value. To identify the cause he

using debugging

must therefore:

l find the places where this variable is used,

l obtain a list of statements, rungs and expressions,

l to display and verify the activation conditions of the variable.

Note:

In order to record the path of this search, the list elements thus visited are marked

with an asterisk (*).

Operational

A variable can be a read variable (R), a write variable (W) or a read/write variable

mode for objects

(R/W).

- "R" groups together the read operational modes, indexed read, indexed word, in-

put or input/output parameter of a indexed or non-indexed function.

- "W" groups together the write operational modes, indexed write, output or input/

output parameter of indexed or non-indexed function and execution of Block Func-

tions (SFB and DFB).

Search source

Table of variables:

variables

Bit

%Ixi; %QXi; %Mi; %Si

Word

% MWi; %MDi; %MFi; %KBi; %KWi; %KDi; KFi; %MBi; %SWi; %QWi; %QDi;

%IWi; %IDi; %NWi

Instruc-

SRi; HALT

tion

Other retrievable variables:

Byte variables

Word extract bits

Bit table

Grafcet bit table

Character string

166

Programming instruction list in language

Table of words and constants

Table of double words and constants

Constant character string

Standard Block Function

Standard Block Function element

Step status

Step activity time

Manet variables

Search options

For an indexed variable, the variable and the index are taken into account in the list.

Table of options:

Extract Bit

This option is for variables of types %MW, %KW, %IW, %NW,

%QW. It adds to the list the variable and the referenced bits.

Table Object

This option is for bit tables, word tables and immediate indexed vari-

ables. It adds to the list the immediate indexed table variables

whose first element is the input variable.

Channel Object

This option is for channel objects. It adds to the list all the objects of

the same referenced channel, including the tables and the extract

bits.

Network Objects

This option is for the network variables. It allows you to obtain all the

variables from the same remote module (nanet object).

FB Object

This option allows you to expand the list of SFB block function ele-

ments and the DFB type elements.

FB Instance

Only on TSX Premium with PL7 Junior and Pro.

This option is for DFB types. It allows you to obtain from the name

of a DFB type the sections using its instances.

167

Programming instruction list in language

Printing of a program

Procedure

Carry out the following steps:

Step

Action

1

Open the module with right click + Open or a double click.

2

Select the command File/Print (Ctrl+P) or click on the icon

3

Select a print range:

l if for the entire module, go to step 6.

l if for part of a module, go to step 4.

4

Select %Li/TOP/BOTTOM (if LD, ST, IL) or start page (if G7).

If more precision is required, use the up and down arrow keys.

5

Select %Li/TOP/BOTTOM (if LD, ST, IL) or endpage (if G7).

If more precision is required, use the up and down arrow keys.

6

Confirm with OK or ENTER.

Notes

The print type depends on the type of display selected in the View menu.

l Addresses: prints variables with addresses,

l Symbols: prints variables with symbols,

l Symbols&Addresses: prints variables with symbols/addresses.

170

Programming in Structured Text

ST language

8

Introduction

Subject of this

This chapter reminds you of the structure of a program in Structured Text language.

chapter

It describes:

l How to create a program.

l How to use the different functions offered by the editor.

l How to manage the different modules making up the application.

What’s in this

This Chapter contains the following Maps:

Chapter?

Topic

Page

Structure of a program in Structured Text language.

174

Creating a program in Structured Text (ST)

175

Modifying a Structured Text program

176

Displaying variables as symbols or addresses

179

Information box

180

Online symbolization

181

Input of a predefined function block (ST editor)

182

Assisted entry of a library function (ST editor)

183

Direct access to a subroutine

185

Replacing a variable in the application

186

Cross Referencing a variable in an application

188

Animation of Structured text program elements

191

Printing of a program

192

Export/Import of source files

193

173

Programming in Structured Text language

Creating a program in Structured Text (ST)

Introduction

Structured Text can be used on PLCs TSX Premium (V>=V1.0) and on the TSX Mi-

cro (V>=V1.5).

