1.2.2.6.1 High pressure fuel injection pump
Installed in diesel engines are High Pressure Fuel Injection Pumps (Fig. 6).
High pressure fuel injection pump (HPFIP)is designed to create fuel reserve, keeping and
regulatingpressure in the fuel regulator.
Mounted on HPFIP are fuel priming pump 2 driven by camshaft 13 and pressure regula-
tor 3.
Inside the HPFIP housing there are two plungers 3 (Fig.7) actuated by camshaft 2.
The camshaft, through a driver half-coupling is kinematic connection with the engine
crankshaft through distribution gears.
The fuel having passed the coarse fuel filter with a moisture separator is further fed by
the fuel priming pump to the HPFIP connector via the fine fuel filter under the pressure
of 0,8...0,9 Mpa.
Under the influence of the created pumping pressure the fuel, via channel 5, comes into a
plunger chamber.
The incoming camshaft moves the plunger up whilethe inley hole of the inlet channel is
overlapped by valve 4 and with the further plunger rise the fuel is compressed in the
plunger chamber.
When the pressure reaches the level equal to that kept in the high pressure accu-
mulator, valve 6 opens. The compressed fuel comes into the high pressure circuit.
The plunger delivers the fuel till it reaches its TDC (Top Dead Center), then the pressure
goes down, the exhaust valve closes.
Since HPFIP has been designed for supply of large fuel amount, at the engine idle and
at partial loads an excess of compressed fuel takes place which, via ball valve 8 of pres-
sure regulator 11 and via the back runoff duct is returned into the fuel tank.
The pressure regulator sets the pressure in the high-pressure accumulator, depending on
the engine load, speed and the engine thermal state.
With extremely high pressure in the accumulator the regulator valve opens and a portion
of the fuel is diverted from the accumulator via the back runoff duct to the fuel tank.
The pressure regulator is mounted to the HPFIP housing with a flange. Armature 10
presses the ball of valve 8 to the valve keeper with the valve spring in order to disconnect
the the high and the low pressure circuits.
The switched on electromagnet 9 moves armature 10 applying additional force for
pressing the ball to the keeper.
The armature is all flushed by fuel which lubricates the friction surfaces and removes ex-
cessive heat. The working parts of the fuel pump are lubricated by oil coming from the
diesel engine lubrication system. The from the fuel pump housing is drained into the en-
gine oil sump. When a new pump is installed in an engine, it must be preli-minarily filled
with oil for 200 cm
3
Oil is added through a special orifice, item 7 (Fig. 6).