Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 5)

Procedure for Scaffolding and Portable Ladders

Page 20 of 20

Revision/Review Log

Revision Date

Authority

Custodian

Revision Details

05 October 2004

CHSSE Manager

Central Safety TL

Initial Issue

23 May 2008

Alan McNulty

Abbas Islamov

General:

(CH&S Manager)

(Central Safety TL)

Throughout the procedure the document

numbering for referred procedures has

been changed from UNIF to AzSPU.

Section 1. Introduction:

1.1 Purpose; Wording changes;

1.2 Scope; Wording changes.

The following inclusions to Section 1 are:

1.3 Legislation & Standards;

1.4 Company Requirements;

1.5 Stopping Unsafe Work;

1.6 Deviations;

1.7 Document Review;

1.8 SSOW Specific Cross References;

1.9 Language Facilitation

Section 3. Roles & Responsibilities:

Changes made to the responsibilities of

SM, SC, OIM, Area Authority, Performing

Authority, Employees.

Paragraph 7.4 defines use of aluminium

scaffolding

Two Appendices have been added to

the Procedure:

Appendix A - Scaffold Inspection Basic

Checklist

Appendix B - Feedback & Improvement

suggestions

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 23 May 2008

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00062-2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1.1

Purpose

1.2

Scope

1.3

Legislation & Standards

1.4

Company Requirements

1.5

Stopping Unsafe Work

1.6

Deviations

1.7

Document Review

1.8

SSOW Specific Cross references

1.9

Golden Rules of safety

1.10

Language Facilitation

1.11

Procedure Summary

DEFINITIONS

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Site Manager/Site Controller/Offshore Installation Manager

Area Authority

Performing Authority

Task Risk Assessment Team Leader

Individual TRA Member

People Carrying Out the Work

AUDITING AND MONITORING

COMPETENCY, TRAINING AND AWARENESS

5.1

General

5.2

Levels of Training

5.3

Records

RISK ASSESSMENT LEVELS

6.1

General

6.2

Level 1 Risk Assessment Guidance Notes

6.3

Level 2 Risk Assessment Guidance Notes

6.4

Level 2 Risk Assessment Team

THE STAGES OF RISK ASSESSMENT

7.1

Defining the Task to be Assessed

7.2

Identifying the Hazards

7.3

Identifying the Hazard Effects

7.4

Existing Control Measures

7.5

Evaluate the Risk

7.6

Determine the Additional Controls Required

7.7

Allocating Responsibilities for Control Actions

7.8

Re-evaluate the Risks for Acceptability

7.9

Implementation of Control Measures

7.10

Task Inspection Checklists

7.11

Toolbox Talks

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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INTRUDUCTION

1.1

Purpose

It is a requirement of the Permit to Work procedure employed within BP AzSPU that a

Task Risk Assessment is carried out before any permits are issued.

The purpose of this procedure is to describe the Task Risk Assessment process

employed by BP AzSPU in support of the Permit to Work System.

1.2

Scope

The contents of this procedure are applicable to all BP owned and managed sites /

installations in Azerbaijan and Georgia. Contractors working on BP owned or managed

sites / installations are also responsible for alignment with this procedure.

This document does not replace the procedures prepared and adopted by specialist

contractors. Neither does it supersede any national and local regulatory requirements.

This procedure contributes to compliance with the

“HSE expectations” contained in

“getting HSE right”, the „Golden Rules of Safety‟ and the Control of Work (CoW) standard

that the Hazards associated with BP activities are identified and that the risks are

assessed and managed.

All guidelines contained shall be regarded as the minimum requirements for BP owned or

managed sites / installations in Azerbaijan and Georgia.

The scope covers defined activities of BP and Contractors at all BP AzSPU sites and

installations.

1.3

Legislation & Standards

The aim of this Safe System of Work is to achieve ”no accidents”, “no harm to people” and

“no damage to the environment”. To achieve this aim, this SSOW complies with National

Legislation, the terms of the Production Sharing Agreement (PSA) and mandatory BP

Standards.

The best International Oil Industry practice and relevant goal setting legislation have been

adopted to reduce the level of risk to as low as reasonably practicable and therefore well

below that mandated by applicable statutory laws and regulations.

In the absence of local regulations, BP Group Standards will apply. In addition,

appropriate UK and US regulations and industry best practice have been considered in

setting suitable goals and targets.

1.4

Company Requirements

It is a company requirement that all tasks are subjected to an assessment of risk to

demonstrate that risks have been reduced to as low a level as reasonably practicable

(ALARP). This can be achieved by complying with the Company‟s existing standards.

Where compliance with Company standards cannot reasonably be achieved, a formal

level

2 Risk Assessment will be undertaken to identify any additional controls and

demonstrate that risks remain as low as reasonably practicable. Whether by compliance

with Company Standards or through level 2 Risk Assessment, the Company‟s Golden

Rules of Safety must be complied with. Golden Rules are non-negotiable.

1.5

Stopping Unsafe Work

To stop the continuation of potentially unsafe work at the earliest possible stage, the

Control of Work (CoW) Policy and this Task Risk Assessment procedure make it very

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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clear that all personnel are obliged and have the authority to “STOP” the work that they

consider to be unsafe.

1.6

Deviations

This procedure is written in sufficient detail that it should be able to be applied consistently

at all sites / installations. There may still be the requirement for some local rules covering

site

/ installation specific logistical/administrative arrangements and local variations in

responsibilities to reflect differences in organisational arrangements. These local rules

should not deviate from the core processes within this document. Any form of deviation

from this procedure, including but not limited to local rules, shall be requested and

authorised in accordance with SSOW, Deviations from Regulations and Procedures (Doc.

No: AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00011-2).

1.7

Document Review

This document will be reviewed on an annual basis when users from the sites

installations will have an opportunity to propose changes to the existing processes and

procedures. The document Technical Authority will be responsible for coordinating this

review.

1.8

SSOW Specific Cross References

This procedure shall, where appropriate, be used in conjunction with this suite of AzSPU

Procedures referenced below.

Document Number

Title of Procedure

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00011-2

Deviations from Regulations and Procedures

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00054-2

Incident Investigation and Reporting

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00060-2

Permit To Work

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00012-2

Authorisation

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2

Task Risk Assessment

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00048-2

Energy Isolations-Electrical

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00049-2

Energy Isolations-Process

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00013-2

Confined Space Entry

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00055-2

Leak Testing

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC- 0002-2

BP Control of Work Standards

1.9

Golden Rules of Safety

Risk Assessment is not an explicit Golden Rule on its own however, it is applicable to

them all. The Golden Rules identify the main areas where Risk Assessment is paramount.

This procedure should be used for all the Golden Rules, being:

Permit To Work

Working at Heights

Energy Isolation

Lifting Operations

Ground Disturbance

Vehicle Safety

Confined Space Entry

Management of Change

1.10 Language Facilitation

Due to the various languages spoken at sites / installations, there is a necessity to assist

all with “an ease of understanding”. Therefore, the development and use of information

tools are available.

1.11 Procedure Summary

A Procedure Summary has been developed in a form of a leaflet, which can be carried by

the Line Supervisors while conducting their day-to-day work tasks. The Leaflet

summarizes the contents of this Task Risk Assessment procedure. The Procedure

Summary can also be used as a guideline for Line Supervisors to deliver their daily

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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toolbox talk. (See Appendix G)

DEFINITIONS

Area Authority

AAA

Affected Area Authority

AEP

Authorised Electrical Person

ALARP

As Low as Reasonably Practicable

BUL

Business Unit Leader

CBT

Computer Based Training

COSHH

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health

COW

Control of Work

CRO

Control Room Operator

CSE

Confined Space Entry

Cold Work

Formal Procedure

HWNF

Hot Work Naked Flame

HWSP

Hot Work Spark Potential

Isolating Authority

ICC

Isolation Control Certificate

IRA

Isolation Risk Assessment

L2RA

Level 2 Risk Assessment

LTI

Long-Term Isolations

OIM

Offshore Installation Manager

ORA

Operational Risk Assessment

Performing Authority

PTW

Permit to Work

PTWC

Permit to Work Coordinator

PUL

Performance Unit Leader

REP

Responsible Electrical Person

RTC

Risk It, Talk It, Check It Pre-Task risk Assessment

SARA

Stand Alone Risk Assessment

Site Controller

Site Manager

SSOW

Safe System of Work

TRA

Task risk Assessment

Technical Authority

TBT

Toolbox Talk

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

3.1

Site Manager (SM) / Site Controller (SC) / Offshore Installation Manager (OIM)

The Site Manager / Site Controller / Offshore Installation Manager shall be responsible

and accountable for the application of this procedure in his area of responsibility, He shall

ensure:

 That adequate numbers of Competent responsible persons are appointed to

manage and maintain the requirements of this procedure

 That this procedure is strictly adhered to for all occasions when it is identified that

task risk assessments are to take place.

 That formal records of all task risk assessments are maintained in accordance with

this procedure

 That the task risk assessment Process is applied at sites within their area of

responsibility

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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 Periodic internal reviews and / or audit of the operations of task risk assessment

 Appointing individuals to act as task risk assessment Team Leaders to facilitate

the TRA process

 The review of all Level 2 Risk Assessments.

Note: It is incumbent on the SM / SC / OIM to request a higher level of Risk Assessment

should they consider that risks have not been fully addressed.

3.2

Area Authority

The Area Authority shall be responsible for ensuring that the requirements of this

procedure are adhered to for all task risk assessments conducted within his area of

responsibility. He shall be responsible for ensuring:

 That all persons are instructed on the requirements of task risk assessment, permit

to work conditions, and any risks or hazards associated with the work activity

 The level of Risk Assessment required for the task

 Organising and participating in the Task Risk Assessment process

 That the Performing Authority performs Risk Assessments, and conducts Toolbox

Talks associated with the work activity.

3.3

Performing Authority

The Performing Authority shall ensure:

 The compliance of all personnel under their supervision with this procedure when

involved in risk assessed activities

 That a risk assessment has been performed and a toolbox talk conducted

 That all personnel are informed of, and understand, the risks associated with the

task they are performing, and any associated works that may affect their work

activity

 That the activity is executed in accordance with this procedure

 That works are halted if an unsafe situation occurs.

 That good housekeeping practices are implemented at all work areas

 That work activities have been reviewed and pertinent information exchanged with

all other affected parties.

3.4

Task Risk Assessment Team Leader (Area Authority)

The main responsibilities of the TRA Team Leader are to:

 Lead the team in performing a Level 2 Risk Assessment

 Ensure the team understands the assessment process

 Take responsibility for maintaining the quality of the TRA

 Ensure that the assessment team includes personnel with all the necessary

experience, knowledge and competence for the task involved

 Ensure that the TRA includes a worksite visit

 Ensure that all members of the TRA team have a full opportunity to contribute and

that the details of the assessment are agreed by all team members

 Ensure that the details of the assessment are accurately recorded

3.5

Individual TRA Member

The responsibilities of individual team members are to:

 Actively participate in the TRA process

 Help identify hazards and control measures to reduce the likelihood of an

incident/accident occurring

 Ensure they agree with the overall TRA before approval, ensuring that risks have

been reduced to as low as reasonably practicable

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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3.6

People carrying out the Work

The responsibilities of the people carrying out the work are to:

 Understand the hazards, risks and controls associated with the task

 Participate and contribute in the Toolbox Talk

 Actively monitor the worksite and surroundings for changes

 Stop the job at any time if they have concerns about the safety of the task

 Sign to confirm that they understand the hazards and controls

AUDITING AND MONITORING

Each Asset shall:

 Undertake internal audits of the operation of the Risk Assessment process as part

of the Safe Systems of Work at each Site / Installation.

 Maintain an Audit Register.

 Have in place a system for tracking recommendations

Use of a Standard Audit Checklist is recommended, to allow comparison with external

audit results.

The recommended frequency of Audit is as follows:

Supervisor/ Area Authority

Minimum of 2 per week

Site Safety Adviser

Minimum of 1 permit per week

Site Manager/Site Controller/OIM

Minimum of 1 permit per month

Site Managers / Site Controllers / Offshore Installation Managers shall carry out regular

internal reviews of the findings of Risk Assessment Audits, to ensure that any critical

failings in the system, or its manner of implementation, have been identified and

appropriate actions have been, or are being, taken.

COMPETENCY, TRAINING AND AWARENESS

5.1

General

All personnel involved in the use of the Risk Assessment process shall be trained and

proven to be competent.

The competency of all relevant personnel shall be established during the planning process

for a particular risk assessment. The Area Authority and/or Line Supervisor shall ensure

that the personnel involved in the activity have the correct competencies through records

or requesting individuals to produce relevant certification.

5.2

Levels of Training

The levels of training are:

First time users: Using classroom based training, with possibly a computer-based

Training (CBT) for refreshers. This also requires a practical assessment to demonstrate

that the trainee understands the Risk Assessment procedure.

Having undergone the appropriate training, the trainee can only take on the role when

they have been assessed and authorised by the SM / SC / OIM.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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For those considered experienced

(Regular users), Refresher training shall be

undertaken, and assessed, at a frequency of not more than 2 years, or if absent from the

site / installation for more than 12 months.

For those transitioning from another Risk Assessment system to this one

Transition training shall be undertaken with all attendees being assessed for their

competency.

For all BP AzSPU employees - Prior to any involvement with the Risk Assessment

system all employees shall receive awareness training to ensure that they understand the

importance of Risk Assessment and how it affects them in the working environment.

Note: Toolbox Talks are an essential part of the Risk Assessment Process. All users of

this SSOW should contribute at this point.

5.3

Records

Records of attendance and competency will be filed for future reference / verification by

Senior Management. Risk Assessments shall be uniquely numbered and retained

(preferably in electronic format).

RISK ASSESSMENT LEVELS

6.1

General

The process of Task Risk Assessment (TRA) is a method for systematically examining an

individual work assignment (task), to identify the hazards, evaluate the risks and specify

appropriate controls.

There are 2 levels of risk assessment defined within the process:

Level 1

Level 1 is a broad overview of the task by a Area Authority (AA) (typically the Team

Leader and the Performing Authority (PA) to identify any hazards involved and appropriate

control measures which are required to be in place to allow the job to proceed.

Level 2

Level 2 is a formal assessment, which is required only when the AA‟s judge that there are

greater hazards or complexities associated with the task, which requires a more rigorous

level of assessment. A team of minimum 3 personnel carries out this assessment.

All Risk Assessments require input from those who will be doing the work. In addition,

some Level 2 Risk Assessments may require the input of expertise from outside the

normal site / installation team.

Previously carried out L2 Risk Assessments (L2RA) can be used for repeat tasks.

Note: Whenever a previous L2RA is re-used then it is critical that the details of the TRA

are reviewed to ensure that the scope of the task is still relevant, conditions have

not changed and that the hazards and control measures are still appropriate. A

new L2RA Front-Sheet must be completed, to capture details of the new review

team.

6.2

Level 1 Risk Assessment Guidance Notes

A Level 1 Risk Assessment is based on section 1 and 2 of the Permit. The Permit Form

provides the prompt list and structured approach for this level of Risk Assessment.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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Different Permits have different prompt lists in section 2.

A Level 1 Risk Assessment involves a review of the task by the PA in consultation with the

Area Authority to identify the hazards associated with the task and appropriate control

measures required to manage these hazards. The PA‟s in using their technical

competence and task information from section 1 selects the hazards from a list.

The PA then uses the controls listed in section 2 of the Permit to show how the work will

be controlled.

These hazards and controls are selected from a list from the permit, although the PA

should not be constrained by this and must use his judgement and expertise to identify

any further hazards or controls - there is space on the permit to add additional hazards

and controls.

The Area Authority must decide whether the risks can be controlled adequately by the

proposed means, taking into account the controls required by any relevant local procedure

and the competence of the person in charge. If the Area Authority is not completely

assured that the risks will be adequately controlled by these measures and feels a more

rigorous assessment is required, they must inform the person in charge of the work and

request a Level 2 Risk Assessment. This requirement should ideally be identified at the

earliest opportunity. The Site Manager / Site Controller / Offshore Installation Manager

can direct that a Level 2 Risk Assessment shall be undertaken at any time. Earliest

communication of the task requirement and discussion about it will identify the level of

Risk Assessment process to be conducted.

The Area Authority will review with the PA Section 1 and 2 of the permit along with any

documentation. They will visit the worksite to confirm all hazards have been identified and

controlled.

The flow-path that should be followed is provided in Appendix D.

Note: Discussing the job with the workforce involved is an important part of this process.

6.3

Level 2 Risk Assessment Guidance Notes

A Level 2 Risk Assessment must be carried out at any stage in the process where the PA,

AA, a member of management or any other personnel believes that significant risks exist

which will not be adequately controlled without a more rigorous assessment and the

application of additional controls. This requirement should ideally be identified when the

planning for the task is first initiated.

The reasons for a Level 2 Risk Assessment might include, for example:

 The task is new and unfamiliar

 It is physically impossible to comply fully with the standards in a relevant local

procedure or other recognised source of guidance

 Previously used controls may not be reasonably practicable in this case

 The task is complex and/or has potential impact on other activities

The decision on when a Level 2 Risk Assessment is required for a task is somewhat

subjective and will depend on the people involved, but the following rules should be

applied to ensure a consistent level of assessment is being carried out across the

organisation.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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There are four types of Level 2 Risk Assessment:

 Normal

 Operational Risk Assessment (ORA)

 Stand Alone Risk Assessment (SARA)

 Isolation Risk Assessment (IRA)

A Level 2 Risk Assessment is mandatory for any job described in Table 1 below.

6.3.1 Normal Level 2 Risk Assessment

Tasks identified in this section require a Normal Level 2 TRA to be performed. In the event

a particular task is not listed but the Task has a significant risk then a Line Supervisor

should be consulted. Some sites may have specific activities unique to that site which they

deem as mandatory Level 2 tasks. A Level 2 Risk Assessment must always be

undertaken for any job, which requires:

Table 1 - Mandatory Level 2 Risk Assessment



Confined Space Entry

 Heavy Lifts

(A load is classified as heavy

when specified by the Site Lifting Coordinator)



Work on flare systems

 Diving Operations



Plugging/sealing

 Simultaneous Operations (SIMOPs)



Hot / Odd Bolting

 Use of Explosives



Working with asbestos

 Lifts over live process pipelines or process

plant



Working at Heights without scaffold or

 Tasks involving Ground Disturbance.

structure

Manual and mechanical excavations

below 1.2m



When minimum standards of Energy

 Where there is a significant potential for

Isolation cannot be achieved

injury to people outside the site boundary



Unconventional access

(e.g., abseiling,

 Hot work within

15m radius of

crane basket)

hydrocarbons



Proof Tests

(initial hydro test where no

 When the approved procedures cannot be

design pressure exists)

followed.



Pneumatic test (as alternative to hydro test,

 Task that may have specific hazards

up to 110% of design pressure), including

associated with Energy Isolation.

leak testing of gas lines with N2.