Structured Text is supported by software products PL7 Junior and PL7 Pro.

Procedure

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Creating or importing an LD, IL, ST section, p. 105

2

1. Enter the first statement. As input begins, the statement is displayed in red.

2. Accept each line with ENTER.

3. Use the TAB key to indent the code.

4 .Online symbolization, p. 159

3

Confirm the input of the statement with the command Edit/Confirm

(CTRL+W)/(SHIFT+ENTER) or via the icon

Rules

They are:

l When confirming the statement, superfluous spaces are ignored.

l If an error is detected at confirmation, the cursor is positioned over the first error

detected, the error message is displayed at the bottom of the window.

l In the editor, a statement is displayed in redwhile being entered.

l A selected statement is surrounded by a green frame.

l The current statement is surrounded by a black frame.

175

Programming in Structured Text language

Modifying a Structured Text program

Accessing a

The program module being displayed, select the command Edit/Go to (Ctrl+A) or

statement or

instruction

the icon

The possible choices are as follows:

Select in the label field…

position…

TOP

at the beginning of the program module.

BOTTOM

at the end of the program module.

%Li

at the corresponding label number.

The Move zone allows a movement relative to TOP/BOTTOM/%Li.

The command Edit/ Go to current modification allows you to position the cursor

on the statement which is currently being modified.

Selecting one or

The possible choices are as follows:

several

Select…

by…

or…

statements

one statement

positioning the cursor

by clicking in this area, the latter is framed

over the statement

in green.

and selecting the

menuEdit/Select

statement

!

( * INIT * )

%L1:

IF Mode-Auto_manu

THEN

SR2;

END_IF;

several statements

move the mouse over

by using the keys (SHIFT+Arrow).

the different state-

ments while keeping

the left button down

a part of a state-

by moving the cursor

ment

over the text to be se-

lected while keeping

the left mouse button

down (SHIFT+Ar-

row).

176

Programming in Structured Text language

Modifying one

Carry out the following actions:

statement

Step

Action

1

Position the cursor over the point to be modified.

2

Carry out the modification

3

Confirm the modification with the keys CTRL + W or SHIFT+ ENTER or the

icon

The deletion possibilities are as follows:

Delete…

by…

then by…

one statement

selecting the statement to

pressing the key Delete.

delete

a part of a statement

selecting the part of the

pressing the key Delete.

statement to delete

a piece of text and place it on

selecting the text to be cut

selecting the command Edit/

the clipboard

Cut (CTRL+X).

Inserting a state-

Carry out the following actions:

ment before the

Step

Action

current

statement

1

Position the cursor on the statement before which the insertion must be carried

out.

2

Select the command Edit/Insert statement or (Ctrl+I).

Cut/Copy/Paste a

Carry out the following operations:

part of a program

To…

you must…

the text…

module

Copy a part of a statement

select the text to be copied

is placed on the Windows

and select the command

clipboard.

Edit/Copy (Ctrl+C)

Paste the contents of the

select the start point from

is kept on the Windows clip-

clipboard into a document

which the text must be past-

board.

ed and select the command

Edit/Paste (CTRL+V)

Cut a piece of text and place

select the text to be cut and

is placed on the Windows

it on the clipboard

select the command Edit/

clipboard.

Cut (CTRL+X)

Note:

177

Programming in Structured Text language

Displaying variables as symbols or addresses

Procedure

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Open the program module by right mouse click + Open or double mouse

click.

2

Select the command:

l View/Addresses to display the variables as addresses.

l View/Symbols to display the variables as symbols.

l View/Symbols&Addresses to display the variables as symbols/addresses

(only Ladder editor).

Note:

It is possible to run the language editor from the Options menu in:

l addresses view,

l symbols view,

l symbols&addresses view (only for the Ladder editor).

Example display Ladder editor used with the 3 views.

