Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction 2020 (M 41-10)

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7. Return soil to a uniform finished grade, 1 inch, or the specified depth of mulch plus

1 inch, below walks, curbs, junction and valve boxes, catch basins, and driveways,
unless otherwise specified.

8. Begin planting and mulching the area within two days of final preparation.

8-02.3(6) Mulch and Amendments

The Contractor shall place soil amendments of the type, quality, and quantities specified
where shown in the Plans or as specified in the Special Provisions. Areas receiving soil
amendments shall be bare soil or vegetation free prior to application. All soil amendments
shall be installed as shown in the Plans within 30 calendar days after delivery to the
project site.

8-02.3(6)A Compost

Compost used for soil amendments shall be Fine Compost unless otherwise designated
in the Plans. When compost blanket is used for temporary erosion control, the compost
blanket may be incorporated into the soil immediately prior to planting when used as
compost soil amendment. The area shall be prepared in accordance with Section 8-02.3(5)
prior to placing compost.

8-02.3(6)B Fertilizers

The Contractor shall apply fertilizer in the form, mixture, and rate specified in the
Special Provisions or as directed by the Engineer. Application procedures shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations unless otherwise specified in the
Special Provisions.

The Contractor shall submit a guaranteed fertilizer analysis label for the selected
product a minimum of one week prior to application for acceptance. Following the
Engineer’s acceptance, fertilizing of the accepted ground or vegetated surfaces shall
begin immediately.

In seeding and lawn areas to be fertilized, the fertilizer shall be applied concurrently
with the seed. When fertilizer is hydraulically applied, the fertilizer shall be suitable for
application with seeding as specified in Section 8-02.3(9)C. If hydroseeding, the fertilizer
shall be placed in the hydroseeder tank no more than 1 hour prior to application.

Fertilizers for planting areas shall be applied concurrently with compost and applied prior
to incorporation, unless tablet form fertilizer is specified. Where tablet form fertilizer is
specified, fertilizer shall be applied concurrently with plant installation.

Fertilizer sprayed on signs or sign structures shall be removed the same day.

Areas not accessible by fertilizing equipment shall be fertilized by allowed hand methods.

Second Application: A second application of fertilizer shall be applied as specified in the
Special Provisions at the locations designated in the Plans. The fertilizer shall be applied
during the months of March, April, or May of the following year after the initial seeding,
planting, or lawn installation. The fertilizer shall be dry granular pellets or pearls and

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applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations or as specified in the
Special Provisions.

8-02.3(7) Layout of Planting, Lawn and Seeding Areas

The Contractor shall lay out and prepare planting and lawn areas and receive the
Engineer’s acceptance of layout and preparation prior to any installation activities. The
Contractor shall stake the location of all trees larger than 1-inch caliper and the perimeter
of all planting areas for acceptance by the Engineer prior to any installation activities.

The Contractor shall locate all trees to be planted in mowable grass areas a minimum of
10 feet from the edge of planting areas, other trees, fence lines, and bottom of ditches
unless otherwise specified.

Tree locations shown in the Plans shall be considered approximate unless shown with
stationing and offset distance. In irrigated areas, trees shall be located so their trunk is a
minimum of ⅓ of the spray radius away from the nearest sprinkler head.

Unless otherwise shown, planting areas located adjacent to Roadways shall begin 6 feet
from the edge of shoulder on roadway fills and begin 5 feet up on the back slope from
the bottom on roadway cut sections. Plants within planting areas shall be located such
that mature branching pattern will not block sight distance, signs, or other traffic-related
devices. No trees shall be placed where the mature canopy will grow to within 10 feet of
existing power lines. Where roadside ditches are present, planting areas shall begin 5 feet
from the centerline of the ditch unless shown otherwise in the Plans.

8-02.3(8) Planting

8-02.3(8)A

Dates and Conditions for Planting

The Contracting Agency will make an inspection of plant material at the source when
requested by the Engineer. However, such preliminary approval shall not be considered
as final acceptance for payment. Final inspection and approval (or rejection) will only
occur when the plant material has been delivered to the Contract site. The Contractor
shall notify the Engineer, not less than 48 hours in advance, of plant material delivery to
the project.