Non-routine venting/draining/cleaning of

 Tasks which are judged to be unusually

equipment containing hazardous chemicals

complex (e.g., due to the number of steps

or interfaces)



Tasks which are unfamiliar, or which involve

o Any activity involving potential exposure

unfamiliar methods or technologies

to H₂S

Table 1 - Advisory Level 2 Risk Assessment



Where multiple protective devices are

 Manual and mechanical excavations less

removed or inhibited from a system

than 1.2m deep



New activities being carried out for the first

time and/or involving personnel or vendors

new to the site / installation

Some sites / installations will have standing instructions or procedures in place covering

standard precautions for some of these activities. They can act in support of the

assessment and may adequately cover most of the required control measures.

The flow-path that should be followed is provided in Appendix D.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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6.3.2 Operational Risk Assessment

Operational Risk Assessments (ORAs) are associated with a piece of equipment or plant

as opposed to being associated with a specific task. They involve carrying out a Level 2

Risk Assessment and identifying control measures that need to be put in place.

Examples of ORA are:

 Operating a compressor with some instrumentation out of service (e.g. vibration

probe), where some additional controls or monitoring is required to allow continued

operation of the compressor

 Reduction of deluge cover in an area of the Installation where some additional

controls/restrictions on work would be applied to that particular area of the plant

 Problem with a lifeboat where some alternative evacuation arrangements are in

place

If a piece of equipment requires an ORA, the procedure would be:

 Create a team as per L2RA procedure (Mandatory Level 2 Risk Assessment)

 Complete a TRA on Front Sheet and Work Sheets

 Authorise ORA - register held by SM / SC / OIM

 Assign controls, and put in-place

An Operational Risk Assessment is valid for 28 days and has to be reviewed, approved

and signed off every 7 days by the SM / SC / OIM.

6.3.3 Stand-Alone Risk Assessment

SARA‟s are not task-related but once again require that a Level 2 Risk Assessment be

conducted. A Stand-Alone Risk Assessment involves carrying out a risk assessment,

which may not be associated with either a task or specific piece of equipment. It could for

example involve performing a risk assessment associated with a change in organisation

or responsibilities. It allows direct use of the standard Level 2 Risk Assessment process.

If a SARA is required, the procedure would be:

 Create a team as per L2RA procedure (Mandatory Level 2 Risk Assessment)

 Complete a TRA on Front-Sheet and Work-Sheets

 Authorise SARA - register held by SM / SC / OIM

 Assign controls, and put in-place

A Stand Alone Risk Assessment has no restriction on validity duration, but should be

reviewed by the SM / SC / OIM every 28 days.

6.3.4 Isolation Risk Assessment

When an Energy Isolation-Process does not meet the standard as stipulated in Energy

Isolation procedure; AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00049-2, a L2RA is required. The risk

assessment should only be on the isolation element of the task, and not the work task

element.

Examples of when an Isolation Risk Assessment (IRA) is required are:

 Sufficient number of valves are not available to achieve the level of isolation

required

 There is an integrity issue (e.g. leaking) of part of an isolation

 An alternative means of isolation must be resourced, i.e. stopple bag, ice-plug

If an isolation requires a risk assessment, the procedure would be:

 Create a team as per L2RA procedure (Mandatory Level 2 Risk Assessment)

 Complete TRA Front Sheet

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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 The TRA Worksheet should identify controls to allow a safe and suitable isolation

 Authorise IRA - register held by SM / SC / OIM

 Assign controls, and put in-place

An Isolation Risk Assessment is valid indefinitely, however it has to be revalidated after 7

days by the SM / SC / OIM

6.4

Level 2 Risk Assessment Team

The objective of the Level 2 Risk Assessment is to assemble a team of persons with

intimate knowledge and expertise of the task and in a structured way, examine all the

hazards associated with that task, and then devise a set of controls which will ensure an

acceptable level of risk is achieved. Where necessary, expertise from elsewhere

(e.g. specialist vendors/contractors) may also be brought into the assessment process.

Where larger jobs or shutdowns are planned, work should be undertaken early on to

identify potential tasks requiring Level 2 Risk Assessments in order to allow adequate time

for the assessment to be undertaken.

The Level 2 Assessment Team should be made up of a minimum of three persons and

consist of persons having intimate knowledge and experience of the task or equipment to

be used.

Note: There should be a fully competent TRA Leader (Area Authority) capable of acting

as facilitator and leader of the assessment process.

The TRA Team Leader should make arrangements for the team to work as a group. It is

important to ensure, for example, that there is adequate space for examination of

drawings and that sufficient time is allocated to allow a rational decision to be reached.

It should not normally require more than a team of five persons to carry out an

assessment.

The objective of a Level 2 Risk Assessment is to use local knowledge and specialist

knowledge in a structured way in order to achieve ALARP for any residual risk.

The Risk Assessment team should include:

 The Area Authority for the area in which the task will be carried out, who will act as

TRA Team Leader

 The Performing Authority

 The person who will undertake the task

 A specialist from inside and external to the operation as required

 An HSE specialist who is responsible for ensuring that the Risk Assessment is

carried out in accordance with this procedure and for recording the results.

Note: a L2RA Team requires at least three members.

THE STAGES OF RISK ASSESSMENT

7.1

Defining the Task to be Assessed

The task description detail must provide information on Who, What, Why, How and When

the task will be performed. As the task becomes more complex the level of detail and

supportive documentation required will increase. The level of information provided must

take into account all people taking part in the task.

The Task Risk Assessment team must first ensure that they fully understand the task and

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 14 of 37

its implications. The overall task may need breaking into steps to facilitate carrying out the

Task Risk Assessment. When defining the task, think about such aspects as:

Item

Issues to Consider

1. System boundaries

What is the system being worked on? The extent of

equipment, hardware, or software affected by the activity.

Will the work be carried out on isolated or un-isolated

systems? Where are the isolations, or interfaces with other

systems?

2. Area or space boundaries

What area is affected by the activity?

What area could be affected in an accident?

3. Work activities included

What do you have to do? What might be the effect of doing

it? Think about isolations, inhibits, etc.

4. People affected

People; in the team, working nearby, who might be passing

by, working on related activities and working on connected

systems.

5. Time and duration of work

Will the task take one hour or multiple shifts?

Will the work be done during the day or night or both?

6. Tools and equipment to be used

Does the activity require hand tools, power tools, ladders,

lifting equipment, etc.? Task-specific PPE

7. Interfaces with adjacent work-

How will your work affect other work going on at the same

fronts

time? How will other work affect you?

7.1.1 L1RA Specific

For a L1 Risk Assessment, the Task Description is recorded in box 1 of the permit.

7.1.2 L2RA Specific

The L2RA Front Sheet should be completed as far as possible. The sections that should

be completed are:

INSTALLATION

DEPARTMENT/SYSTEM/LOCATION - complete

for relevant option

PERMIT No - if known at this point. If not,

TASK DESCRIPTION - be as explicit as possible,

complete when the PTW is initiated.

for clarity and future use

REFERENCES AND OTHER RELEVANT

DATE - the date the risk assessment took

INFORMATION - enter all relevant information

place

TRA Ref No - if registered, enter number

RISK ASSESMENT TEAM - enter names and

here. This will be used when Risk

positions. No signatures required

Assessments are being stored for future use.

Site specific rules will dictate how this is

administered.

TYPE - NORMAL, IRA, SARA or ORA

Any sub task steps should be identified on the L2RA Work-Sheet columns 1 & 2. Note that

the TRA front sheet is not signed as approved initially; this section will only be signed after

worksheets are complete and the SM / SC / OIM accepts the Task Risk Assessment.

7.2

Identifying the Hazards

A visit to the work site by the AA and PA is MANDATORY in order to assess the layout of

the area, site conditions and adjacent plant and activities. Once the members are all

familiar with the scope of the task to be carried out, the team should list all the significant

hazards in column 3 of the TRA worksheet. For a L2RA these are identified on the permit.

Checklists are supplied as a guide for reference purposes only. They should not be

considered as being comprehensive. A group brainstorm, with the team leader making

sure that each member is given adequate opportunity to express their views is vital to

maintain a systematic approach to using these checklists. See Appendix A

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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7.3

Identifying the Hazard Effects

Note: Recording of the Hazard effects is only recorded on a L2RA. However the hazards

effects should be considered on any type of Risk Assessment.

The Team must then identify the Hazard Effects, which will be entered into column 4 of

the L2RA Work-Sheet. Hazard effects are the worst credible possible outcome of the

hazard. The Team should be as explicit as possible in the Hazard Effect details. It is

important to consider property damage and environmental impact and not just personal

injury.

Examples are shown below:

Sub-Task Activity / Description

Hazard

Effect

Move temporary oil decanting

Slipping/tripping hazard

sprain, graze

hoses in utilities area to new

Dropped object

broken foot bone

storage cupboard.

Decant methanol from temporary

Flammable (invisible flame) and

Burns

skid on deck to new storage

Toxic by inhalation & swallowing.

Fatality

tanks, use of temporary hoses

Welding of new earthing point in

Fire / explosion in hydrocarbon area

Multiple fatality

live operational area

Long term plant

shut down

The table below should be used to determine the hazard effect, rated A - E.

Personal Injury

Property Damage

Environmental Damage

Effect Rating

Fatality

Major Loss >$5M

Total Loss of Containment

Likely Permanent

Significant Damage

Significant Loss of

Disability

Loss $500k to $5M

Containment. 100bbl, Limited

ability to control

Hospital Stay

Moderate Damage

Significant Loss of

Loss $100k to

Containment

$500k

> 100bbl only Workplace

affected

DAFWC / Restricted

Minor Loss $10k to

Minor Loss of Containment

Work Case / Medical

$100k

< 100bbl only Workplace

Treatment

affected

Simple First Aid Injury

Loss <$10k

Slight Loss of Containment <

1bbl

7.4

Existing Control Measures

Note: Existing Control measures are valid for both L1RA and L2RA.

When doing a risk assessment, it is normal to assume that no controls are in place. For

many tasks, some controls may be known before the risk assessment, and it is not

realistic to think of the work being done without these controls (e.g. an energy isolation).

So, if experience or normal industry or trade standards dictate, it may be valid to assume

that certain controls are in place, provided that:

 They are stated in column 5 of the L2RA Work-Sheet

 They are demonstrated as part of the task definition (e.g. planned isolations must

have appropriate isolation certificate and marked-up P&IDs); and

 The controls are confirmed to be in place prior to the work being carried out

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 16 of 37

Controls that may be included in the definition of the task include:

 Procedures, operating guides, etc. (supported by a valid risk assessment);

 Energy isolations confirmation certificate (including P&IDs)

 Entry certificate

 Scaffolding request; and

 Other risk assessments such as, manual handling, LSA/NORM scale.

Work permits are used for recording the controls for individual work tasks, for controlling

the interfaces between work activities and to gain the correct approvals to start a job.

However, a work permit itself is not a control for an individual work task and should

therefore not be included in the task definition.

7.5

Evaluate the Risk

Note: Recording of the Risk value is only recorded on a L2RA. However the risk factors

should be discussed for a L1RA.

The risks created by each hazard on the list should be evaluated according to:

 The worst credible severity of the hazard effects, should anything go wrong

 The probability of the hazard being realised and resulting in the specified hazard

effect

It is important to consider property damage and environmental impact and not just

personal injury. For each hazard the initial hazard effect and probability are defined based

on the Risk Assessment Chart shown in Appendix B.

Probability Guidelines:

PROBABILITY

RATING

Event likely to occur more than once per quarter

HIGH

(FREQUENTLY)

(H)

Event likely to occur at least once per year, but less than a quarter

MEDIUM

(PROBABLE)

(M)

Event likely to occur less than once per year

LOW

(OCCASIONAL)

(L)

The hazard effect (E) and probability (P) are then used to determine the risk (R), using the

risk matrix provided. The E, P & R values are written in column 6 of the TRA worksheet.

The effectiveness of the assessment will depend entirely on the team‟s ability to identify

and evaluate all hazards associated with the task. The team should also consider the

possibility of the interaction of different hazards, including those related to:

 Location - Attention should focus on the proximity to other plant or equipment, e.g.,

air intakes, shut down systems, control points, vents, drains, sample points and

ignition sources.

 Critical Activities

- Critical activities include isolation, flushing, inerting, confined

space entry; work at height, hot work, lifting, use of power tools, temporary power

and air supplies, pressure testing, radiography.

 Simultaneous Activities. - Simultaneous activities should be investigated both within

the task itself and with other unrelated activities taking place nearby.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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Risk Matrix (R)

HAZARD EFFECT

7.6

Determining the Additional Controls Required

Note: Recording of the Additional Controls is only completed on a L2RA column 7.

Recording of Controls for a L1RA is in section 2 of the permit.

Once the initial Assessment of Risk is complete, the team must work systematically

through the list of Hazards and specify all the Additional Control Measures needed to

mitigate each associated Risk. These are recorded in column 7 of the TRA worksheet.

Note: Controls, which prevent the hazard being realised, should be used in preference to

controls that reduce the effect of a hazard.

The hierarchy of controls is applied in the following order:

1. Eliminate

2. Reduce (substitution, Engineering, Segregation)

3. Manage or Administration (reduce exposure, Procedures)

4. PPE - This must be the last control applied; remember that with PPE you are inside

the hazard zone.

Wherever possible, measures higher in the hierarchy should be used, providing they are

reasonably practicable, and emphasis should be placed upon control at source. A

combination of measures will usually be necessary in order to reduce the level of Risk, As

Low as Reasonably Practicable

(ALARP). It should also be considered that when

specifying controls, any associated risk that they bring with them needs to be assessed

and controlled.

Typical Control Measures can be placed in the following categories:

Control Measure

Typical Examples

Physical

Removal of fuses; Insert spade or blank flange in pipe work; Lock off

valve; Erect mechanical barrier; Use locked enclosure; Keep people at a

distance (e.g., signs, warning tape); Eliminate or substitute toxic

substances; Substitute noisy machinery; Use mechanical handling

equipment.

Control Tier:

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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Control Measure

Typical Examples

Procedural

Test for pressure build-up or leaks; Examination of flushing fluid; Test for

hazardous chemicals in liquid, solid or gaseous form; Procedure for

control of simultaneous or adjacent work; Prohibition of hot work;

Equipment lock-out; Develop contingency plan,

Human

Use of independent specialist personnel; Regular or constant monitoring

of the Task; Use of method statements / detailed procedures; Clear

instructions and warnings to workforce; Clear definitions of roles and

responsibilities during the Task; Adequate supervision; Ensure

competency of personnel for the activity

Time

Limit duration of the Task or time of day when the activity occurs; Use

time-saving measures such as hot-bolting, good work-site preparation

and planning for the movement of materials, tools.

Contingency

Emergency shutdown, deluge and blow-down systems, reduction of

(Control)

inventory.

Contingency

Temporary refuge, emergency response system, fire/blast wall, water

(Mitigation)

curtain, provision of PPE, rescue equipment, etc.

7.7

Allocating Responsibilities for Control Actions

Note: Recording of the Responsibilities is completed on a L2RA column

Responsibilities for control actions are not recorded on a L1RA, but can be

identified in a method statement or procedure.

Once the control measures have been identified, each should be allocated to either an

individual or a role. The Risk Assessment may be completed some time before the actual

work task-taking place; therefore the delegated individual / role may change. Where

possible, identify both a role and a specific individual. These are recorded in column 8 of

the L2RA Work Sheet.

Column 11 is for recording the closeout of the actions. Therefore this column should not

be completed until the work is about to commence.

7.8

Re-evaluate the Risks for Acceptability

Note: This is completed on a L2RA column 9. Risk re-evaluations are not recorded on a

L1RA (permit).

The team must then re-evaluate the risk for all those hazards for which controls have

been determined. The new risk level should be determined and the team should consider

whether the risk is now as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP). Column 10 should be

identified with a „Y‟ to confirm the Risk Analysis Team has agreed ALARP.

If the risk is not ALARP, the review team must decide what further safeguards need to be

put in place. The agreed residual E, P and R are recorded in column 9 of the TRA

Worksheet.

The team must finally decide on the acceptability of the overall remaining risk for the task.

Individual hazards with a medium risk may be acceptable provided the overall risk of the

task is considered low. If the team decides that even with the controls in place, there are

too many hazards, which still have a medium risk, this must be recorded and the task in

its present form must be abandoned.

The higher the perceived risk for any particular hazard, the greater should be the

number and/or quality of independent controls, which the team specify as necessary.

Consideration should also be given to the possibility of cumulative effects from the

interaction of several different hazards.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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If the team considers that there are insufficient independent controls available, or that the

controls are likely to be ineffective against any particular risk, that risk must be judged to

be unacceptable, and the team leader must record this decision. The task must then be

abandoned or referred to higher management.

The team may also conclude that because of the complexity or degree of the risks

involved, a more detailed engineering assessment is needed. In this case, the task must

be suspended until the assessment is available.

As a final check, the team should ask itself the following questions about the

proposed task:

 Have all necessary control measures been fully and effectively identified?

 Is there a need for engineering change to eliminate or reduce risk further?

 Is there a need to shutdown the plant or process?

 Is the residual risk rating acceptable?

Only at this point can the team judge whether ALARP has been achieved.

This Table gives guidance for the residual risk criteria:

SCORE

ACTION REQUIRED

13 to 15

Immediate action.

Task must not proceed.

Serious loss potential.

Task may proceed only with additional controls in place to avoid

serious loss.

9 to 12

Plan controls to reduce risk further.

Assess the priority and agree implementation targets.

6 to 8

Monitor procedures and controls to ensure the risk is maintained as

low as reasonably practical.

Take immediate action if standards are not met.

Ensure additional controls are implemented.

2 to 5

Implement control measures to reduce the risk to the lowest level

reasonably practicable.

Prepare a plan to reduce the risk to the lowest level reasonably

practicable.

7.9

Implementation of Control Measures

Note: Recording of the control implementation is completed on a L2RA column 11.

Implementation of controls is not recorded on a L1RA.

Column 11 is for recording the close-out of the actions. Therefore this column should not

be completed until the work is about to commence.

There are two types of control measures that will be identified from either the Level 1 or

Level 2 TRA process:

 Prerequisite controls are those which must be in place prior to the job starting

 Supplementary controls are those which have to be applied during the job

Control Tier:

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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The prerequisite control measures must be implemented prior to the job going live. This

includes any training and/or special briefing of the PA and work party according to an

agreed plan of action.

The supplementary controls, which will be applied during the job, must be understood fully

by the PA and the work party before work commences.

The AA must satisfy himself that Competent Persons have been allocated the work;

the required controls are in place, any additional paperwork is complete, and that all

the individual risks are reduced to ALARP.

7.10 Task Inspection Checklist

In order to ensure that workers are made aware of the hazards and control measures of a

particular task, checklists should be prepared. The checklists are based on the control

measures identified in the TRA and for use by site / installation supervisors/safety officers

during toolbox talks and site inspections. An (example) checklist is shown in Appendix F.

7.11 Toolbox Talks

Note: Toolbox talks will be carried out for all tasks, whether they are L1RA or L2RA.

This is the process of transferring the methodology and controls to the people who will

carry out the work. It is vital that all persons involved in working on a particular activity are

fully aware of the details of the TRA and all the hazards and controls associated with the

job. Some of them may have been directly involved in the TRA but others may not have

been. This is particularly true of larger jobs (e.g. construction) where the PA who is

normally the Construction Supervisor will have been directly involved in the TRA but the

rest of the work party probably have not.