Note

If a symbol or an address has more than 8 characters, the display can be truncated.

Select the element displayed in this way in the status bar. You can also use the In-

formation box.

The command View/Reduced allows you to reduce the size of the window while

keeping the same level of information.

The command View/Normal allows you to return to the normal sized window.

179

Programming in Structured Text language

Online symbolization

Principal

Online symbolization allows you, at the time of input of a Ladder, List, Structured

Text program, to immediately (without opening the data editor) associate:

l an address to a new symbol,

l a symbol to a non symbolized address.

Procedure

With the Ladder editor, start at Step 1, with the Structured Text or List editors, go

straight to step 2.

Step

Action

1

Select the cell where the variable is situated.

2

Select the variable (highlight it).

3

Right mouse click on the variable and select Associate Symbol&Address.

4

Enter the address or symbol and the comment.

181

Programming in Structured Text language

Input of a predefined function block (ST editor)

Procedure

From within the language editor, input at the cursor position one of the instructions

presented below corresponding to the desired function block.

Function blocks

The different function blocks and their instructions are:

Function blocks

Instruction

Syntax

PL7-3 timer(%Ti)

Start

START %Ti;

Stop

STOP %Ti;

Reinitialize

PRESET %Ti;

TP/TON/TOF timer (%TMi)

Start

START %TMi;

Initialize

DOWN %TMi;

Up/Down counter (%Ci)

Reset to 0

RESET %Ci;

Set to Preset value

PRESET %Ci;

Increment by 1

UP %Ci;

Decrement by 1

DOWN %Ci;

Monostable (%MNi)

Start

START %MNi;

Register of FIFO/LIFO words

Reset contents

RESET %Ri;

(%Ri)

Saving in %Ri;I

PUT %Ri;

Removing from %Ri,O

GET %Ri;

Drum-DRUM (%DRi)

Position at step 0

RESET %DRi;

Change step

UP %DRi;

182

Programming in Structured Text language

Assisted entry of a library function (ST editor)

Procedure

The instruction to be entered is:

%MD5:=%MD30 AND 100 AND ROL(%MD8,2);

Perform the following actions to make an entry:

Step

Action

1

Enter the instruction as far as the ROL function call.

2

Via the Contextual or Service menu, select the Enter call for a function com-

mand.

3

Select the required tab (default selection). For an elementary function (EF) the

"Parameters" option must be selected in the Function Information menu.

4

Select the (EF) function family (e.g.: Double length integer, or the required

DFB block (only on TSX Premium with PL7 Junior and Pro).

5

Select the (EF) function name(e.g. ROL), or the name of the DFB instance.

An instance can be created for a DFB:

1. Select Create.

2. Enter the name.

3. Enter a comment.

4. Confirm using Create.

6

Enter the (EF) function variables or DFB type parameters in the parameter

entry field. The function entered can be viewed in the Display the call field.

7

Confirm the selection with OK.

8

End the instruction imput (end character ;).

9

Confirm the entry with ENTER.

Notes

Certain functions offer extra screens for parameter entry (e.g.: human-machine in-

terface functions). These parameters are accessed with the Detail button that then

appears at the bottom of the screen.

When the function syntax is known, enter syntax directly into the editor.

It is possible to directly enable assisted entry on a given function by selecting the

name of the function then selecting the Service/Enter call for a function command

or performing a RIGHT MOUSE CLICK.

Tabulation and Line Feed characters are represented by $T and $N respectively.

They must be entered in $$T and $$N format.

183

Programming in Structured Text language

Replacing a variable in the application

Introduction

Finding and replacing an application variable as an address or a symbol (excluding

variables used in operating screens). The replacement in the application may be to-

tal or partial, automatic or manual.

Replacement affects the indicated variable and its dependent objects as well (word

extract bits…).

Exception: for Grafcet steps bits the associated activity times (e.g. %Xi.T) are not

replaced.