A Toolbox Talk is a vital part of the process to ensure that the TRA and its associated

documents are reviewed prior to the start of the job and are fully understood by all

persons involved in the task.

Particular emphasis should be placed on those residual risks with a higher rating. It is also

an opportunity for those involved in the work to raise any further concerns about the job

and to identify any hazards not picked up in the TRA process.

Note: If anyone at this stage identifies some additional hazards that have not been

properly assessed or thinks the control measures are inadequate, then the job should not

proceed until the TRA has been re-evaluated and appropriate controls identified to ensure

the job is ALARP.

Keys to the success of this step are:

 Communication of the task, the hazards and what must be done to control them to

every person involved in the task.

 Language is critical, especially in complex technical tasks.

 The toolbox talk is held prior to work starting

 Everyone understands everything discussed

 Everyone has the opportunity to voice concerns

 Everyone signs to confirm that they understand the hazards and control measures

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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Some example topics to cover as part of the Toolbox Talk are:

Issue

Notes

The current weather conditions

 Weather

 Sea State

The work party

 Competence and experience

 Familiarity with the installation and the system being

worked on

 Anyone fatigued or distracted

The worksite

 Access

 Awkward working position

 Temperature/humidity

 Lighting

The current state of the plant

 Physical condition of plant and equipment

and equipment

 Current operating status of plant and equipment

The current adjacent work sites

 Can this job affect other work sites

 Can other work sites affect this job

The pre-defined precautions

 Are they as per written instructions, risk assessments,

and controls

PTW, etc

MANAGEMENT OF RISK

8.1

Approval

On completion of the Risk Assessment, the Risk Assessment Front & Work Sheets must

be attached to the permit application for the job. It must be reviewed and signed by the

SM / SC / OIM before he approves the associated Permit(s) to Work.

Should the SM / SC / OIM feel that the task presents risks beyond his level of

accountability, he must refer to his Manager for guidance, and if necessary request a

more sophisticated analysis of the risks and mitigation than can be provided by the

method described in this procedure.

8.2

Recording the Risk Assessment

Where a task is likely to be repeated, a record of the Risk Assessment should, at the

permit issuer‟s discretion, be retained for future reference. In any event Risk

Assessments, which include hazards to the health of those undertaking the task must be

attached to the permit(s) for the job and retained for 12 months.

Where a Risk Assessment form is being re-used, it must be fully reviewed and a new front

sheet created.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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APPENDIX A: Hazard Checklists

Hazard Checklist - General

Falling from height

Noise

Manual Handling

Vibration

Lifting operations

Pressure

Falling object

Biological agents

Noise

Welding/cutting

Lighting

Power tools

Fume/dust

Hand tools

Minimise potential for ignition

Work on safety systems

Collision

Transport by sea/air

Hand tools

Storage

Machinery

Water jetting

Asphyxiation

Grit blasting

Cold/Heat

Loss of containment from nearby system

Mental Stress

Loss of containment from system being worked on

Ionising Radiation

Ignition

Chemical hazard

Fire

Inert gas

Explosion

Flammable gas

Structural damage

Flammable liquid

Personal injury

Electricity

Barriers/access restrictions

Static Electricity

Weather

Hazard Checklist - Isolations

Nature of fluid

Pressure stability of system and adjacent systems

Temperature stability of system and adjacent systems

H2S

Wax

Sand

LSA Scale

Hydrates

Foaming

Blockage

Trapped pressure

Type of valves and reliability

Size of pipe work

Integrity testing

Reverse flow

Pressure build-up

Migration from other systems

Inventory behind isolations

Duration of isolation

Adequacy of pipe supports

Fail position of ESD valves/blow down valves

Contingency in the event of failure of isolations

Environmental impact of spills or emissions

Electric Shock

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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Hazard Checklist - Breaking Containment

Note: This checklist should be used in conjunction with Hazard Checklist - Isolations.

Electrical risk of using portable tools

Flammable or toxic vapours arising from sludge in vessel

Hazardous substances trapped around bends, behind baffles, linings etc.

Chemical reactions with cleaning materials

Environmental impact of spills or emissions

LSA Scale

Pyrophoric scale

Asbestos gaskets

Trapped pressure

Residual pressure

Residual heat

Liquids remaining from flushing

Inert atmospheres

Chemical hazards

Hazard Checklist - Vessel Entry

Residual gases/vapours

Sludge which may give rise to vapours/gases when disturbed

LSA scale

Adequacy of ventilation

Need for air movers during entry.

Communication difficulties within the vessel or with the standby man

Standby man communication with the CCR

Ingress of gases/vapours from other nearby activities or systems

Use of mechanical tools/power tools/electrical equipment

Slip hazards within the vessel or at the point of entry

Ionising radiation; nucleonic instrumentation

Danger of falling into vessel boots or sumps

Noise, general

Noise when using power tools

Visibility within the vessel

Adequacy of lighting within the vessel

Temperature effects

Oxygen enrichment

Oxygen deficiency

Frequency of gas testing

Location of rescue kits

Competency of standby man

Disposal of vessel cleanings

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

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APPENDIX B: Risk Assessment Chart

HAZARD EFFECT RATING

Personal Injury

Fatality

Likely Permanent

Hospital Stay

DAFWC, Restricted Work

Simple First Aid Injury

Disability

Case, Medical Treatment

Property Damage

Major Loss >$5M

Significant Damage Loss

Moderate Damage Loss

Minor Loss $10k to $100k

Loss <$10k

$500k to $5M

$100k to $500k

Environmental Impact

Total Loss of

Significant Loss of

Minor Loss of

Slight Loss of

Containment

Containment. 100bbl,

Containment

Containment < 1bbl

Limited ability to control

> 100bbl only Workplace

< 100bbl only Workplace

affected

PROBABILITY

HIGH (H)

Event likely to occur more

than once per quarter

(FREQUENT)

MEDIUM (M)

Event likely to occur at

least once per year, but

less than quarterly

(PROBABLE)

LOW (L)

Event likely to occur less

than once per year

(OCCASIONAL)

SCORE

13 to 15

9 to 12

6 to 8

2 to 5

ACTION REQUIRED

Immediate action.

Plan controls to reduce risk

Monitor procedures and

Implement control

Prepare a plan to reduce

Task must not proceed.

further.

controls to ensure the risk is

measures to reduce the

the risk to the lowest level

Serious loss potential

Assess the priority and

maintained as low as

risk to the lowest level

reasonably practicable.

Task may proceed only with

agree implementation

reasonably practical.

reasonably practicable

additional controls in place

targets.

Take immediate action if

to avoid serious loss

standards are not met

Ensure additional controls

are implemented.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 27 of 37

APPENDIX D: Risk Assessment Flow-path

Task identified - Copy of existing TRA if

available

After site visit by the AA (Team Leader) and PA, the AA

decides the level of TRA required for the task

L1 TRA

L2 TRA

Is task L1 or L2 TRA

AA, PA and HSE team member visit work

site to identify all task hazards

Use hazard identification checklist.

TRA front sheet completed - Task details -

Complete the PTW hazard identification and

Team members and date

enter controls

Submit PTW to AA for review and arrange

TRA reviewed for sub-tasks, hazards,

site visit

hazard effect, existing controls, initial risk,

control measures, responsible persons,

residual risks and ALARP status

Are all hazards

Consider

identified and

L2 TRA

controlled, with correct

Have all hazards

level of TRA?

now been identified?

TRA?

YES

PTW and L1 TRA submitted for SM / SC /

PTW and TRA front and work sheets

OIM authorization

submitted to SM / SC / OIM for

authorization

PTW and L1 TRA

PTW and L2 TRA

approved?

AA issues PTW after face to face discussion with PA

YES (L1)

YES (L2)

At TBT, any more hazards

or controls identified?

Work completed as per PTW and TRA. Work must “STOP” if any new conditions introduce new hazards. Once

complete, TRA (if L2) to be stored and Lessons Learned reported to the AA (Team Leader)

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE CONTROLLED

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 28 of 37

APPENDIX E: Risk Hierarchy Examples

Examples

Elimination / Prohibition



Use of mechanical device instead of manual

handling



Maximum stacking height



Unauthorised personnel



Prohibit smoking, jewellery, mobile phones

Substitution



Solvent-based paint with water-based paint



Dusty powders with pastilles or pellets



Electric hand tools with compressed air



Reduction in size or weight of item

Engineering Controls



Local exhaust ventilation for e.g.:



Welding



Soldering



Grinding



Mechanical or electrical isolations



Lighting



Enclosure, e.g.:



Sealable containers



Noise enclosures for turbines or pumps

Segregation



Barrier or guard



Separate storage areas



Physical isolations (spade, lock-off)



Access controls

Reduction in Personnel or



Job or shift rotation

Time Exposure



Breaks



Hazardous work carried out at low activity periods

such as nights or weekends



Dispense dilute chemical



Increase airflow through work area



Automated feed process instead of manual

Personal Protective



Gloves

Equipment



Goggles



Face mask



Boots



Respiratory protective equipment



Chemical suits or gauntlets



Safety harness or inertia reel

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<Revision Date>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE CONTROLLED

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 29 of 37

APPENDIX F: Task Inspection Checklist (example)

Note: All control measures identified in the TRA should be identified in the checklist and

communicated during the pre-task Toolbox Talk.

SHOT BLASTING

FACILITY:

LOCATION:

Checklist

Yes

Comments

Is the method Statement and TRA available on work

site?

Is the Work Permit available?

Is shot blasting performed so that the prevailing wind

carries airborne dust away from any activity, persons and

equipment, etc?

Where dry shot blasting operations are being performed

on site, has all other activities in the area, especially

down wind, been suspended for the duration of the

operation?

Is all equipment in the vicinity of shot blasting operations

protected against impacting material and dust by

sheeting or other means?

When shot blasting in the vicinity of sensitive equipment,

such as electrical equipment, is the area totally enclosed

by sheeting or other means?

Is access by unauthorised persons prevented?

Are drains in the vicinity of shot blasting operations

covered?

Is only non-silica shot blasting medium used?

Are compressors and other equipment in good

mechanical condition?

Is the hose between the shot blasting machine and the

operator of sufficient length to ensure that the operative

feeding the machine with is clear of any dust arising from

the nozzle?

Is the nozzle of the hose fitted with a dead-man‟s

handle?

Is the nozzle earthed?

Are operatives wearing correct PPE including face

masks, hearing and eye protection?

Is efficient ventilation provided to remove airborne

contamination when work is performed in a confined

space?

Name

Signature

Date

Site Supervisor

Safety Officer

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<Revision Date>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE CONTROLLED

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 30 of 37

¾ That a Risk Assessment / RTC has been performed and a

Appendix G: Procedure Summary

Toolbox Talk conducted

Level 1

¾ That works are halted if an unsafe situation occurs

Level 1 is abroad overview of the task by the AA and PA to

TASK RISK ASSESSMENT

¾ That good housekeeping practices are implemented at the

identify any hazards involved and appropriate control

work area

measures which are required to be in place to allow the job to

¾ That work activities have been reviewed and pertinent

proceed.

Introduction

information exchanged with all other affected parties

It is a requirement of the PTW System employed within BP

Level 2

AzSPU that a Task Risk Assessment is carried out before any

Task Risk Assessment Team leader (AA) shall:

Level 2 is a formal quantitative assessment, which is required

Permits are issued. It is also a requirement of “Getting HSE

only when the AA(s) judge that there are greater hazards or

Right” and the

“Golden Rules of Safety” that the hazards

¾ Lead the team in performing a Level 2 RA

complexities associated with the task, which requires a more

associated with BP activities are identified and that the risks

¾ Ensure the team understand the assessment process

rigorous level of assessment. A team of 3 personnel (minimum)

are assessed and managed.

¾ Take responsibility for maintaining the quality of the TRA

carries out this assessment.

¾ Ensure that the assessment team includes personnel with

BP Golden Rules

all the necessary experience, knowledge and competence

All RA‟s require input from those who will be doing the work. In

Risk Assessment is not an explicit Golden rule on its own

for the task involved

addition, some Level 2 RA‟s may require the input of expertise

however, it is applicable to them all. The Golden Rules identify

¾ Ensure that the TRA includes a worksite visit

from outside the normal site / installation team.

the main areas where RA is paramount.

¾ Ensure that all members of the TRA team have a full

opportunity to contribute and that the details of the

Previously carried out Level 2 RA‟s can be used for repeat

Roles and Responsibilities

assessment are agreed by all team members

tasks as long as the details or the RA are reviewed to ensure

Site Manager

(SM)

/ Site Controller

(SC)

/ Offshore

¾ Ensure that the details of the assessment are accurately

that the scope of the task is still relevant and conditions have

Installation Manager (OIM) shall ensure:

recorded

not changed.

¾ That this procedure is strictly adhered to for all occasions

Auditing and Monitoring

There are 4 types of Level 2 Risk Assessment:

when it is identified that TRA‟s are to take place

Each Asset shall undertake internal audits of the operation of

¾ That formal records of all RA‟s are maintained in

the RA process as part of the Safe Systems of Work at each

¾ Normal

accordance with this procedure

site

/ installation. They shall maintain an audit register and

¾ Operational Risk Assessment (ORA)

¾ Periodic internal reviews and/or audits of TRA‟s

have in place a system for tracking recommendations.

¾ Stand Alone Risk Assessment (SARA)

¾ Appointing individuals to act as TRA Team Leaders to

¾ Isolation Risk Assessment (IRA)

facilitate the TRA process

The recommended frequency of Audit is as follows:

¾ The review of all Level 2 RA‟s

Normal Level 2 Risk Assessment

Supervisor / Area Authority

2 permits per week

Tasks identified below require a Normal Level 2 TRA to be

Note: It is incumbent on the SM / SC / OIM to request a higher

Safety Advisor

1 permit per week

performed. In the event a particular task is not listed but the

level of RA should they consider that risks have not been fully

SM / SC / OIM

1 permit per month

task has a significant risk, then the AA is to be consulted:

addressed.

Permit and RA audits should be a cross section of ongoing

¾ Confined Space Entry

Area Authority (AA) is responsible for ensuring:

activities.

¾ Work on flare systems

¾ Plugging or sealing

¾ The Level of RA required for the task

Competency, Training and Awareness

¾ Hot bolting

¾ Organising and participating in the RA process

All personnel involved in the use of the RA process shall be

¾ Working with asbestos

¾ That all persons are instructed on the requirements of RA,

trained and proven to be competent.

¾ Working at height without a scaffold or structure

conditions and any risks or hazards associated with the

¾ When minimum standards of Energy Isolation cannot be

work activity

The competency of all relevant personnel shall be established

achieved

¾ That the Performing Authority (PA) performs RA‟s and

during the planning process for a particular RA. The AA and/or

¾ Unconventional access (e.g. abseiling, crane baskets)

conducts Toolbox Talks associated with the work activity

Line Supervisor shall ensure that the personnel involved in the

¾ Proof Tests (initial hydro test where no design pressure

activity have the correct competencies through records or

exists)

Performing Authority (PA) shall ensure:

requesting individuals to produce relevant certification.

¾ Pneumatic Test (as alternative to hydro test up to 110 %

of design pressure)

¾ The compliance of all personnel under their supervision

Risk Assessment Levels

¾ Non-routine venting / draining / cleaning of equipment

with this procedure when involved in risk assessed

There are 2 levels of Risk Assessment defined within the

containing hazardous chemicals

activities

process:

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE CONTROLLED VERSION OF THIS DOCUMENT CAN BE FOUND AT

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 31 of 37

¾ There is an integrity issue (e.g. leaking) of part of an

Item

Issues to Consider

TASK RISK ASSESSMENT (cont

isolation

Time and

Will the task take one hour or multiple

¾ An alternative means of isolation must be resourced, i.e.

duration of work

shifts?

stopple bag, ice plug

Will the work be done during the day or

¾ Tasks which are unfamiliar, or which involve unfamiliar

methods of technologies

night or both?

Level 2 Risk Assessment Team

Tools and

Does the activity require hand tools,

¾ Heavy Lifts

¾ Diving Operations

The objective of the Level 2 RA is to assemble a team of

equipment to be

power tools, ladders, lifting equipment,

persons with intimate knowledge and expertise of the task and

used

etc.? Task-specific PPE

¾ Simultaneous Operations (SimOps)

in a structured way, examine all the hazards associated with

Interfaces with

How will your work affect other work

¾ Use of explosives

¾ Lifts over live process pipelines or process plant

the task, and then devise a set of controls which will ensure an

adjacent work-

going on at the same time? How will

¾ Tasks involving Ground Disturbance (excavations)

acceptable level of risk is achieved.

fronts

other work affect you?

¾ Where there is a significant potential for injury to people

The Level 2 assessment team shall be made up of a minimum

outside the site / installation boundary

Identifying the Hazards

of 3 persons and shall include:

¾ Hot work within 15m radius of hydrocarbons

A visit to the work site is “Mandatory” in order to assess the

¾ When any approved procedures cannot be followed

layout of the area, site conditions and adjacent plant and

¾ Task that may have specific hazards associated with

¾ The AA for the area in which the task will be carried out

activities. Once the members are all familiar with the scope of

who will act as the TRA Team leader

Energy Isolation

the task to be carried out, the team should list all the hazards

¾ The PA

¾ Tasks which are judged to be unusually complex (e.g. due

on the TRA work sheet.

¾ The person who will undertake the task, if not the PA

to the number of steps or interfaces)

¾ A specialist from inside and external to the operation as

The following “General, Isolations, Breaking Containment

Operational Risk Assessment

required

and Vessel Entry Checklists” are supplied as a guide for

¾ An HSE specialist who is responsible for ensuring that the

Operational Risk Assessments (ORA‟s) are associated with a

reference purposes only. They should

not be considered as

RA is carried out in accordance with this procedure and

piece of equipment or plant as opposed to being associated

being comprehensive:

for recording the results

with a specific task. Examples of a ORA are:

The Stages of Risk Assessment

¾ Operating a compressor with some instruments out of

service,

(e.g. vibration probe), where some additional

Hazard Checklist - General

Defining the Task to be Assessed - The TRA team must first

controls or monitoring is required to allow continued

Fall from height

Mental Stress

Noise

ensure that they fully understand the task and its implications.

operation of the compressor.

Manual Handling

Cold/Heat

Electricity

When defining the task, think about such aspects as:

¾ Reduction of deluge cover in an area of the installation

Lifting operations

Ionising

Pressure

where some additional controls

/ restrictions on work

would be applied to that particular area of the plant

Item

Issues to Consider

Radiation

System

What is the system being worked on?

Falling object

Inert gas

Biological agents

¾ Problem with a lifeboat where some alternative

boundaries

The extent of equipment, hardware, or

evacuation arrangements are in place

Noise

Chemical hazard

Welding/cutting

software affected by the activity. Will

Lighting

Access

Power tools

Stand Alone Risk Assessment

the work be carried out on isolated or

restrictions

SARA‟s are not task-related but still requires a level 2 RA to be

un-isolated systems? Where are the

isolations, or interfaces with other

Fume/dust

Loss of

Static Electricity

conducted. A SARA involves carrying out a RA, which may not

systems?

containment

be associated with either task or specific piece of equipment. It

Area or space

What area is affected by the activity?

Weather

Personal injury

Flammable

could, for example, involve performing a RA associated with a

boundaries

What area could be affected in an

liquid/gas

change in organisation or responsibilities.

accident?

Collision

Ignition

Transport by sea/air

Isolation Risk Assessment

Work activities

What do you have to do? What might

Hand tools

Fire

Storage

When an Energy Isolation-Process does not meet the standard

included

be the effect of doing it? Think about

as stipulated in procedure AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00049-2 a

isolations, inhibits, etc.

Level 2 RA is required. The RA should only be on the isolation

People affected

People; in the team, working nearby,

element of the task, and not the work task element. Examples

who might be passing by, working on

of when an IRA is required are:

related activities and working on

connected systems.

¾ Sufficient number of valves are not available to achieve

the level of isolation required

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE CONTROLLED VERSION OF THIS DOCUMENT CAN BE FOUND AT

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 32 of 37

Competency of standby

Disposal of vessel cleanings

DAFWC /

Minor

Minor Loss of

TASK RISK ASSESSMENT (cont)

man

Restricted

Loss $10k

Containment

Slip hazards within the

Noise when using power tools

Work

to $100k

< 100bbl only

Hazard Checklist - Isolations

vessel or at the point of

Case /

Workplace

entry

Medical

affected

Type of valves

H2S

Treatment

Electric Shock

Impact of spills or emissions

Identifying the Hazard Effects

Simple

Loss

Slight Loss of

Integrity testing

Pressure stability of system

The team must identify the Hazard Effects. Hazard Effects are

First Aid

<$10k

Containment <

Reverse flow

Failure of isolations

the worst credible possible outcome of the hazard. The team

Injury

1bbl

should be as explicit as possible in the Hazard Effect details. It

Fail position of ESD valves

Temperature stability of

is important to consider property damage and environmental

system

impact and not just personal injury. Examples are:

Existing Control Measures

Migration from any systems

Nature of fluid/grit/solids/gas

When doing a RA, it is normal to assume that no controls are in

Inventory behind isolations

Blockage

place. For many tasks, some controls may be known before

Task

Hazard

Effect

Adequacy of pipe supports

Trapped pressure

the RA, and it is not realistic to think of the work being done

Move temporary oil

Slipping/tripping

sprain, graze

without these controls.

decanting hoses to

hazard

broken foot

Hazard Checklist - Breaking Containment

new storage

Dropped object

bone

Existing control measures may include:

Electrical risk of using

Chemical reactions with

cupboard.

portable tools

cleaning materials

Decant methanol

Flammable and

Burns

¾ Procedures, operating guidelines (supported by a valid

Hazardous substances

Flammable or toxic vapours

risk assessment

trapped around bends,

arising from sludge in vessel

from temporary

Toxic by

Fatality

¾ Energy Isolation Confirmation Certificate

(including

skid on deck to

inhalation &

behind baffles, linings etc.

storage tanks

swallowing.

P&ID‟s)

Trapped pressure

Chemical reactions with

¾ Entry Certificate

cleaning materials

Welding of new

Fire / explosion

Multiple

¾ Scaffolding request; and

Impact of spills/emissions

Residual pressure

earthing point in

in hydrocarbon

fatality, Plant

¾ Other risk assessments such as manual handling, LSA /

live operational

area

shut down

LSA Scale

Residual heat

NORM scale

area

Pyrophoric scale

Liquids remaining from flushing

Evaluating the Risk

Asbestos gaskets

Inert atmospheres

The following table shall be used to determine the “Hazard

The risks created by each hazard on the list should be

Note: This checklist should be used in conjunction with

Effect”:

evaluated according to the worst credible severity of the hazard

Hazard Checklist - Isolations.

effects, should anything go wrong, and the probability of the

hazard being realised and resulting in the specified hazard

Personal

Property

Environmental

Effect

Hazard Checklist - Vessel Entry

effect.

Injury

Damage

Rating

Residual gases/vapours

Noise, general

Fatality

Major

Total Loss of

Probability Guidelines

Sludge giving rise to

Communication difficulties within

Loss

Containment

vapours/gases

the vessel or with the standby

>$5M

man

PROBABILITY

RATING

Likely

Significant

Significant Loss

LSA / NORM scale

Adequacy of lighting in the vessel

Event likely to occur more than once per

Permanent

Damage

of Containment.

HIGH

Adequacy of ventilation

Temperature effects

quarter

Disability

Loss

100bbl, Limited

(H)

(FREQUENT)

Need for air movers

Oxygen enrichment

$500k to

ability to control

Location of rescue kits

Oxygen deficiency

$5M

Event likely to occur at least once per year, but

MEDIUM

less than quarterly

Standby man

Frequency of gas testing

Hospital

Moderate

Significant Loss

(M)

(PROBABLE)

communication with the

Stay

Damage

of Containment

CCR

Loss

> 100bbl only

Event likely to occur less than once per year

LOW

Ingress of

Use of mechanical tools/power

$100k to

Workplace

(OCCASIONAL)

(L)

gases/vapours from

tools/electrical equipment

$500k

affected

nearby activities or

systems

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE CONTROLLED VERSION OF THIS DOCUMENT CAN BE FOUND AT

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 33 of 37

¾ Reduce exposure to the hazard

TASK RISK ASSESSMENT (cont)

Control

Typical Examples

¾ Substitute the hazard with an alternative with a lower

Measure

hazard rating

The Hazard Effect and Probability are then used to determine

¾ Isolate the hazard from people

inventory.

the Risk using the following Risk Matrix:

¾ Control the hazard by introducing suitable measures; e.g.

Contingency

Temporary refuge, emergency

PTW system

(Mitigation)

response system, fire/blast wall, water

HAZARD EFFECT

¾ Protect personnel with PPE

(personal protective

curtain, provision of PPE, rescue

equipment) however, PPE shall however be considered

equipment, etc.

as a last resort when all other control measures have

been considered

Allocating Responsibilities for Control Actions

Once the control measures have been identified, each control

Typical Control

Measures can be placed in the following

measure must be allocated to an individual. The RA may be

categories:

completed some time before the actual work task taking place,

therefore the delegated individual may change. Where

Control

Typical Examples

possible, identify a specific individual.

Measure

Physical

Removal of fuses; Insert spade or blank

Re-evaluation of Risks for Acceptability

The initial assessment of risk is to be determined on the basis

flange in pipe work; Lock off valve;

The risk assessment team shall re-evaluate the risk for all

that no specific control measures exist. This is in order that the

Erect mechanical barrier; Use locked

those hazards for which extra safeguards have been

full risk potential may be recognised. The effectiveness of the

determined. The new risk levels shall be as low as reasonably

enclosure; Keep people at a distance

assessment will depend entirely on the team‟s ability to identify

(e.g., signs, warning tape); Eliminate or

practicable (ALARP).

and evaluate all significant hazards associated with the task.

substitute toxic substances; Substitute

If the risk is not as low as reasonably practicable, the risk

noisy machinery; Use mechanical

assessment shall consider what additional control measures

This team shall also consider the possibility of the interaction of

handling equipment.

are required. If at this stage any hazard has a high risk against

different hazards, including those related to:

Procedural

Test for pressure build-up or leaks;

it in the Final Risk column of the risk assessment sheet, the

¾ Location, paying attention to the proximity of other plant,

Examination of flushing fluid; Test for

task in its present form shall be abandoned.

machinery and equipment such as air intakes, shutdown

hazardous chemicals in liquid, solid or

The risk assessment team shall finally decide on the

systems, control points, vents, drains, sample points,

gaseous form; Procedure for control of

acceptability of the overall remaining risk for the task. Individual

ignition sources etc.

simultaneous or adjacent work;

hazards with a medium risk may be acceptable provided the

¾ Critical activities including work at height, isolation,

Prohibition of hot work; Equipment lock-

overall risk of the task is considered low. If the risk assessment

flushing, inerting, confined space entry, hot work, lifting

out; Develop contingency plan,

team considers that even with the safeguards in place, there

operations, use of power tools, temporary power and air

Human

Use of independent specialist

are too many hazards that still have a medium risk, this shall

supplies, pressure testing, radiography etc.

personnel; Regular or constant

be recorded and the task in its present form shall be

¾ Simultaneous activities such as work adjacent to, above,

monitoring of the Task; Use of method

abandoned.

below, inside etc.

statements / detailed procedures; Clear

instructions and warnings to workforce;

As a final check, the team should ask itself the following

Determine the Additional Controls Required

Clear definitions of roles and

questions about the proposed task:

The risk assessment team shall next address the hazards

responsibilities during the Task;

identified and determine the control measures necessary to be

¾ Have all necessary control measures been fully and

Adequate supervision; Ensure

implemented to reduce the risks to an acceptable level.

effectively identified?

competency of personnel for the activity

¾ Is there a need for engineering change to eliminate or

Risk levels are determined as being low, medium, or high.

Time

Limit duration of the Task or time of day

reduce risk?

Risks determined as “low” at this stage need not be considered

when the activity occurs; Use time-

¾ Is there a need to shutdown plant or process?

further unless control measures can be implemented that are

saving measures such as hot-bolting,

¾ Is the “Residual risk” rating acceptable?

simple and cost effective in further reducing or eliminating the

good work-site preparation and

risk.

planning for the movement of materials,

Only at this point can the team judge whether ALARP has been

tools.

achieved.

For all other risk levels control measures shall be agreed and

Contingency

Emergency shutdown, deluge and

implemented utilizing the following hierarchy:

(Control)

blow-down systems, reduction of

¾ Eliminate the hazard to remove the risk

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE CONTROLLED VERSION OF THIS DOCUMENT CAN BE FOUND AT

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 34 of 37

Keys to the success of this step are:

Recording the Risk Assessment

TASK RISK ASSESSMENT (cont)

Where the task is likely to be repeated, a record of the RA

¾ Communication of the task, the hazards and what must be

should, at the Permit issuer‟s direction, be retained for future

The following table gives guidance for the residual risk criteria:

done to control them to every person involved in the task

reference. In any event RA‟s, which include hazards to health

¾ Language is critical, especially in complex technical tasks

of those undertaking the task must be attached to the permit(s)

SCORE

ACTION REQUIRED

¾ Everyone understands everything discussed

for the job and retained for 12 months

13 to 15

Immediate action.

¾ Everyone has the opportunity to voice concerns

Task must not proceed.

Serious loss potential.

Some example topics to cover as part of the Toolbox Talk are:

Task may proceed only with additional

Issue

Notes

controls in place to avoid serious loss.

The current



Weather

9 to 12

Plan controls to reduce the risk further.

weather



Sea State

conditions

Assess the priority and agree implementation

The work party



Competence and experience

targets.



Familiarity with the installation

6 to 8

Monitor procedures and controls to ensure

and the system being worked on

the risk is maintained as low as reasonably



Anyone fatigued or distracted

practical.

The worksite



Access

Take immediate action if standards are not



Awkward working position

met. Ensure additional controls are



Temperature/humidity

implemented.



Lighting

2 to 5

Implement control measures to reduce the

The current



Physical condition of plant and

risk to the lowest level reasonably

state of the plant

equipment

practicable.

and equipment



Current operating status of plant

Prepare a plan to reduce the risk to the

and equipment

lowest level reasonably practicable.

The current



Can this job affect other work

adjacent work

sites

Toolbox talks

sites



Can other work sites affect this

Toolbox talks will be carried out for all tasks, whether they are

job

Level 1 or Level 2 Risk Assessments.

The pre-defined



Are they as per written

precautions and

instructions, risk assessments,

A Toolbox Talk is a vital part of the process to ensure that the

controls

PTW, etc

TRA and its associated documents are reviewed prior to the

start of the job and are fully understood by all persons involved

in the task.

Approval

On completion of the Risk Assessment, the Risk Assessment

Particular emphasis should be placed on those Residual risks

Form shall be attached to the permit application for the job. It

with a higher rating. It is also an opportunity for those involved

shall be reviewed and signed by the AA before he approves

in the work to raise any further concerns about the job and to

the associated Permit(s) to Work.

identify any hazards not picked up in the TRA process.

Should the Area Authority feel that the task presents risks

beyond his level of accountability, he shall refer to the SM / SC

Note: If anyone at this stage identifies some additional hazards

/ OIM for guidance, and if necessary request a more

that have not been properly assessed the job should not

sophisticated analysis of the risks and mitigation than can be

proceed until the TRA has been re-evaluated.

provided by the method described in this procedure

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE CONTROLLED VERSION OF THIS DOCUMENT CAN BE FOUND AT

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Procedure for Task Risk Assessment

Page 36 of 37

Revision/Review Log

Revision Date

Authority

Custodian

Revision Details

09 Sept 2004

CHSSE Manager

CHSSE Team

Initial issue as controlled document

Leader

18 June 2007

Alan McNulty

Esmira

General:

(CHSSE Manager)

Akhundova

Throughout the procedure the document

(CHSSE Team

numbering for referred procedures has been

Leader)

changed.

Section 1. Introduction:

Inclusion of 1.2 Scope, 1.3 Company

Requirements, 1.4 Stopping Unsafe Work, 1.5

Deviations, 1.6 Document Review, 1.10 SSOW

Specific Cross References (new doc control

numbers).

Section 2. Responsibilities:

Is now “Definitions”

Section 3. Auditing and Monitoring:

Is now “Roles and Responsibilities”. Additions

to the responsibilities of SM, SC, OIM, Area

Authority, Performing Authority and Employees.

Section 4. Is now Auditing & Monitoring:

Heading - Each business asset shall;

Installation has been added after site in the first

bullet point. The recommended frequency of

Audit for supervisor / Area Authority changed to

a minimum of 2 per week. OIM entered into the

third bullet point of the second paragraph.

Section 5. Risk Assessment Levels:

Is now “Competency, Training and Awareness”.

5.3 Records: Added to paragraph - “Risk

Assessments shall be uniquely numbered and

retained (preferably in electronic format).”.

Section 6. Is now Risk Assessment Levels:

6.1 General, The word significant removed

from the first bullet point. 6.3.1 Table 1:

Classification of Heavy Lift incorporated. 6.4

Level 2 Risk Assessment Team, Third

paragraph. Removed the words, "and consist of

persons having intimate knowledge and

experience of the task or equipment to be

used". Added to bullet point one "who will act

as TRA Team Leaders". 6.4.1”Normal Level 2

Risk Assessment”, 4 additional bullet points

added.

Section 7. The Stages of Risk Assessment:

Hazard Checklists moved to Appendix A of the

procedure. Added to Hazard Checklist -

Isolations: Electric Shock. 7.1.1 L1RA: Added -

“recorded in box 1 of the permit”. 7.5 Evaluate

the Risk: - Probability Guidelines re-worded.

7.8 “Re-evaluate the Risks for Acceptability”.

The table giving guidance for the residual risk

criteria changed to reflect the Risk Matrix in

7.5. 7.10 “Task Inspection Checklist” is an

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<18 June 2007>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 2 of 37

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1.1

PURPOSE

1.2

SCOPE

1.3

LEGISLATION & STANDARDS

1.4

WORKING AT HEIGHTS GOLDEN RULES OF SAFETY

1.5

COMPANY REQUIREMENTS

1.6

STOPPING UNSAFE WORK

1.7

DEVIATIONS

1.8

DOCUMENT REVIEW

1.9

SSOW SPECIFIC CROSS REFERENCES

1.10

LANGUAGE FACILITATION

1.11

PROCEDURE SUMMARY

DEFINITIONS

RESPONSIBILITIES

3.1

SITE MANAGER (SM)/SITE CONTROLLER (SC)/OFFSHORE INSTALLATION MANAGER (OIM)7

3.2

AREA AUTHORITY (AA)

3.3

PERFORMING AUTHORITY (PA)

3.4

EMPLOYEES

3.5

WORKING AT HEIGHT EQUIPMENT CONTROLLER

REQUIREMENT TO WORK AT HEIGHT

4.1

DEFINITION OF WORK AT HEIGHT

4.2

PRINCIPLES OF WORKING AT HEIGHTS AND HIERARCHY OF RISK

4.3

RISK ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING

4.4

FRAGILE SURFACES

WORK EQUIPMENT

5.1

MEANS OF ACCESS OR EGRESS AT HEIGHT

5.2

REQUIREMENTS FOR WORKING PLATFORMS

5.3

REQUIREMENTS FOR COLLECTIVE SAFEGUARDS FOR ARRESTING FALLS

5.4

REQUIREMENTS FOR MOBILE ELEVATED WORK PLATFORMS

5.5

REQUIREMENTS FOR SCAFFOLDS

5.6

REQUIREMENTS FOR LADDERS

5.7

PERSONAL FALL PROTECTION SYSTEMS

5.7.1

Shallow Sloped Roofs

5.7.2

Work Positioning

5.7.3

Rope Access and Positioning Systems

5.7.4

Fall Arrest

COMPONENTS OF FALL ARREST SYSTEMS

6.1

LANYARDS AND ENERGY ABSORBERS

6.2

INERTIA REELS

6.3

HARNESSES

6.3.1

Selection

6.3.2

Sit / Chest Harness Combination

6.3.3

Attachment of the Lanyard

6.4

HELMETS

6.5

ANCHOR POINTS

6.6

ANCHORAGE SLINGS / STROPS

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 4 of 37

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1

PURPOSE

The purpose of this document is to describe the procedures and precautions which

shall be implemented, to ensure that hazards and risks associated with all work

activities at height are either eliminated or mitigated, to ensure safe operations and

safety of personnel, plant and equipment

1.2

SCOPE

The contents of this procedure are applicable to all BP owned and managed sites /

installations in Azerbaijan and Georgia. Contractors working on BP owned or

managed sites / installations are also responsible for alignment with this procedure.

This document does not replace the procedures prepared and adopted by specialist

contractors. Neither does it supersede any national and local regulatory

requirements.

This procedure contributes to compliance with the “HSE expectations” contained in

“getting HSE right”, the „Golden Rules of Safety‟ and the Control of Work (CoW)

standard that the Hazards associated with BP activities are identified and that the

risks are assessed and managed.

All guidelines contained shall be regarded as the minimum requirements for BP

owned or managed sites / installations in Azerbaijan and Georgia.

The scope covers defined activities of BP and Contractors at all BP AzSPU sites and

installations.

1.3

LEGISLATION & STANDARDS

The aim of this Safe System of Work is to achieve” “no accidents”, “no harm to

people” and “no damage to the environment”. To achieve this aim, this SSOW

complies with National Legislation, the terms of the Production Sharing Agreement

(PSA) and mandatory BP Standards.

The best International Oil Industry practice and relevant goal setting legislation have

been adopted to reduce the level of risk to as low as reasonably practicable and

therefore well below that mandated by applicable statutory laws and regulations.

In the absence of local regulations, BP Group Standards will apply. In addition,

appropriate UK and US regulations and industry best practice have been considered

in setting suitable goals and targets.