Replacement is carried out at the following levels:

l Application (in all tasks).

l Tasks (MAST, FAST, Evti).

l Complete section.

l Partial section (from address i to address j).

l Replacement is also carried out at functional module level (complete functional

module, sub-modules included).

Procedure

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Select the commandTools/Replace variables or position the cursor over the

Station directory and select Replace variables from the contextual menu.

2

Put the variable to be replaced (as an address or a symbol) in the Findfield and

confirm with ENTER or TAB.

3

Put the variable to be replaced (as an address or a symbol) in the Replacefield

and confirm with ENTER.

4

Select the view:

l Structure view

l Function view

5

Select one or more modules:

l if replacing in all the application, go to point 8,

l if replacing in some of the modules, deselect the whole and select the mod-

ules, go to point 6,

l if replacing in one of the modules, deselect the whole and select the mod-

ule, go to point 6.

186

Programming in Structured Text language

Cross Referencing a variable in an application

Introduction

This function allows you to locate in the application:

l variables in the form of labels or symbols (except those used in operating

screens),

l DFB types (only on TSX Premium with Pl7 Junior and Pro),

l DFB instances (only on TSX Premium with Pl7 Junior and Pro),

l and to open modules/tasks/DFB types.

Principals of

The user realizes that the variable X is not the right value. To identify the cause he

using debugging

must therefore:

l find the places where this variable is used,

l obtain a list of statements, rungs and expressions,

l to display and verify the activation conditions of the variable.

Note:

In order to record the path of this search, the list elements thus visited are marked

with an asterisk (*).

Operational

A variable can be a read variable (R), a write variable (W) or a read/write variable

mode for objects

(R/W).

- "R" groups together the read operational modes, indexed read, indexed word, in-

put or input/output parameter of a indexed or non-indexed function.

- "W" groups together the write operational modes, indexed write, output or input/

output parameter of indexed or non-indexed function and execution of Block Func-

tions (SFB and DFB).

Search source

Table of variables:

variables

Bit

%Ixi; %QXi; %Mi; %Si

Word

% MWi; %MDi; %MFi; %KBi; %KWi; %KDi; KFi; %MBi; %SWi; %QWi;

%QDi; %IWi; %IDi; %NWi

Instruction

SRi; HALT

Other retrievable variables:

Byte variables

Word extract bits

Bit table

Grafcet bit table

Character string

188

Programming in Structured Text language

Table of words and constants

Table of double words and constants

Constant character string

Standard Block Function

Standard Block Function element

Step status

Step activity time

Manet variables

Search options

For an indexed variable, the variable and the index are taken into account in the list.

Table of options:

Extract Bit

This option is for variables of types %MW, %KW, %IW, %NW,

%QW. It adds to the list the variable and the referenced bits.

Table Object

This option is for bit tables, word tables and immediate indexed vari-

ables. It adds to the list the immediate indexed table variables

whose first element is the input variable.

Channel Object

This option is for channel objects. It adds to the list all the objects of

the same referenced channel, including the tables and the extract

bits.

Network Objects

This option is for the network variables. It allows you to obtain all the

variables from the same remote module (nanet object).

FB Object

This option allows you to expand the list of SFB block function ele-

ments and the DFB type elements.

FB Instance

Only on TSX Premium with PL7 Junior and Pro.

This option is for DFB types. It allows you to obtain from the name

of a DFB type the sections using its instances.

Searching for

Carry out the following actions:

cross references

Step

Action

1

Select the icon

2

Enter the search source variable as an address or a symbol (E.g. %M10) and

the possible options then confirm via Search.

3

To display a module, select the module, via the Contextual menu, select Open

or double click on the module.

189

Programming in Structured Text language

Printing of a program

Procedure

Carry out the following steps:

Step

Action

1

Open the module with right click + Open or a double click.

2

Select the command File/Print (Ctrl+P) or click on the icon

3

Select a print range:

l if for the entire module, go to step 6.

l if for part of a module, go to step 4.

4

Select %Li/TOP/BOTTOM (if LD, ST, IL) or start page (if G7).

If more precision is required, use the up and down arrow keys.

5

Select %Li/TOP/BOTTOM (if LD, ST, IL) or endpage (if G7).

If more precision is required, use the up and down arrow keys.

6

Confirm with OK or ENTER.

Notes

The print type depends on the type of display selected in the View menu.

l Addresses: prints variables with addresses,

l Symbols: prints variables with symbols,

l Symbols&Addresses: prints variables with symbols/addresses.

192

Programming in Grafcet language

9

Introduction

Subject of this

This chapter reminds you of the structure of a program in grafcet language.

chapter

It describes:

l How to create a program.

l How to use the different functions offered by the editor.

l How to manage the different modules making up the application.

What’s in this

This Chapter contains the following Maps:

Chapter?

Topic

Page

Designing a program in Grafcet language

196

Structure of a Grafcet page

197

Grafcet graphic objects

198

Creating a Grafcet module

203

Modifying a Grafcet program

216

Replacing a variable in the application

219

Cross Referencing a variable in an application

221

Animation of Grafcet program elements

224

Printing of a program

225

Export/Import of source files

226

195

Programming in Grafcet language

Designing a program in Grafcet language

Principal

Gracet language (GR7) allows the sequential operation of automation to be repre-

sented graphically and in a structured way.

This description is carried out with help from single graphical objects (See Grafcet

graphic objects, p. 198) representing:

l the steps with which the actions can be associated (except the OUT step),

l the macro-steps, (onlyTSX/PCX/PMX57)

l the transitions with which the receptivity is associated,

l the positioned links connecting a step to a transition or a transition to a step.

The graph is input by Grafcet pages (See Structure of a Grafcet page, p. 197) ad-

dressed from 0 to 7 in the status bar.

Example

Grafcet editor:

2) Place the element on

1

the input grid

2

M0 0

1) Select object from the

graphics

palette

F2

F3

F4

F5

F6

F7

F8

F9

F10

F11

F12

1F2

196

Programming in Grafcet language

Structure of a Grafcet page

Principles

The Grafcet page is displayed in the form of a matrix made up of 14 lines and 11

columns defining 154 cells.

Each cell can receive a graphic object (See Grafcet graphic objects, p. 198).

There are two types of line:

l step lines where steps, macro steps and connectors are entered,

l transition lines where the transitions and source connectors are entered.

Comments can be entered. These are independent graphic objects, which are not

attached to steps or transitions.

A program module is made up of 8 Grafcet pages, and a Grafcet page is accessed

via the Edit/Go to command, or the icon

There are two Grafcet page viewing modes offered, which can be accessed from the

View menu:

l normal view (default display),

l collapsed view.

Example

Grafcet page:

0

1

4

2

5

Step line

3

Transition line

197

Programming in Grafcet language

Grafcet graphic objects

Steps

Number of possible steps by PLC type:

l TSX37-10 Max: 96,

l TSX37-20 Max: 128,

l TSX/PCX/PMX57 Max: 250.

Type of steps:

Can be accessed from the graphics palette using the F3 and F4 keys or the icons

Initial

Example:

Defines the initial situation of

the PLC,

i= 0 to 63.

Standard

Example:

Defines the stable PLC state.

Macro-steps

Only enabled on TSX/PCX/PMX57, Max: 64.

Can be accessed from the graphics palette using the (Shift+F2) keys or the icon

198

Programming in Grafcet language

Macro-Step

Only enabled on TSX/PCX/PMX57, Max: 250 per Macro-Step plus IN and OUT step.

steps

Types of Macro-step steps:

Can be accessed from the graphics palette using the keys F3, F4, (Shift+F2), (Shift+F3),

(Shift+F4) or the icons .

Initial

Example:

Defines the initial situation of

the PLC,

i= 0 to 63.