1.4

WORKING AT HEIGHTS GOLDEN RULES OF SAFETY

Working at Heights is one of BP‟s Golden Rules of Safety and states:

Working at heights should be avoided if possible, but when it is necessary, falls

should be prevented using measures in the following order of preference:

¾ Permanently installed access e.g. gantries, walkways

¾ A temporary working platform with full edge and falling object protection e.g.

scaffolding, mobile platforms

¾ A fall prevention system such as a tether or restraining system

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 5 of 37

¾ Fall arrest techniques

When working at heights of 2 metres (6 feet) or higher above the ground:

¾ All systems used must have been designed, verified and tested by a

competent person.

¾ An approved procedure / method of working must be used or a permit issued

If a fall arrest harness system is used, it must have:

¾ A proper anchor, mounted preferably overhead

¾ Full body harness using double latch self locking snap hooks at each

connection

¾ Synthetic fibre lanyards, a shock absorber and limit free fall to 2 metres (6

feet) or less

¾ Been visually inspected before use, with any equipment that has been

damaged or activated taken out of service

¾ A means of rescue available that has been proved effective

1.5

COMPANY REQUIREMENTS

It is a company requirement that all tasks are subjected to an assessment of risk to

demonstrate that risks have been reduced to as low a level as reasonably practicable

(ALARP). This can be achieved by complying with the Company‟s existing standards.

Where compliance with Company standards cannot reasonably be achieved, a

formal level 2 Risk Assessment will be undertaken to identify any additional controls

and demonstrate that risks remain as low as reasonably practicable. Whether by

compliance with Company Standards or through level 2 Risk Assessment, the

Company‟s Golden Rules of Safety must be complied with. Golden Rules are non-

negotiable.

1.6

STOPPING UNSAFE WORK

To stop the continuation of potentially unsafe work at the earliest possible stage, the

Control of Work (CoW) Policy and this procedure for Working at Heights make it very

clear that all personnel are obliged and have the authority to “STOP” the work that

they consider to be unsafe.

1.7

DEVIATIONS

This procedure is written in sufficient detail that it should be able to be applied

consistently at all sites / installations. There may still be the requirement for some

local rules covering site / installation specific logistical/administrative arrangements

and local variations in responsibilities to reflect differences in organisational

arrangements. These local rules should not deviate from the core processes within

this document. Any form of deviation from this procedure, including but not limited to

local rules, shall be requested and authorised in accordance with SSOW, Deviations

from Regulations and Procedures (Doc. No: AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00011-2).

1.8

DOCUMENT REVIEW

This document will be reviewed on an annual basis when users from the sites /

installations will have an opportunity to propose changes to the existing processes

and procedures. The document Technical Authority will be responsible for

coordinating this review.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 6 of 37

1.9

SSOW SPECIFIC CROSS REFERENCES

This procedure shall, where appropriate, be used in conjunction with this suite of

AzSPU Procedures referenced below.

Document Number

Title of Procedure

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00011-2

Deviations from Regulations and Procedures

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00060-2

Permit To Work

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00063-2

Task Risk Assessment

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00062-2

Scaffolding

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00059-2

Man Riding Baskets

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00061-2

Personal Protective Equipment

AZSPU-HSSE-DOC- 00002-2

BP Control of Work Standards

1.10

LANGUAGE FACILITATION

Due to the various languages spoken at sites / installations, there is a necessity to

assist all with “an ease of understanding”. Therefore, the development and use of

information tools are available.

1.11

PROCEDURE SUMMARY

A Procedure Summary has been developed in a form of a leaflet, which can be

carried by the Line Supervisors while conducting their day-to-day work tasks. The

Leaflet summarizes the contents of this procedure for Working at Heights. The

Procedure Summary can also be used as a guideline for Line Supervisors to deliver

their daily toolbox talk. (See Appendix D)

2 DEFINITIONS

Site Manager

Site Controller

OIM

Offshore Installation Manager

Area Authority

Performing Authority

ALARP

As Low as Reasonably Practicable

CoW

Control of Work

L2RA

Level 2 Risk Assessment

PTW

Permit to Work

SSOW

Safe System of Work

TRA

Task Risk Assessment

TBT

Toolbox Talk

gHSEr

Getting HSE Right

AzSPU

Azerbaijan Strategic Performance Unit

PSA

Production Sharing Agreement

MEWP

Mobile Elevated Work Platform

IRATA

Industrial Rope Access Trade Association

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 7 of 37

3 RESPONSIBILITIES

3.1 SITE MANAGER (SM) / SITE CONTROLLER (SC) / OFFSHORE INSTALLATION

MANAGER (OIM)

BP and its Site Management Teams have a duty to ensure that everyone engaged in

any work at height activity, including any specialist contractor, is competent to do so

(or, if being trained, are supervised by a Competent Person). They shall ensure that:

¾ The necessary systems and procedures are in place to manage and control

work at height operations onsite including audit of the process

¾ Where third-party procedures and guidelines require to be used, that they

have been deemed appropriate

¾ Roles and responsibilities for all personnel associated with these regimes are

clear and understood

3.2

AREA AUTHORITY (AA)

Area Authorities shall familiarise themselves with the procedures and other

arrangements in place to mitigate the risks involved in work at height. They are

responsible for:

¾ Ensuring that the appropriate hazards and controls have been identified for

planned tasks

¾ Ensuring that the appropriate level of risk assessment has been carried out,

and they liaise closely with Performing Authorities to ensure all appropriate

hazards and controls have been identified for the task

¾ Liaising with the person with working at height expertise

(i.e. Scaffold

Foreman, Services Team Leader and Equipment Controller) to ensure that all

personnel involved with working at height activity have the necessary

qualifications/training to implement the type of work being performed

¾ Ensuring that work activities are planned in such a way that they do not

conflict with or have an adverse affect on other activities in the vicinity of the

work area

¾ Ensuring worksite inspections are carried out before any activities are

performed at height.

3.3

PERFORMING AUTHORITY (PA)

Performing Authorities are responsible for:

¾ Identifying the hazards and control measures for the planned task

Participating in Level 1 and Level 2 Risk Assessments, if and when required

Carrying out the Toolbox briefing just prior to the task being implemented

Ensuring that people involved in the task fully understand the scope of the

work and the hazards and controls for the job

Ensuring adequate handovers take place at shift and at crew change

periods

with the oncoming Performing Authority

3.4

EMPLOYEES

All employees, whether working at height or exposed to other activities being

performed at height, are responsible for ensuring they are sufficiently competent for

the work they are performing, for adhering to safe working procedures, and for

ensuring the safety of themselves and others. Employers must be notified of any

medical conditions which may affect working at height safely.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 8 of 37

3.5

WORKING AT HEIGHT EQUIPMENT CONTROLLER

Work restraint, work positioning and fall arrest equipment needs to be controlled by a

competent person.

This person shall be named by the site controller and is normally also responsible for

the issue and control of lifting equipment.

He / she will be responsible for:

¾ Inspecting and maintaining all work restraint, work positioning or fall arrest

equipment

¾ Maintaining a register of and issuing all work restraint, work positioning or fall

arrest equipment to competent personnel.

The Working at Height Equipment Controller is “not” normally responsible for the

control issue and maintenance of rope access equipment unless they have been

deemed competent by the specialist contractor.

4 REQUIREMENT TO WORK AT HEIGHT

The guidelines in this document only reduce the risks involved with working at height

to a point where they are as low as reasonably practicable. They do not remove the

risks entirely. For this reason, wherever possible, every effort shall be made to

minimise the need for personnel to work at elevated positions.

In addition, all personnel have an obligation to “STOP” any activity that they believe

to be unsafe.

4.1

DEFINITION OF WORK AT HEIGHT

Work at height should no longer be considered as an activity over 2m.

Personnel are advised that, work at height now means any place from which -

if preventive measures were not taken

- a person could fall and injure

themselves, including a place at or below ground level or in the course of

gaining access or egress from any place, except by a staircase in a permanent

workplace.

This procedure requires personnel to take a risk-based approach to working at

height.

When considering acceptability of exposure, a hierarchy of risk must be adopted

whereby work at height should be avoided so far as is reasonably practicable; if work

at height must proceed, precautions should be taken that so far as reasonably

practicable, prevent anyone from falling a distance liable to cause personal injury.

The BP Golden Rule covering work at height currently still defines work at

height as 2m or higher above the ground. This procedure is not intended to

replace this golden rule.

4.2

PRINCIPLES OF WORKING AT HEIGHTS AND HIERARCHY OF RISK

Work at height is generally an activity with well-established procedures of good

practice that can be followed to carry out work safely. If work must be carried out at

height, then risk assessments are required to ensure suitable and sufficient

measures can be taken to prevent any person falling, or otherwise causing personal

injury:

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 9 of 37

¾ Avoid the risk, where it is reasonably practicable to carry out the work safely

other than at a height

¾ Prevent falls, where there is no safe alternative to work at height.

¾ Mitigate the consequences of a fall where the risk of people or objects still

remains. Risk assessments must define measures to minimise the distance

and consequences of such falls

(i.e. the selection and use of work

equipment).

¾ Collective measures (guardrails, nets, mats and inflated devices) should be

preferred over personal protective measures (e.g. fall arrest equipment).

Local arrangements and support for emergency response and rescue may also need

to be evaluated.

The phrase „hierarchy of risk‟ is often used when discussing fall protection. This can

be considered as a scale of preference, based on risk and practicality, where certain

measures to prevent workers falling are deemed less risky and therefore more

desirable than others.

The top of the hierarchy of risk is the installation of permanent fixed access

such as walkways and gantries. This is appropriate where a site must be accessed

on a regular basis for routine maintenance. Once measures have been taken to

avoid a fall (e.g. by providing a properly constructed scaffold with guardrails) there is

no need to take further action, i.e. by providing nets. However, if a guardrail has been

temporarily removed or if the area is being inspected for initial use (i.e. walkways

onboard a normally unmanned platform), this would need to be addressed. Restraint

devices or other suitable Personal Protective Equipment

(PPE), and additional

supervision, may also be required.

Second in the hierarchy is the installation of temporary working platforms,

including scaffolding (which has its own risk implications in the construction phase),

cradles or mobile platforms. Factors such as the duration and nature of the task must

be considered when accessing the practicality and cost effectiveness of a major

temporary structure. For some tasks, e.g. installation of steelwork, the access

method may actually interfere with the smooth running of the job.

Where neither of the above options is practical, then the use of personal

suspension equipment and work positioning techniques may be adopted.

Where neither are practical use work restraints. The main consideration is the

practicality of carrying out the required task from suspension equipment.

The least desirable in the hierarchy of risk is the use of fall arrest equipment to

catch a falling worker. It is often difficult to accurately predict the level of risk to the

worker during the operation, but it is important to remember that PPE always „fails to

danger‟. The implications of a fall are very much dependent on the location of the fall,

obstructions that may be hit during a fall, and the capabilities of other workers to

rescue a fallen and injured worker.

4.3

RISK ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING

The majority of falls from height result from failures of organisation or

planning, e.g. selecting inappropriate and poorly maintained work equipment.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 10 of 37

In order to be practical adopt a risk based approach to ensure that the measures

taken are proportionate to the risk involved. Within this framework, the employer

must:

¾ Assess the risks to identify and address hazards before the work

commences.

¾ Follow the hierarchy for safe work at heights - avoid, prevent, mitigate - and

give priority to collective measures over personal protection measures.

¾ Make use of appropriate work equipment, taking account of the following:

o The working conditions and the risks to the safety of persons at the place

where the work equipment is to be used

o In the case of work equipment for access and egress, the distance to be

negotiated

o The distance and consequences of a potential fall.

o The duration and frequency of use.

o The need for easy and timely evacuation and rescue in an emergency.

o Any additional risk posed by the use, installation or removal of that work

equipment or by evacuation and rescue from it.

¾ Plan and organise work properly taking account of weather conditions and the

possibility of emergencies.

¾ Make sure those working at height are competent.

¾ Manage the risks from working on or around fragile surfaces and from falling

objects

¾ Inspect and maintain the work equipment to be used and inspect the place

where the work will be carried out.

It must be ensured that any surface from which work at height is to be carried out is

sufficiently strong and stable to support foreseeable loads. Risk assessments need to

consider that, while the surface may support a person‟s weight, it may prove fragile

once the weight of the load or any additional falling force is taken into account. If the

work requires regular or occasional access where there is a fragile surface, then

permanent fencing, guards or other measures to prevent falls should be in place.

All work at height will be risk assessed prior to any work commencing as per the

flowchart, and equipment shall be selected as appropriate.

Necessary actions identified in the risk assessment to control risks should be

proportionate to the risk of harm and reflect what is reasonably practicable.

4.4

FRAGILE SURFACES

No person at work should pass across or near a fragile surface. Nor should they

work on, from or near a fragile surface where it is reasonably practicable to carry out

work safely by another means. If it is not practicable, the following precautions must

be taken:

IS YOUR WORK CONSIDERED TO BE CARRIED OUT AT HEIGHT?

IF YOU ARE WORKING ABOVE GROUND LEVEL, OR CLOSE TO AN EXPOSED EDGE

OVER WHICH YOU COULD FALL, THEN YOU WILL NEED TO MAKE THE FOLLOWING

ASSESSMENT:

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 11 of 37

IS THERE A RISK

OF A PERSON FALLING A

DISTANCE LIABLE TO

CAUSE PERSONAL INJURY?

YES

PERFORM THE TASK

IN A SAFE MANNER

IS IT REASONABLY

PRACTICABLE TO

SAFELY CARRY OUT

THE WORK , OTHER

THAN AT HEIGHT?

YES

CAN PLATFORMS,

PERFORM THE TASK

NETS ETC BE

IN A SAFE MANNER FROM

USED?

YES

THE GROUND

CAN YOU

PREVENT THE

FALL?

EMPLOY PERSONAL

Rescue /

PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Recovery Plan

TO SET UP A FALL ARREST

YES

SYSTEM

(Perform the task in a safe manner)

PERFORM TASK

EMPLOY PERSONAL

FROM SAFE WORKING

PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

PLATFORMS WITH GUARDRAILS

TO SET UP RESTRAINT

USE A COLLECTIVE FALL

ASSESS THE

PROTECTION

RISK OF BEING

SYSTEM

SUSPENDED IN

e.g. air bags, netting etc

A HARNESS

REMEMBER IF YOU USE A WORK

RESTRAINT OR GUARDRAILS, YOU WILL

HAVE:

• NO FALLS

Inertia reel?

Lanyard & shock

• NO SUSPENSION ISSUES

absorber?

• NO RESCUE ISSUES

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5 WORK EQUIPMENT

5.1

MEANS OF ACCESS OR EGRESS AT HEIGHT

To determine if a place of work at height is safe, the criteria listed below must be

checked. If it meets these criteria, work may be carried out from the platform without

the need to use work equipment to make it safe:

Stable and of sufficient strength and rigidity for the purpose for which it is

intended to be or is being used

¾ Resting on a stable, sufficiently strong surface

¾ Of sufficient dimensions to permit the safe passage of persons and the safe

use of any equipment or materials requiring to be used, and to provide a safe

working area with regard to the work to be carried out there

¾ Provided with suitable and sufficient edge protection to prevent risk to others

¾ Devoid of gaps through which any material or object could fall and injure a

person or through which a person could fall

¾ Constructed, used and inspected, and maintained to prevent, so far as

reasonably practicable, the risk of slipping or tripping, or any person being

caught between it and any adjacent structure

¾ Prevented by appropriate devices, where it has moving parts, from moving

inadvertently during work at height.

If these criteria‟s cannot be met, then further precautions will be required to protect

personnel.

5.2

REQUIREMENTS FOR WORKING PLATFORMS

Working platforms are defined as „any platform used in a place of work or as a

means of access to or egress from a place of work‟. It includes any scaffold,

suspended scaffold, cradle, mobile platform, trestle, gangway, gantry and stairway.

All working platforms should:

¾ Rest on a stable surface of suitable composition and strength to support the

structure and any loads intended to be placed upon it

¾ In the case of a wheeled structure, any supporting structure must be

prevented by appropriate devices from inadvertently moving during work at a

height

n other cases, any supporting structure must be prevented from slipping by

secure attachment to the bearing surface or to another structure

¾ When erecting, modifying, dismantling a „working‟ platform and its supporting

structure it should be done in such a way as to ensure it remains stable and

avoids accidental displacement.

¾ A working platform and its supporting structure must never be loaded in a way

to give rise to a risk of collapse.

5.3

REQUIREMENTS FOR COLLECTIVE SAFEGUARDS FOR ARRESTING FALLS

Collective safeguards for arresting falls include nets, mats and inflated devices that

are designed to catch a falling person. When using this equipment, follow the

manufacturer‟s instructions. A safeguard shall only be used if:

¾ A risk assessment has demonstrated that the work activity can so far as

reasonably practicable be performed safely while using it and without

affecting its effectiveness

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¾ The use of other, safer work equipment is not reasonably practicable

¾ Sufficient number of persons have received adequate training specific to the

safeguard, including rescue procedures

¾ A safeguard shall be suitable and of sufficient strength to arrest safely the fall

of any person who is liable to fall.

A safeguard shall:

¾ In the case of a safeguard which is designed to be attached, be securely

attached to all the required anchors, and the anchors and the means off

attachment thereto shall be suitable and of sufficient strength and stability for

the purposes of safely supporting the foreseeable loading in arresting any fall

and during the subsequent rescue

In the case of an airbag, landing mat or similar safeguard, be stable.

In the case of a safeguard that distorts (such as a net) in arresting a fall,

afford sufficient clearance.

When applying any safeguard, steps should be taken to ensure, so far as reasonably

practicable, that in the event of a fall, the safeguard itself does not cause injury.

When an external power source is required (such as a pump for an airbag) or

restraints

(such as brickwork enclosing bags) to make it effective, these power

sources or restraints must be sufficient to maintain the effectiveness of the

equipment in the event of a fall and rescue.

5.4

REQUIREMENTS FOR MOBILE ELEVATED WORK PLATFORMS

Mobile Elevated Work Platforms (MEWP‟s) can provide a safe place of working at

height, but precautions need to be taken to minimise the risks of users falling from or

being thrown from the basket or impact with other equipment.

The precautions for safe work from a MEWP include:

¾ A guard rail, with mid rail and toe-boards round the edge of the basket

¾ A slip resistant floor

¾ Dead-man controls

¾ Stability device, e.g. outriggers that are interlocked such that the MEWP will

not operate unless they are fully extended

¾ Locking-out controls to prevent inadvertent operation

¾ Suitable anchor point to allow personnel to attach a backup system

¾ Personnel anchored to the base of the basket via a full body harness and

short lanyard that creates an effective work restraint

Access to work at height can also be achieved by the use of working platforms fitted

to counter-balanced forklift trucks etc. There are two types of these working

platforms, including:

Occasional working platform: a platform and an enclosure fitted to the forks of a

counter-balanced forklift truck

Integrated working platform: containing controls within the platform that are

integrated into the controls of the truck

Forklift trucks are not specifically designed to carry people, so the use of a working

platform on a forklift truck is restricted to exceptional use only.

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Only trucks fitted with integrated working platforms, which have been designed to

carry people, may be used for routine access to work at height.

5.5

REQUIREMENTS FOR SCAFFOLDS

Scaffolding is required to be designed, erected, altered and dismantled by competent

people, under the supervision of a Competent Person.

BP employs specialist contractors to manage scaffolding operations. They

have their own procedures and guidelines for controlling scaffolding

operations.

5.6

REQUIREMENTS FOR LADDERS

Ladders should only be used as work equipment (either as a place from which to

work or for access and egress) if a risk assessment confirms that their use is justified

because of the low risk and short duration of the job or unalterable conditions at the

worksite.

A ladder should only be used for access when putting in a permanent staircase is not

reasonably practicable. It will be long enough to protrude sufficiently above the place

of landing to which it provides access, unless other measures have been taken to

ensure a firm handhold. The maximum recommended vertical distance of any ladder

run is 6m (BS5395-3 code for fixed vertical ladders) to 9m (BS EN 12811-1:2003). If

it requires going higher, where reasonably practicable, suitable rest platforms must

be built.

Always consider that:

¾ No interlocking or extension ladder shall be used unless its sections are

prevented from moving relative to each other.

¾ Any surface upon which a ladder rests must be stable and firm such that its

steps or rungs remain horizontal.

¾ Any suspended ladders must be attached in a secure manner so as to

prevent any displacement or swinging.

¾ Work offshore, or work near electrical circuitry, should be using non-

conductive access equipment, e.g. timber or glass fibre ladders.

¾ Any pole ladders should be tied in at least two places, preferably top and

bottom for stability.

¾ Any wooden rung ladder must have a wire retainer underneath each rung to

minimise the chance of injury should the rung fail.

Portable ladders (not step-ladders) should always be placed at the correct

angle, at 75 degrees, or roughly 1m out for every 4m up.

The feet of portable ladders should be prevented from slipping during use by:

¾ Tying them effectively to an existing structure (securing them at the top is the

best method)

¾ Using an appropriate ladder stabiliser or anti-slip devices

¾ Having another worker „foot‟ the ladder or stand against the bottom rung (this

is only suitable when it is not practicable to secure the ladder any other way)

The ladder should be faced at all times, and contact should be maintained with both

feet and at least one hand when climbing or dismounting (three-point contact).

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Over-reaching is a major cause of falls even for experienced workers. If ladders

require to be used for work, not just for access or egress, then you need to

ensure the ladder is secured, that you can reach the work without stretching

and that you are secure at all times.

Fixed vertical ladders are an extremely common access method at BP worksites. In

addition to the guidance given on maximum vertical distance, BP-RP 4-3 (Guidance

on „Backscratchers‟) should be consulted.

5.7

PERSONAL FALL PROTECTION SYSTEMS

Personal fall protection systems are work restraint, work positioning (including rope

access and positioning techniques), fall arrest or rescue systems.

A personal fall protection system can be used only if:

¾ A risk assessment has demonstrated that work can, so far as is reasonably

practicable, be performed safely while using the system

¾ The use of other, safer work equipment is not justified

¾ The user and a sufficient number of available persons have received

adequate training, including rescue provision

¾ The fall protection system is securely anchored

¾ The various components of the system are of sufficient strength to support all

known loads

¾ Suitable and sufficient steps have been taken to ensure, so far as is

practicable, that in the event of a fall, injury from the fall protection system is

minimised

The manufacturer‟s instructions should be checked to consider whether the item is

compatible with other equipment being used. All equipment used in the personal fall

protection system should be strong enough to withstand any forces placed upon it

and should include an adequate margin for safety. The equipment‟s safe working

loads (or minimum static strength), working load limits or maximum (and sometimes,

minimum) rated loads should be checked.

Any equipment used for work at height is required to meet relevant European

Standards (i.e. it is CE marked and tested to relevant European norms (EN) and all

new PPE should be traceable to a certificate of conformity. The equipment should

also be marked with a unique identification number so that it can be traced back to its

point of origin and any test certificates and examination reports.

The need for rapid and effective rescue is particularly important when using

personal protective systems where a delay may have severe consequences,

i.e. when someone is left hanging motionless in a harness after a fall resulting

in „suspension trauma‟ as a result of restricted blood circulation. The time

before loss of consciousness can vary from about 6 minutes to 2 hours,

depending on physical capability and incident severity. Suitable rescue

equipment and competent personnel must be available on site at all times

during the completion of tasks at height.

5.7.1

Shallow Sloped Roofs

Work restraint is a technique that makes use of PPE to prevent a person from

entering an area where a risk of fall from height exists. The user is tethered by

an anchor-point and line in such a way that he is prevented from reaching an

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exposed edge from which a fall can occur (Derrick-man racking stands from the

Monkey-board). Work restraint techniques are often used to prevent users on

open decks, roofs or platforms from falling and are an effective technique that

will provide an extremely high level of safety.

5.7.2

Work Positioning

Work positioning is a technique for supporting a person while working by means

of PPE „in tension‟ to prevent a fall (e.g. BT Technician working up a pole).

Correct use of work positioning techniques and equipment should mean that

the individual is physically unable to fall. When PPE is providing the primary

support, then there must be a secondary backup system in place. This back-up

must be selected using the hierarchy, but it is quite common for fall arrest

techniques to be chosen. The obvious advantage with work positioning is that

the user is free to use his hands. This equipment is designed to cope with static

loads on a regular basis, but not for dynamic loads such as those imposed by

fall arrest equipment.

In addition to the requirements stated for a personal fall protection system, a

work positioning system can be used only if:

¾ The system includes a suitable backup system for preventing or

arresting a fall, as per the hierarchy

¾ Where the system includes a line as a backup system, the user is

connected to it

5.7.3

Rope Access and Positioning Systems

Rope access techniques allow access to structures or equipment that are

otherwise inaccessible, unsafe or impractical to access using conventional

techniques.

Specialists using industrial rope access techniques are trained and assessed to

professional industry standards, and their work at site requires to be supervised

by Competent Persons.

An effective communication system must be in place for everyone involved and

particularly for necessary third parties (e.g. a control room if working offshore).

Guidance on rope access and positioning is contained in BS 7985: 2002 „Code

of Practice for the Use of Rope Access Methods for Industrial Purpose‟ and the

Industrial Rope Access Trade Association (IRATA) Guidelines.

Rope access and positioning systems are recognised as a safe and efficient

method of accessing and completing a wide range of industrial tasks.

5.7.4

Fall Arrest

Fall arrest is the most common form of personal fall protection as it is relatively

simple to operate, requiring only minimal equipment and limited training. Fall

arrest is a technique that makes use of PPE to stop a falling person under safe

conditions. High attachment points are designed into a fall arrest harness, as

the individual must be retained in an upright position in the harness after a fall,

even if they are unconscious.

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A fall arrest system must incorporate a suitable shock absorber to limit the force

applied to the user‟s body. This could be either a shock absorber lanyard or

inertia reel, but NEVER both.

Where reasonably practicable, anchor points should be picked at or

above waist height. It is appreciated that this may not always be

reasonably practicable.

In many situations, a combined fall arrest/work positioning approach may be

required. For example, a user may require fall arrest to access the worksite and

then convert to work positioning to carry out the task, or a user could be relying

on a work positioning lanyard for primary support, but still have a fall arrest

system attached for backup. When using work positioning equipment for

support, the user can rely on the attachment to prevent him losing balance or

falling.

6 COMPONENTS OF FALL ARREST SYSTEMS

6.1

LANYARDS AND ENERGY ABSORBERS

Lanyards come in a variety of types, lengths and materials depending on the

application for which they are intended. In a fall arrest application, an energy

absorber is required to limit the force generated by a 100kg adult falling 4m to below

6kN (approx 0.6 tonnes).

Note: If a shock absorber were not used, the force generated would be

approximately 2.2 tonnes.

A lanyard assembly should not exceed

2m in length, considering all of the

components, i.e. the lanyard, the connectors and an energy absorber. When using

energy absorbers, the „tear out‟ distance (maximum permitted length is 1.75m - but

check manufacturer‟s instructions) must be accounted for (including any potential

variation due to local users) when calculating clearance distance, e.g.:

¾ Lanyard length 2m

¾ Maximum energy absorber tear out distance (travel) 1.75m

¾ Average distance, harness attachment to feet and slack 2.5m

¾ Minimum stopping distance 1m

Clearance Required 6.25m

Note: Equipment suppliers such as Spanset can supply energy absorbing lanyards

shorter than the 2m discussed here. For example, Spanset has supplied a steel

erecting company with shorter lanyards, where clearance heights were an issue.

The actual amount that an energy absorber pays out is dependent on a number

of factors ranging from the quality of manufacture, how it is used and the

weight and height from which an individual falls. At BP sites the worst case is

assumed, i.e. 1.75m. For further information read HSE Report HSL/2003/09 -

Survivable Impact Forces on Human Body Constrained by Full Body Harness.

When adjusted correctly a harness will have some „slack‟ for body movement. This

„slack‟ will often add to the overall height of a fall when the harness straps tighten

under load. This additional height from feet to harness attachment point is often

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missed in estimates of clearance beneath the user. In some applications, it may be

advisable to consider floor mats.

6.2

INERTIA REELS

An inertia reel offers one of the simplest forms of fall arrest protection; it limits the

impact forces by ensuring the body is caught before it can accelerate and gain

energy. It incorporates connection elements, energy absorption and lanyard in one

unit. It should be used in accordance with manufacturer‟s instructions.

The most common type of inertia reel features a 6mm wire rope lanyard, supplied in

a variety of lengths, with or without a retrieval handle.

Inertia reels should be placed directly above the user to prevent pendulum

falls. Height above the ground and angle of deviation from the vertical must be

considered as part of the risk assessment. Specific reference should be made

to manufacturer‟s instructions.

6.3

HARNESSES

The safety harness forms an ergonomic link or interface between the human body

and the attachment system. As such, the harness is probably the most important item

of a worker‟s PPE.

Poor choice of harness can lead to the harness hampering, rather than assisting, the

worker in his task and he may, as a result, be tempted not to use it. Harnesses

should be selected to ensure they are suitable for intended use. A well selected

harness should have the following features:

¾ Comfortable to wear when not „in tension‟, e.g. walking about site

¾ Provide adequate levels of support for working in

¾ Be able to catch a fall without injuring the wearer

¾ Should not be overly complex to put on or adjust

6.3.1 Selection

There is a wide range of possibilities when selecting a harness. The principal

consideration is whether the harness is required for work restraint, work

positioning or fall arrest. Depending on the nature of the task, careful

consideration should be given to the position of the attachment points; front or

rear.

Types of harness:

1 - Single point fall arrest (EN 361)

2 - Twin point fall arrest (EN 361)

3 - Sit harness/chest harness combination (EN 358, EN 813)

 4 - Multipurpose harness (EN 361, EN 358, EN 813)

6.3.2 Sit / Chest Harness Combination

The sit harness incorporating a work positioning belt can be used by itself for work

restraint and work positioning. It can also be combined with an appropriate chest

harness to make it suitable for fall arrest. This combination is particularly suitable

for rope access. It is also the best combination for falling and hanging in.

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People involved in rope access activity must be provided with, and use, a harness

that conforms to an appropriate standard, e.g. BS EN 361 for full body harnesses

and BS EN 813 for seat harnesses. The harness should be attached to both the

working and safety lines.

6.3.3 Attachment of the Lanyard

People using harnesses should be trained to try to move their legs in their harness

in the event of an emergency, and to try to push against any footholds. If someone

is suspended upright, immediate emergency measures must be undertaken to

minimise suspension trauma. This could include intermediate measures, for

example use of foot loops. If someone is suspended long enough to lose

consciousness, further medical advice is to be provided during the rescue to

prevent further injury.

Items of equipment used to link parts of a system are referred to as „connectors‟.

These include:

¾ Twist lock

¾ Karabiner

¾Screw gate karabiner

¾Double action scaffold hook

Karabiners are available in a variety of sizes, shapes and locking mechanisms to

suit the work application. They provide the most convenient type of connector as

they are easily attached and detached during operations. Industrial karabiners

must be self-closing and self or manual locking. They need to be capable of being

opened only by at least two consecutive, deliberate manual actions.

Although they come in steel or alloy, steel is preferred in the petroleum industry as

it is strong, reliable, and less prone to unseen cracking and has a lower spark

potential when struck against steel.

6.4

HELMETS

A helmet is an important piece of safety equipment, and the type of helmet used

while working at height must be considered as part of the risk assessment as a

minimum. Due to an improved chinstrap and side impact loading (over a „V-Guard‟

type helmet), an industrial climbing helmet complying with EN 397 and EN 12492

could be used while rope access equipment.

6.5

ANCHOR POINTS

Potential anchor points need to be identified and assessed to ensure that they are

suitable and secure. Fall arrest anchorages should be rated or equivalent to EN 795,

however in many cases a specifically designed anchorage will be unavailable and

then the following guide may be useful. Anchorages can generally be classed as

tested, structural or certified.

Items that are tested should ideally be to EN 795. These items require annual testing

as a minimum. Items that are structural should be „unquestionably sound‟ and

capable of performing beyond the requirements of EN 795.

Other potential anchor points commonly encountered in industry require more careful

consideration, particularly scaffolding, handrails or pipe work. When anchoring to

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scaffolding, advice should be sought from a Competent Person before use.

Anchoring to pipe work should be avoided where practicable. If it must be used as an

anchor point, the Technical Authority can give permission but only after proper risk

assessment. Under no circumstances should gas lines, instrument lines, H2S lines or

any pipe work less than 3in be used as an anchor point.

Handrails are designed to retain personnel within a walkway and ideally should not

be used as an anchor point. Handrails can only be used as an anchor point if an

assessment has been made and permission granted by the appropriate Technical

Authority.

6.6

ANCHORAGE SLINGS / STROPS

Attachment to an anchor point can be made by utilising appropriate reinforced slings

(„girder strops‟ but NOT flat webbing slings) or wire strops. The sling or strop requires

to be fitted to the anchor point by being clipped in to the connector on the lanyard,

passed around the anchor, then clipped back onto the connector. The sling should

never be passed around the anchor point, then back through itself („choke hitch‟ or

„larks foot‟), unless it is specifically rated for this use.

Users need to inspect slings or strops for damage before use and avoid

placing them around sharp edges or abrasive or hot anchor points (although

the sling or strop could be protected by additional padding or a protective

sleeve).

Where a tested and certified loop of galvanised steel cable (tested for purpose, e.g.

EN 795) that is dedicated to use with fall arrest equipment is used to pass over a

large member, protection against chafing must be provided.

6.7

ROPES

A wide range of rope construction is used in PPE. The most versatile and user-

friendly construction is known as „kernmantle‟. The kern is the core that carries about

80% of the rope strength. The mantle is the sheath and protects the core. Ropes are

usually manufactured from nylon as natural fibres such as hemp are unsuitable.

The main dangers to rope are sharp edges, heat and chemicals. Careful checking of

the worksite and correct rigging is essential. Ropes should be stored hung up, dry

and clean, away from contaminants or direct sunlight.

6.8

MAN RIDING WINCHES

Man riding winches are used in industry for access to drilling and well control

equipment positioned at height (e.g. in the derrick, beneath the drill floor). Current

industry guidance recommends that - due to potential for accident - these operations

must be considered as the last option, non-routine and subject to stringent planning

and controls.

Man riding hand signals and radios should be used to ensure good communications

and the Winch Operator should keep the man rider in view at all times.

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7 SIGNS AND BARRIERS

For all elevated working operations, signs and barriers shall be erected. Barriers can

be flexible or fixed.

Red and white barrier chain shall be used for demarcation of areas

Fixed barriers shall be constructed from scaffolding tubulars or rigid panel section,

and shall be clearly identified by wrapping with red & white warning tape or hazard

warning pennants, or by painting red & white.

Fixed barriers shall be used for instances such platform floor openings, penetrations,

or platform and roof edges where there exists the potential for a fall hazard

All barriers shall be fitted with barrier signs which clearly identify the following items

in both Azeri and English;

¾ The type of work ongoing

¾ The Responsible Person for the work area

¾ A contact telephone number

¾ The estimated duration of the works

¾ The names of all personnel authorised to be inside the area shall be clearly

displayed on the rear side of the barrier sign

During erection and dismantling of scaffolds, suitable and sufficient physical barriers

shall be erected to prevent access of personnel into “drop zones” where there exists

a serious potential for dropped objects.

Adequate warning signs shall be posted to instruct personnel of the inherent dangers

in the area.

8 RESCUE

It is difficult for one procedure to specify an appropriate rescue plan for an explicit

site, however, each BP site where people are exposed to work at height must have a

rescue plan and this must form an integral part of the emergency control procedures.

Most plans will deal with the rescue of a person left suspended in either fall arrest,

work positioning or rope access equipment. For the latter, the specialist contractor

will already have a plan, equipment and personnel as part of their standard

procedures. In the case of fall arrest or work positioning equipment, a separate plan

should be developed as follows:

When considering Fall Protection Systems, suspension trauma must be

considered

¾ Identify the equipment required. This may include:

o Fall arrestor with retrieval handle

o Specialist rescue equipment such as the GOTCHA System

o Crane and crane basket

o MEWP

o Man-riding winch and basket

o Forklift with personnel basket

o Scaffolds and ladders

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¾ Identify personnel to carry out the rescue

Note: Most service providers will supply rescue equipment and competent personnel

to perform this work. The worksite may deem this adequate however it is

recommended that on sites such as platforms, personnel in the fire team/rescue

team are provided with the appropriate equipment to perform this task.

Consider the level of medical treatment that may be required (refer to the following

paragraph)

Suspension trauma is a medically recognised condition. Everybody who is

suspended in a safety harness runs the risk of shock and unconsciousness due to

blood flow insufficiency. Unconsciousness can become life threatening after only a

few minutes.

Shock, caused by a lack of blood flow, is due to the blood accumulating in the lower

parts of the body as a result of the muscles relaxing and the „muscle pump‟ effect

stopping. The need for rapid and effective rescue is particularly important when using

personal protective systems where a delay may have severe consequences, i.e.

when someone is left hanging motionless in a harness after a fall. The time before

loss of consciousness can vary from about 6 minutes to 2 hours, depending on

incident severity.

Further information can be found in the HSE Contract Research Report 451/2002;

http://www.hse.gov.uk - Harness Suspension: Review and Evaluation of Existing

Information. Contact Occupational Health for the latest advice regarding suspension

trauma.

9 COMPETENCE AND TRAINING

All personnel required to perform elevated work shall be fully trained in appropriate,

safe work practices, including the wearing and care of associated safety equipment

and the safe use of all elevated work equipment.

All personnel involved in work at height shall be competent, trained and supervised

by a competent person. This includes involvement in organisation, planning,

supervision and the supply and maintenance of equipment.

Personnel working at height shall be trained in how to avoid falling from height and

how to avoid or minimize injury to them selves should they fall.

10 INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF EQUIPMENT

Equipment provided for work at height requires regular recorded inspection to ensure

that it continues to be safe to use and to comply with relevant standards.

Each item of equipment should also be marked with a unique identification number

so that it can be traced back to its point of origin. Test certificates and examination

reports must be available for audit at site or central control point (onshore database).

Work at height equipment and components should be inspected at least every 12

Control Tier:

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 23 of 37

months, although manufacturers will recommend more frequent inspection.