Standard

Example:

Defines the stable PLC state.

IN

Example:

Macro-Step input step.

OUT

Example:

Macro-Step output step.

199

Programming in Grafcet language

Step + Transition Step/Transition:

Can be accessed from the graphics palette using the (F2) key or the icon .

Step + Transition

Example:

Simultaneously lays down a

step with a number and tran-

sition.

Transitions

Number of possible transitions by PLC type:

l TSX37-10 Max: 192,

l TSX37-20 Max: 256,

l TSX/PCX/PMX57 Max: 1024.

Type of transition:

Can be accessed from the graphics palette using the keys F6, F8, F9, F10 and F11 or the

icons

Standard

Example:

Allows the transition from

one step to another.

AND divergence

Example:

Allows the simultaneous acti-

vation of a maximum of 11

steps.

200

Programming in Grafcet language

AND convergence

Example:

Allows the simultaneous de-

activation of a maximum of

11 steps.

OR divergence

Example

Allows you to create a branch

to a maximum of 11 steps.

OR convergence

Example

Allows you to close a branch

from a maximum of 11 steps.

Connectors

Connector types:

Can be accessed from the graphics palette via the F5, and F7 keys or the icons .

Destination

Example:

n = destination step number.

Origin

Example:

n = origin step number.

201

Programming in Grafcet language

Oriented links

Link types:

Can be accessed via the graphics palette via the F9key, or the icon .

Up

Example:

Allows the loop iteration of a

chart (arrow keys).

Down

Example:

Left or right

Example:

Comments

Can be accessed from the graphics palette via the F12 key or the icon .

202

Programming in Grafcet language

Creating a Grafcet module

Procedure

Carry out the following actions:

Step

Action

1

Create a Grafcet section (See Creating or importing a Grafcet section, p. 107).

2

Open the Grafcet module (chart). (See Open the Grafcet module (chart), p.

203)

3

Enter the following graphical elements:

l entering a step, a transition, a connector. (See Entering a step, an action, a

connector, p. 204)

l entering a macro-step (See Entering a Macro-Step, p. 205) (only TSX 57).

l carrying out an AND divergence (See Carrying out an AND divergence, p.

205).

l carrying out an AND convergence (See Carrying out an AND convergence,

p. 207).

l carrying out a Step -> Transition link (See Carrying out a Step -> Transition

link, p. 208).

l carrying out a Transition -> Step link. (See Carrying out a Transition -> Step

link., p. 209)

l carrying out loop iteration. (See Carrying out a loop iteration, p. 211)

4

Program actions. (See Programming actions, p. 213)

5

Program the transition conditions. (See Programming the transition conditions,

p. 214)

6

Enter comments. (See Entering comments, p. 215)

Open the Grafcet Carry out the following actions from the Grafcet section previously created.

module (chart)

Step

Action

1

Put the cursor on the Chart module in the Grafcet section.

2

Open the Chart module using the command Services/Open or using the con-

textual menu Open.

203

Programming in Grafcet language

Entering a step,

Carry out the following actions:

an action, a

Step

Action

connector

1

Using the mouse:

Click on the graphical object situated in the graphical palette.

Using the keyboard:

Position the cursor on the grid at the required place (using the arrow keys).

2

Using the mouse:

Click on the grid at the required place, for:

l a step, a number is offered by default, modify it if applicable, then confirm it

using ENTER.

l a step+transition, a number is fixed by default.

Using the keyboard:

Press the function key corresponding to the graphical object situated in the

graphical palette to be inserted, for:

l a step, a number is proposed by default, modify it if applicable.

l a step+transition, a number is fixed by default.

3

Using the mouse or the keyboard:

Proceed in the same way for the other graphical objects.

4

Using the mouse:

Confirm the chart by clicking on the icon

or by using the command Edit/

Confirm.

Using the keyboard:

Confirm the chart using the ENTER key, or using the command Edit/Confirm.

204

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