Manufacturers‟ recommendations will form the basis of any inspection routine.

While it is intended that the working at height Equipment Controllers will provide

inspection and maintenance duties for the most frequently used type of equipment

(fall arrest), competency requirements specify that specialist equipment

(rope

access) requires the services of the specialist company‟s competent person.

The inspection regime recommended for control of lanyards and harnesses falls into

three categories:

¾ Pre-use checks

¾ Detailed inspection

¾ Interim inspections

Competent persons must complete these inspections and manufacturers‟ guidelines

must be followed if they state inspection frequencies outside the below:

Pre-use Checks: Non-recordable

This should be tactile and visual. Records of usage (sign out/sign in) would provide a

record of pre-use checks.

Detailed Inspection: Recordable

A 6-monthly formal in-depth inspection for harnesses and lanyards will be completed

by the appointed competent person. Inertia reels will comply with manufacturer‟s

recommended inspection requirements and will be returned to the manufacturer for

re-calibration etc.

Interim Inspection: Recordable

The need for and frequency of interim inspections will depend on use. The equipment

used will be subject to a weekly inspection by the competent person. The inspection

regime for inertia reels or other specialist WAH equipment will be defined by the

manufacturer‟s guidance or specialist contractor‟s guidance.

To mitigate the risk of damage to lanyards and shock absorbers due to grit blasting

operations, all lanyards and shock absorbers must be kept away from grit blasting

work.

The lifetime of fall arrest system depends on the precise use. If it is abused, or used

in poor conditions, its life could be no more than one use. Items of PPE must not be

proof-loaded, and detailed inspection by a Competent Person may not reveal hidden

damage (i.e. chemical contamination).

Any inspection process is, to some degree, subjective, but inspection by a

Competent Person familiar with site conditions should determine product condition.

10.1

MAINTENANCE

The information gained in the maintenance process, inspection and more technical

examinations should be complementary. If a maintenance log exists, it should be

kept up-to-date and accessible for persons inspecting the equipment or conducting a

more thorough examination.

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 24 of 37

Where temporary equipment is used, it is important for the site to establish how

safety-related inspection and maintenance will be undertaken with the hire company.

This is particularly important for equipment on long-term hire and any agreement

should be documented and communicated to the site.

10.2

MOBILE ELEVATED WORK PLATFORMS

MEWP‟s are defined as lifting equipment. This type of equipment requires a thorough

examination (as defined in LOLER) by a Competent Person at least every 6 months

or in accordance with an examination scheme developed by a Competent Person.

Routine maintenance is to be performed in accordance with manufacturer‟s

instructions and advice from a Competent Person.

10.3

LADDERS

All ladders need to be used in accordance with manufacturer‟s instructions and

stated precautions need to be considered with current site conditions (including the

weather).

Industry research has indicated that the feet of a ladder are particularly susceptible to

damage that can significantly reduce the grip, make them more vulnerable to

movement and, as a result, increase the risk for falls. Pre-use visual and other

inspection and maintenance are important to ensure that the feet can still provide

adequate grip.

11 CONTROL AND ISSUE OF EQUIPMENT

Scaffolding is controlled and issued by the Scaffolding Contractor at site, who is

responsible for ensuring safe storage of and access to materials and associated

equipment.

All sites / installations are required to ensure that all ladders are suitable for the local

conditions and should maintain a register of ladders including type and known

condition. A written record should be kept of all inspections, defects and repairs.

MEWP‟s and other mobile personnel lifting devices can only be issued to certified

personnel, and inspection and maintenance requirements need to be validated

before use against the temporary equipment register.

Work restraint, work positioning and fall arrest equipment need to be controlled by an

equipment controller. At most sites, this person will be employed by the service

provider.

Equipment found at any other location needs to be returned to the storage area to

ensure necessary inspection and maintenance issues are verified.

Rope access equipment is to be controlled and issued by specialist contractors to

meet industry requirements and adequate supervision must be confirmed before the

equipment is released. Rope access equipment is not to be used by any

unauthorised personnel.

Control Tier:

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 25 of 37

Note: There may be more than one equipment controller at each site

(e.g.

Operations contractor and Drilling contractor reps).

12 TOOLBOX TALKS

The tool box talk for work at height operations shall consider and discuss the specific

risk and hazard assessment prepared for the job and the provisions and conditions

demanded by the work permit. The tool box talk shall be delivered by the work team

leader supported by the Area Authority.

The work team shall register their awareness of the risk assessment and work permit

instructions discussed in the tool box talk by signing the toolbox talk attendance

sheet.

13 HOUSEKEEPING

For all work at elevation, housekeeping must be maintained to a high standard in

order to limit or prevent occurrences such as dropped objects.

Personnel shall maintain satisfactory control of tools and loose equipment to prevent

them falling and creating a hazard to personnel and assets. This can be achieved by

implementing preventive measures such as toe-boards, or binding and lashing of

loose equipment.

Good housekeeping practices shall be implemented to limit the accumulation

of debris, and to stop debris falling to grade.

14 APPENDICES

Appendix A: Work at Height Audit Checklist

Appendix B: Barrier Notification Sign

Appendix C: References

Appendix D: Procedure Summary

Appendix E: Feedback & Improvement Suggestions

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 26 of 37

14.1

APPENDIX A: WORK AT HEIGHT AUDIT CHECKLIST

Item

WORK AT HEIGHT AUDIT CHECKLIST

YES

ACTION TAKEN AND CLOSED OUT BY:

No.

Do all workers above 2m-wear harness with

double lines and hooks latched on. 100%

protection required.

Are fall prevention devices fitted with shock

absorber type lanyard, (only when higher than 6

metres)

Are proper work platforms, landings and

walkways provided min width 400mm

Are safety nets provided where safe work floor is

not feasible

Are openings in work floors covered with planks /

barricaded and signs posted

Are signs „danger men working overhead‟ posted

in English and Azeri

Is there satisfactory control of tools to prevent

them falling and good housekeeping to stop

debris falling

Are correct precautions taken for working on

sloping roofs?

Is a valid PTW in place which adequately

addresses all aspects of the work to be done

Have personnel been advised on any

Simultaneous operations which may be taking

place

Has a Toolbox Talk been held to advise all

personnel on the works to be performed, and the

risks involved with the task

Are inertia reels tested every 6 months and

certified.

Are records available of all tests and inspections

of TPI on Fall protection devices inertia reels etc.

Is there a rescue team trained to rescue persons

from height with correct medical aids

Notes:

Control Tier:

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14.4 APPENDIX D: PROCEDURE SUMMARY

Stopping Unsafe Work

¾ Ensuring worksite inspections are carried out

before any activities are performed at height.

To stop the continuation of potentially unsafe work at the

earliest possible stage, the Control of Work (CoW) Policy

Performing Authority (PA):

WORKING AT HEIGHTS

and this procedure for Working at Heights make it very

clear that all personnel are obliged and have the authority

Performing Authorities are responsible for:

to “STOP” the work that they consider to be unsafe.

¾ Identifying the hazards and control measures for

Procedure Summary

the planned task

Responsibilities

This Procedure Summary summarises the procedures and

Participating

more extensive risk

precautions necessary to ensure hazards and risks

Site Manager (SM) / Site controller (SC) / Offshore

assessments required

associated with all work activities at height are either

Installation Manager (OIM):

Carrying out the Toolbox briefing just prior to

eliminated or mitigated to ensure the safety of personnel

the task being implemented

BP and its Site Management Teams have a duty to ensure

who work at height.

Ensuring that people involved in the task fully

that everyone engaged in any work at height activity,

understand the scope of the work and the

BP Golden Rules of Safety

including any specialist contractor, is competent to do so

hazards and controls for the job

(or, if being trained, are supervised by a Competent

Working at Heights is one of BP‟s Golden Rules of Safety

Ensuring adequate handovers take place at

Person). They shall ensure that:

and states:

shift and at crew change periods with the

¾ The necessary systems and procedures are in

oncoming Performing Authority

place to manage and control work at height

Working at heights should be avoided if possible, but when

operations onsite including audit of the process

it is necessary, falls should be prevented using measures

Employees:

¾ Where third-party procedures and guidelines

in the following order of preference:

require to be used, that they have been deemed

All employees, whether working at height or exposed to

¾ Permanently installed access e.g. gantries,

appropriate

other activities being performed at height, are responsible

walkways

¾ Roles and responsibilities for all personnel

¾ A temporary working platform with full edge and

for ensuring they are sufficiently competent for the work

associated with these regimes are clear and

falling object protection e.g. scaffolding, mobile

they are performing, for adhering to safe working

understood

procedures, and for ensuring the safety of themselves and

platforms

¾ A fall prevention system such as a tether or

others. Employers must be notified of any medical

Area Authority (AA):

conditions which may affect working at height safely.

restraining system

¾ Fall arrest techniques

Area Authorities shall familiarise themselves with the

Work at Height Equipment Controller:

procedures and other arrangements in place to mitigate

When working at heights of 2 metres (6 feet) or higher

the risks involved in work at height. They are responsible

Work restraint, work positioning and fall arrest equipment

above the ground:

for:

needs to be controlled by a competent person.

¾ All systems used must have been designed,

¾ Ensuring that the appropriate hazards and

This person shall be named by the site controller and is

verified and tested by a competent person.

controls have been identified for planned tasks

normally also responsible for the issue and control of lifting

¾ An approved procedure / method of working

¾ Ensuring that the appropriate level of risk

equipment.

must be used or a permit issued

assessment has been carried out, and they

liaise closely with Performing Authorities to

He / she will be responsible for:

If a fall arrest harness system is used, it must have:

ensure all appropriate hazards and controls

¾ Inspecting and maintaining all work restraint,

¾ A proper anchor, mounted preferably overhead

have been identified for the task

work positioning or fall arrest equipment

¾ Full body harness using double latch self locking

¾ Liasing with the person with working at height

¾ Maintaining a register of and issuing all work

snap hooks at each connection

expertise (i.e. Scaffold Foreman, Services Team

restraint, work positioning or fall arrest

¾ Synthetic fibre lanyards, a shock absorber and

Leader and Equipment Controller) to ensure that

equipment to competent personnel.

limit free fall to 2 metres (6 feet) or less

all personnel involved with work at height activity

¾ Been visually inspected before use, with any

have the necessary qualifications/training to

The Working at Height Equipment Controller is not

equipment that has been damaged or activated

implement the type of work being performed

normally responsible for the control issue and

taken out of service

¾ Ensuring that working activities planned at site

maintenance of rope access equipment unless they have

¾ A means of rescue available that has been

do not have an adverse affect on other activity

been deemed competent by the specialist contractor (refer

proved effective

underway

to Paragraph 7).

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 30 of 37

Follow the hierarchy for safe work at heights -

¾ Devoid of gaps through which any material or

avoid, prevent, mitigate - and give priority to

object could fall and injure a person or through

WORKING AT HEIGHTS (cont)

collective measures over personal protection

which a person could fall

measures

¾ Constructed, used and inspected, and

Make use of appropriate work equipment, taking

maintained to prevent, so far as reasonably

Definition of Work at Height

account of the following:

practicable, the risk of slipping or tripping, or any

Work at height should no longer be considered as an

person being caught between it and any

activity over 2m.

o The working conditions and the risks to the

adjacent structure

safety of persons at the place where the

Personnel are advised that, work at height now means

work equipment is to be used

¾ Prevented by appropriate devices, where it has

any place from which - if preventive measures were not

o In the case of work equipment for access

moving parts, from moving inadvertently during

taken

- a person could fall and injure themselves,

and egress, the distance to be negotiated

work at height.

including a place at or below ground level or in the course

o The distance and consequences of a

of gaining access or egress from any place, except by a

potential fall

If these criteria‟s cannot be met, then further precautions

staircase in a permanent workplace.

o The duration and frequency of use

will be required to protect personnel.

o The need for easy and timely evacuation

The BP Golden Rule covering work at height currently

and rescue in an emergency

Requirements for Working Platforms

still defines work at height as 2m or higher above the

o Any additional risk posed by the use,

ground. This procedure is not intended to replace this

installation or removal of that work

All working platforms should:

golden rule.

equipment or by evacuation and rescue

¾ Rest on a stable surface of suitable composition

from it

and strength to support the structure and any

Principals of Work at Height

Plan and organise work properly taking account

loads intended to be placed upon it

of weather conditions and the possibility of

¾ In the case of a wheeled structure, any

¾ Avoid the risk, where it is reasonably practicable

emergencies

supporting structure must be prevented by

to carry out the work safely other than at a

Make sure those working at height are

appropriate devices from inadvertently moving

height

competent.

during work at a height

¾ Prevent falls, where there is no safe alternative

Manage the risks from working on or around

n other cases, any supporting structure must

to work at height.

fragile surfaces and from falling objects

be prevented from slipping by secure

¾ Mitigate the consequences of a fall where the

Inspect and maintain the work equipment to be

attachment to the bearing surface or to another

risk of people or objects still remains. Risk

used and inspect the place where the work will

structure

assessments must define measures to minimise

be carried out

¾ When erecting, modifying, dismantling a

the distance and consequences of such falls

„working‟ platform and its supporting structure it

(i.e. the selection and use of work equipment).

Means of Access or Egress at Height

should be done in such a way as to ensure it

¾ Collective measures (guardrails, nets, mats and

remains stable and avoids accidental

inflated devices) should be preferred over

To determine if a place of work at height is safe, the

displacement.

personal protective measures

(e.g. fall arrest

criteria listed below must be checked:

¾ A working platform and its supporting structure

equipment).

Stable and of sufficient srength and rigidity for

must never be loaded in a way to give rise to a

the purpose for which it is intended to be or is

risk of collapse.

Risk Assessment and Planning

being used

¾ A working platform and its supporting structure

must never be loaded in a way to give rise to a

The majority of falls from height result from failures of

¾ Resting on a stable, sufficiently strong surface

risk of collapse.

organization or planning, e.g. selecting inappropriate

¾ Of sufficient dimensions to permit the safe

and poorly maintained work equipment.

passage of persons and the safe use of any

Requirements for Collective Safeguards for Arresting

equipment or materials requiring to be used, and

Falls

In order to be practical adopt a risk based approach to

to provide a safe working area with regard to the

ensure that the measures taken are proportionate to the

work to be carried out there

Collective safeguards for arresting falls include nets, mats

risk involved. Within this framework, the employer must:

¾ Provided with suitable and sufficient edge

and inflated devices that are designed to catch a falling

¾ Assess the risks to identify and address hazards

protection to prevent risk to others

person. When using this equipment, follow the

before the work commences

manufacturer‟s instructions. A safeguard shall only be

used if:

Control Tier:

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 31 of 37

and dismantled by competent people, under the

The feet of portable ladders should be prevented from

WORKING AT HEIGHTS (cont)

supervision of a Competent Person.

slipping during use by:

¾ Tying them effectively to an existing structure

BP employs specialist contractors to manage

(securing them at the top is the best method)

A safeguard shall:

scaffolding operations. They have their own

¾ Using an appropriate ladder stabiliser or anti-slip

¾ In the case of a safeguard which is designed to

procedures and guidelines for controlling scaffolding

devices

be attached, be securely attached to all the

operations.

¾ Having another worker „foot‟ the ladder or stand

required anchors, and the anchors and the

against the bottom rung (this is only suitable

means off attachment thereto shall be suitable

Requirements for Ladders

when it is not practicable to secure the ladder

and of sufficient strength and stability for the

any other way)

purposes of safely supporting the foreseeable

Ladders should only be used as work equipment (either as

loading in arresting any fall and during the

a place from which to work or for access and egress) if a

The ladder should be faced at all times, and contact

subsequent rescue

risk assessment confirms that their use is justified because

should be maintained with both feet and at least one hand

In the case of an airbag, landing mat or similar

of the low risk and short duration of the job or unalterable

when climbing or dismounting (three-point contact).

safeguard, be stable.

conditions at the worksite.

In the case of a safeguard that distorts (such

Over-reaching is a major cause of falls even for

as a net) in arresting a fall, afford sufficient

A ladder should only be used for access when putting in a

experienced workers. If ladders require to be used for

clearance

permanent staircase is not reasonably practicable. It will

work, not just for access or egress, then you need to

be long enough to protrude sufficiently above the place of

ensure the ladder is secured, that you can reach the

When applying any safeguard, steps should be taken to

landing to which it provides access, unless other

work without stretching and that you are secure at all

ensure (so far as reasonably practicable) that in the event

measures have been taken to ensure a firm handhold. The

times.

of a fall, the safeguard itself does not cause injury.

maximum recommended vertical distance of any ladder

run is 6m (BS5395-3 code for fixed vertical ladders) to 9m

Fixed vertical ladders are an extremely common access

Requirements for Mobile Elevated Work Platforms

(BS EN 12811-1:2003). If it requires going higher, where

method at BP worksites. In addition to the guidance given

reasonably practicable, suitable rest platforms must be

on maximum vertical distance, BP-RP 4-3 (Guidance on

Mobile Elevated Work Platforms (MEWP‟s) can provide a

built.

„Backscratchers‟) should be consulted.

safe place of working at height, but precautions need to be

taken to minimise the risks of users falling from or being

Always consider that:

Personal Fall Protection Systems

thrown from the basket or impact with other equipment.

¾ No interlocking or extension ladder shall be used

unless its sections are prevented from moving

Personal fall protection systems are work restraint, work

The precautions for safe work from a MEWP include:

relative to each other.

positioning

(including rope access and positioning

¾ A guard rail, with mid rail and toe-boards round

¾ Any surface upon which a ladder rests must be

techniques), fall arrest or rescue systems.

the edge of the basket

stable and firm such that its steps or rungs

A personal fall protection system can be used only if:

¾ A slip resistant floor

remain horizontal.

¾ A risk assessment has demonstrated that work

¾ Dead-man controls

¾ Any suspended ladders must be attached in a

can, so far as is reasonably practicable, be

¾ Stability device, e.g. outriggers that are

secure manner so as to prevent any

performed safely while using the system

interlocked such that the MEWP will not operate

displacement or swinging.

¾ The use of other, safer work equipment is not

unless they are fully extended

¾ Work offshore, or work near electrical circuitry,

justified

¾ Locking-out controls to prevent inadvertent

should be using non-conductive access

¾ The user and a sufficient number of available

operation

equipment, e.g. timber or glass fibre ladders.

persons have received adequate training,

¾ Suitable anchor point to allow personnel to

¾ Any pole ladders should be tied in at least two

including rescue provision

attach a backup system

places, preferably top and bottom for stability.

¾ The fall protection system is securely anchored

¾ Personnel anchored to the base of the basket

¾ Any wooden rung ladder must have a wire

¾ The various components of the system are of

via a full body harness and short lanyard that

retainer underneath each rung to minimise the

sufficient strength to support all known loads

creates an effective work restraint

chance of injury should the rung fail.

¾ Suitable and sufficient steps have been taken to

ensure, so far as is practicable, that in the event

Requirements for Scaffolds

Portable ladders (not step-ladders) should always be

of a fall, injury from the fall protection system is

placed at the correct angle, at 75 degrees, or roughly

minimised

Scaffolding is required to be designed, erected, altered

1m out for every 4m up.

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Page 32 of 37

and their work at site requires to be supervised by

¾ Should not be overly complex to put on or adjust

WORKING AT HEIGHTS (cont)

Competent Persons.

Signs and Barriers

An effective communication system must be in place for

The manufacturer‟s instructions should be checked to

everyone involved and particularly for necessary third

For all elevated working operations, signs and barriers

consider whether the item is compatible with other

shall be erected. Barriers can be flexible or fixed.

equipment being used. All equipment used in the personal

parties (e.g. a control room if working offshore).

fall protection system should be strong enough to

Red and white barrier chain shall be used for demarcation

withstand any forces placed upon it and should include an

of areas

Guidance on rope access and positioning is contained in

adequate margin for safety. The equipment‟s safe working

BS 7985: 2002 „Code of Practice for the Use of Rope

loads (or minimum static strength), working load limits or

Fixed barriers shall be constructed from scaffolding

Access Methods for Industrial Purpose‟ and the Industrial

maximum (and sometimes, minimum) rated loads should

tubulars or rigid panel section, and shall be clearly

Rope Access Trade Association (IRATA) Guidelines.

be checked.

identified by wrapping with red & white warning tape or

hazard warning pennants, or by painting red & white.

Inertia Reels

Any equipment used for work at height is required to meet

Fixed barriers shall be used for instances such as platform

relevant European Standards (i.e. it is CE marked and

An inertia reel offers one of the simplest forms of fall arrest

floor openings, penetrations, or platform and roof edges

tested to relevant European norms (EN) and all new PPE

protection; it limits the impact forces by ensuring the body

where there exists the potential for a fall hazard.

should be traceable to a certificate of conformity. The

is caught before it can accelerate and gain energy. It

equipment should also be marked with a unique

incorporates connection elements, energy absorption and

All barriers shall be fitted with barrier signs which clearly

identification number so that it can be traced back to its

lanyard in one unit. It should be used in accordance with

identify the following items in both Azeri and English:

point of origin and any test certificates and examination

manufacturer‟s instructions.

¾ The type of work ongoing

reports.

¾ The Responsible Person for the work area

The most common type of inertia reel features a 6mm wire

¾ A contact telephone number

A fall arrest system must incorporate a suitable shock

rope lanyard, supplied in a variety of lengths, with or

¾ The estimated duration of the works

absorber to limit the force applied to the user‟s body. This

without a retrieval handle.

¾ The names of all personnel authorised to be inside

could be either a shock absorber lanyard or inertia reel,

the area shall be clearly displayed on the rear side of

but NEVER both.

Inertia reels should be placed directly above the user

the barrier sign

to prevent pendulum falls. Height above the ground

Where reasonably practicable, anchor points should

and angle of deviation from the vertical must be

During erection and dismantling of scaffolds, suitable and

be picked at or above waist height. It is appreciated

considered as part of the risk assessment. Specific

sufficient physical barriers shall be erected to prevent

that this may not always be reasonably practicable.

reference should be made to manufacturer‟s

access of personnel into “drop zones” where there exists a

instructions.

serious potential for dropped objects.

The need for rapid and effective rescue is particularly

important when using personal protective systems

Harnesses

Adequate warning signs shall be posted to instruct

where a delay may have severe consequences, i.e.

personnel of the inherent dangers in the area.

when someone is left hanging motionless in a harness

The safety harness forms an ergonomic link or interface

after a fall resulting in „suspension trauma‟ as a result

Rescue

between the human body and the attachment system. As

of restricted blood circulation. The time before loss of

such, the harness is probably the most important item of a

consciousness can vary from about 6 minutes to 2

Most plans will deal with the rescue of a person left

worker‟s PPE.

hours, depending on physical capability and incident

suspended in either fall arrest, work positioning or rope

severity. Suitable rescue equipment and competent

access equipment. For the latter, the specialist contractor

Poor choice of harness can lead to the harness

personnel must be available on site at all times during

will already have a plan, equipment and personnel as part

hampering, rather than assisting, the worker in his task

the completion of tasks at height. Refer to Paragraphs

of their standard procedures. In the case of fall arrest or

and he may, as a result, be tempted not to use it.

5 and 6.1 for further details.

work positioning equipment, a separate plan should be

Harnesses should be selected to ensure they are suitable

developed as follows:

for intended use. A well selected harness should have the

Rope Access and Positioning Systems

When considering Fall Protection Systems,

following features:

suspension trauma must be considered

¾ Comfortable to wear when not „in tension‟, e.g.

Specialists using industrial rope access techniques are

¾ Identify the equipment required. This may

walking about site

trained and assessed to professional industry standards,

include:

¾ Be able to catch a fall without injuring the wearer

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 33 of 37

Competency and Training

checking of harnesses and lanyards.

WORKING AT HEIGHTS (cont)

All personnel required to perform elevated work shall be

Detailed Inspection: (Recordable)

fully trained in appropriate, safe work practices, including

A 3-monthly formal in-depth inspection for harnesses and

o Fall arrestor with retrieval handle

the wearing and care of associated safety equipment and

lanyards will be completed by the appointed competent

o Specialist rescue equipment such as the

the safe use of all elevated work equipment.

person. Inertia reels will comply with manufacturer‟s

GOTCHA System

recommended inspection requirements and will be

o Crane and crane basket

All personnel involved in work at height shall be

returned to the manufacturer for re-calibration etc.

o MEWP

competent, trained and supervised by a competent

o Man-riding winch and basket

person. This includes involvement in organisation,

Interim Inspection: (Recordable)

o Forklift with personnel basket

planning, supervision and the supply and maintenance of

The need for and frequency of interim inspections will

o Scaffolds and ladders

equipment.

depend on use. The equipment used will be subject to a

¾ Identify personnel to carry out the rescue.

weekly inspection by the competent person. The

Personnel working at height shall be trained in how to

inspection regime for inertia reels or other specialist WAH

Note: Most service providers will supply rescue equipment

avoid falling from height and how to avoid or minimize

equipment will be defined by the manufacturer‟s guidance

and competent personnel to perform this work. The

injury to them selves should they fall.

or specialist contractor‟s guidance.

worksite may deem this adequate however it is

recommended that on sites such as platforms,

Inspection and Maintenance of Equipment

Mobile Elevated Work Platforms:

personnel in the fire team/rescue team are provided

MEWP‟s are defined as lifting equipment. This type of

with the appropriate equipment to perform this task.

Equipment provided for work at height requires regular

equipment requires a thorough examination (as defined in

recorded inspection to ensure that it continues to be safe

LOLER) by a Competent Person at least every 6 months

Consider the level of medical treatment that may be

to use and to comply with relevant standards.

or in accordance with an examination scheme developed

required (refer to the following paragraph)

by a Competent Person. Routine maintenance is to be

Each item of equipment should also be marked with a

performed in accordance with manufacturer‟s instructions

Suspension trauma is a medically recognised condition.

unique identification number so that it can be traced back

and advice from a Competent Person.

Everybody who is suspended in a safety harness runs the

to its point of origin. Test certificates and examination

risk of shock and unconsciousness due to blood flow

reports must be available for audit at site or central control

Ladders:

insufficiency.

Unconsciousness can become life

point (onshore database).

All ladders need to be used in accordance with

threatening after only a few minutes.

manufacturer‟s instructions and stated precautions need to

Work at height equipment and components should be

be considered with current site conditions (including the

Shock, caused by a lack of blood flow, is due to the blood

inspected at least every

12 months, although

weather).

accumulating in the lower parts of the body as a result of

manufacturers will recommend more frequent inspection.

the muscles relaxing and the

„muscle pump‟ effect

Manufacturers‟ recommendations will form the basis of any

Control and Issue of Equipment

stopping. The need for rapid and effective rescue is

inspection routine.

particularly important when using personal protective

Scaffolding is controlled and issued by the Scaffolding

systems where a delay may have severe consequences,

The inspection regime recommended for control of

Contractor at site

/ installation, who is responsible for

i.e. when someone is left hanging motionless in a harness

lanyards and harnesses falls into three categories:

ensuring safe storage of and access to materials and

after a fall. The time before loss of consciousness can vary

¾ Pre-use checks

associated equipment.

from about 6 minutes to 2 hours, depending on incident

¾ Detailed inspection

severity.

¾ Interim inspections

Ladders at all sites

/ installations are required to be

suitable for the local conditions and should maintain a

Further information can be found in the HSE Contract

Competent persons must complete these inspections and

Research Report 451/2002, Harness Suspension: Review

manufacturers‟ guidelines must be followed if they state

and Evaluation of Existing Information. Contact

inspection frequencies outside the below:

Occupational Health for the latest advice regarding

MEWP‟s and other mobile personnel lifting devices can

suspension trauma.

Pre-use Checks: Non-recordable

only be issued to certified personnel, and inspection and

This should be tactile and visual. Records of usage (sign

maintenance requirements need to be validated before

out/sign in) would provide a record of pre-use checks.

use against the temporary equipment register.

(Train the trainer methods can be used for pre-use

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 34 of 37

Work at Height Audit Checklist

WORKING AT HEIGHTS (cont)

WORK AT HEIGHT CHECKLIST

YES

Do all workers above 2m wear harness

Work restraints, work positioning and fall arrest

with double lines and hooks latched on

equipment need to be controlled by an equipment

Are fall prevention devices fitted with

controller. At most sites, this person will be employed by

shock absorber type lanyard (when higher

the service provider.

than 2m)

Are proper work platforms, landings and

Equipment found at any other location needs to be

walkways provided, min width 400mm

returned to the storage area to ensure necessary

Are safety nets provided where safe work

inspection and maintenance issues are verified.

floor is not feasible

Are openings in work floors covered with

Rope access equipment is to be controlled and issued by

planks / barricaded and signs posted

specialist contractors to meet industry requirements and

Are signs „danger men working overhead‟

adequate supervision must be confirmed before the

posted in English and Azeri

equipment is released. Rope access equipment is not to

Is there satisfactory control of tools to

be used by any unauthorised personnel.

prevent

them falling

and good

housekeeping to stop debris falling

Toolbox Talks

Are correct precautions taken for working

on sloping roofs?

The tool box talk for work at height operations shall

Is a valid PTW in place which adequately

consider and discuss the specific risk and hazard

addresses all aspects of the work to be

assessment prepared for the job and the provisions and

done

conditions demanded by the work permit. The tool box talk

Have personnel been advised on any

Simultaneous operations which may be

shall be delivered by the work team leader supported by

taking place

the Area Authority.

Has a Toolbox Talk been held to advise all

The work team shall register their awareness of the risk

personnel on the works to be performed,

and the risks involved with the task

assessment and work permit instructions discussed in the

tool box talk by signing the toolbox talk attendance sheet.

Are inertia reels tested every

6 months

and certified.

Housekeeping

Are records available of all tests and

inspections of TPI on Fall protection

For all work at elevation, housekeeping must be

devices inertia reels etc.

maintained to a high standard in order to limit or prevent

Is there a rescue team trained to rescue

occurrences such as dropped objects.

persons from height with correct medical

aids

Good housekeeping practices shall be implemented to

NOTES:

limit the accumulation of debris, and to stop debris falling

to grade.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Working at Heights Procedure

Page 36 of 37

Revision/Review Log

Revision Date

Authority

Custodian

Revision Details

05 October 2004

CHSSE Manager

CHSSE Team

Initial Issue as controlled document

Leader

07 September

Alan McNulty

Esmira

General:

2007

(CHSSE Manager)

Akhundova

Throughout the procedure the document

(CHSSE Team

numbering for referred procedures has been

Leader)

changed from UNIF to AzSPU.

Section 1. Introduction:

1.1Purpose; Wording changes. 1.2 Scope;

Wording changes. Following inclusion to

Section 1 are 1.3 Legislation & Standards, 1.4

Working at Heights Golden Rules of Safety, 1.5

Company Requirements, 1.6 Stopping Unsafe

Work, 1.7 Deviations, 1.8 Document Review,

1.9 SSOW Specific Cross References (new doc

control numbers). 1.10 Language Facilitation,

1.11 Procedure Summary.

Section 2. Responsibilities:

Is now “Definitions”

Section 3. Working Platforms:

Is now “Roles and Responsibilities”. Changes

made to the responsibilities of SM, SC, OIM,

Area Authority, Performing Authority replaces

the heading of Supervisors, Employees

responsibilities added, Working at Height

Equipment Controller responsibilities added.

Section 4. Fall Arrest Equipment:

Is now “Requirement to Work at Height”.

Section 5. Movement and Working at

Height:

Is now “Work Equipment”.

Section 6. Training:

Is now “Components of Fall Arrest Systems”.

The following sections have been added

Section 7: Signs and Barriers

Section 8: Rescue

Section 9: Competence and Training

Section 10: Inspection and Maintenance of

Equipment

Section 11: Control and Issue of Equipment

Section 12: Toolbox Talks

Section 13: Housekeeping

Appendices.

5 appendices included to the document as

follows:

Appendix A: Work at Height Audit Checklist

Appendix B: Barrier Notification Sign

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: 14 Sept 2007

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00065-2>>

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Procedure for Hydrogen Sulphide

Page 2 of 18

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1

DOCUMENT PURPOSE

1.2

DOCUMENT SCOPE

2 RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1

SITES

2.2

UPSTREAM TECHNOLOGY GROUP

2.3

CUSTODIAN

2.4

SITE MANAGER / OIM

2.5

AREA AUTHORITIES

2.6

SAFETY ADVISORS

2.7

HEALTH MANAGER

3 HYDROGEN SULPHIDE DESCRIPTION

3.1

WHERE HYDROGEN SULPHIDE CAN OCCUR

3.2

PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

4 HYDROGEN SULPHIDE DETECTION KNOWN H₂S AREAS

4.1

KNOWN H₂S AREAS

4.2

HYDROGEN SULPHIDE FIXED DETECTION SYSTEM

4.3

HYDROGEN SULPHIDE PORTABLE DETECTION EQUIPMENT

4.4

AREAS NOT CURRENTLY PRODUCING H2S

4.5

OTHER AREAS

4.6

GAS TESTER LEVEL 1

5 HYDROGEN SULPHIDE PRECAUTIONS

5.1

CLASSIFICATION OF H₂S RISK AREAS

5.2

BREATHING APPARATUS TRAINING

5.3

CONTINGENCY PLANNING

6 HYDROGEN SULPHIDE FIRST AID

APPENDIX A

APPENDIX B: DISCOVERY OF AN H₂S LEAK OR FINDING A VICTIM OF H₂S

EXPLOSIVE

APPENDIX C

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<12 October 2004>>

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Procedure for Hydrogen Sulphide

Page 3 of 18

INTRODUCTION

1.1

DOCUMENT PURPOSE

This Safe System of Work contains the information and guidelines necessary to

assist in reducing the risks encountered when working with Hydrogen Sulphide to as

low as reasonably practicable.

1.2

DOCUMENT SCOPE

The contents of this Safe System of Work apply to all BP owned and managed sites

and installations in Azerbaijan and Georgia where Hydrogen Sulphide is present or

has a potential to be present. For detailed procedures to be followed during drilling,

well testing and well servicing operations, refer to the BP Drilling Operations

Guidelines (EUR-D-001), Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S) Procedures. 1120/GEN.

Note: All personnel working on BP owned sites and installations in Azerbaijan and

Georgia where Hydrogen Sulphide could be present must be made aware of

the contents of this document.

The following Safe Systems of Work may also be relevant to this one, depending

upon the circumstances:

 UNIF-HSE-PRO-103 Permit to Work

 UNIF-HSE-PRO-108 Confined Space Entry

RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1

SITES

Sites shall be responsible for:

 Operating in accordance with this document assuring them of compliance.

 Establishing a sampling programme to detect any onset of H₂S at producing

sites where H₂S is not currently present in the well fluids.

 Maintaining a recorded system of training for all personnel working in areas

with an H₂S hazard.

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<12 October 2004>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00066-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

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Procedure for Hydrogen Sulphide

Page 4 of 18

2.2

UPSTREAM TECHNOLOGY GROUP

Upstream Technology Group

(UTG) shall be responsible for the provision of

authorities advice on all aspects of H₂S during drilling and well operations.

2.3

CUSTODIAN

The Health Manager is custodian for this document and will:

 Maintain this document and co-ordinate any updates

 Provide a risk assessment and advisory service, in conjunction with UTG, on

the adequacy of proposed H₂S detection and protection methods.

 Disseminate relevant lessons learned, within and out with BP

2.4

SITE MANAGER / OIM

Site Managers / OIMs are responsible for:

 the assessment and management of health risks on the site / installation

 reviewing the Risk Assessment findings and recommendations

 ensuring systems are in place to implement and track the actions resulting

from the Risk Assessment

 Ensure sufficient monitoring systems and equipment is in place and there is

adequate equipment available on site e.g. Oxygen equipment.

 ensuring that mechanisms are in place to communicate the findings,

recommendations and requirements of the Hydrogen Sulphide Risk

Assessment to all relevant personnel (including contractors, visitors, etc).

2.5

AREA AUTHORITIES

Area Authorities shall ensure that:

 Hydrogen Sulphide Risk Assessments are carried out before any related

tasks are undertaken or begun

 Personnel working under their supervision are aware of the risks involving

Hydrogen Sulphide and are aware of the necessary precautions.

 Personnel working under their supervision are trained in the use of monitoring

devices and other protective systems.

2.6

SAFETY ADVISORS

Safety Advisers are responsible for providing technical support, guidance and

Control Tier:

<<2>>

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Procedure for Hydrogen Sulphide

Page 5 of 18

advice, whenever required.

2.7

HEALTH MANAGER

The Health Manager is responsible for:

 maintaining this Safe System of Work

 ensuring Company training programmes comply with the requirements of this

Safe System of Work.

HYDROGEN SULPHIDE DESCRIPTION

3.1

WHERE HYDROGEN SULPHIDE CAN OCCUR

Hydrogen Sulphide can occur naturally:

 in crude oil and gas

 during the decomposition of organic materials, including sewage

 in de-oxygenated seawater, which encourages the growth of Sulphate-

reducing Bacteria (SBR)

In addition, Hydrogen Sulphide can be produced as a by-product:

 while processing hydrocarbons that contain Sulphur

 from the chemical action of acids on metallic sulphides; for example, during

the chemical cleaning of equipment containing Iron Sulphide deposits.

H₂S is generated by bacteria in seawater, which thrives in conditions of oxygen

deficiency and, together with organic materials as a nutrient, reduces the sulphate in

seawater to hydrogen sulphide

3.2

PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE

Characteristics of H₂S

Principle characteristics of H₂S are:

 Highly toxic, colourless, flammable gas which, in relatively low

concentrations, can quickly cause unconsciousness

 Approximately

20% denser than air and therefore can accumulate inn

depressions around an area where the gas is present

 Has an auto-ignition temperature of 260^oC, is flammable in the range of

4.3% to 45% volume in air and burns with a blue flame to produce sulphur

dioxide, which is also toxic

Control Tier:

<<2>>

Revision Date: <<12 October 2004>>

Document Number: << AZSPU-HSSE-DOC-00066-2>>

Print Date: 7/24/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING. THE

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Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 5) - page 38