No plant material shall be planted until it has been inspected and accepted for planting
by the Engineer. Rejected material shall be removed from the project site immediately. All
plants for the project or a sufficient quantity to plant 1-acre of the site, whichever is less,
shall be received on site prior to the Engineer beginning inspection of the plants.

Plants delivered as a single unit of 25 or less of the same size, species, and variety, shall
be clearly marked and tagged. Plants delivered in large quantities of more than 25 must
be segregated as to variety, grade, and size; and one plant in each 25, or fraction thereof,
of each variety, grade, and size shall be tagged. No substitution of plant material, species
or variety, will be permitted unless evidence is submitted in writing to the Engineer that
a specified plant cannot be obtained and has been unobtainable since the Award of the
Contract. If substitution is permitted, it can be made only with written approval by the

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Engineer. The nearest variety, size, and grade, as approved by the Engineer, shall then
be furnished.

Container or balled and burlapped plant material may be substituted for bare root plant
material. Container grown plant material may be substituted for balled and burlapped
plant materials. When substitution is allowed, use current ASNS standards to determine
the correct rootball volume (container or balled and burlapped) of the substituted material
that corresponds to that of the specified material. These substitutions shall be approved
by the Engineer and be at no cost to the Contracting Agency.

Plants stored under temporary conditions prior to installation shall be the responsibility of
the Contractor.

Plants stored on the project shall be protected at all times from extreme weather
conditions by insulating the roots, root balls, or containers with sawdust, soil, compost,
bark or wood chips, or other approved material and shall be kept moist at all times prior
to planting.

Cuttings shall continually be shaded and protected from wind. Cuttings shall be protected
from drying at all times and shall be heeled into moist soil or other insulating material or
placed in water if not installed within 8 hours of cutting. Cuttings to be stored for later
installation shall be bundled, laid horizontally, and completely buried under 6 inches
of water, moist soil or placed in cold storage at a temperature of 34°F and 90 percent
humidity. Cuttings that are not planted within 24 hours of cutting shall be soaked in water
for 24 hours prior to planting. Cuttings taken when the temperature is higher than 50°F
shall not be stored for later use. Cuttings that already have developed roots shall not
be used.

Under no circumstances will planting be permitted during unsuitable soil or weather
conditions as determined by the Engineer. Unsuitable conditions may include frozen soil,
freezing weather, saturated soil, standing water, high winds, heavy rains, and high water
levels. All planting shall be accomplished during the following periods:
1. Non-Irrigated Plant Material

Western Washington

(West of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

Eastern Washington

(East of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

October 1 through March 1

October 1 through November 15

2. Irrigated Plant Material

In irrigated areas, plant material shall not be installed until the irrigation system is
fully operational and accepted by the Engineer. Trees and shrubs may be planted
in irrigated areas during the non-irrigated planting window before the irrigation
system is functional with the written concurrence of the Engineer only if the
irrigation system is guaranteed to be operational prior to the end of the non-irrigated
planting window.

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8-02.3(8)B

Plant Installation

The Contractor shall handle plant material in the following manner:
1. Root systems shall be kept covered and damp at all times. Plant material shall be kept

in containers until the time of planting.

2. Roots shall not be bunched, curled, twisted, or unreasonably bent when placed in the

planting hole. Bare root plant material shall be dormant at the time of harvesting and
planting. The root systems of all bare root plant material shall be dipped in a slurry
immediately prior to planting.

3. Plant material supplied in wrapped balls shall not be removed from the wrapping

until the time of planting at the planting location. The root system of balled plant
material shall be moist at the time of planting. Root balls shall be loosened prior to
planting. All burlap, baskets, string, wire and other such materials shall be removed
from the hole when planting balled plants.

4. Plant cutting material shall be dormant at the time of cutting and planting. All

cuttings shall be installed immediately if buds begin to swell.

5. Plants shall be placed with the crown at the finished grade. In their final position,

plants shall have their top true root (not adventitious root) no more than 1 inch
below the soil surface, no matter where that root was located in the original root
ball or container. The backfill material, including container and root ball soil, shall be
thoroughly watered on the same day that planting occurs regardless of season.

When installing plants, the Contractor shall dig planting holes three times the diameter of
the container or root ball size. Any glazed surface of the planting hole shall be roughened
prior to planting.

8-02.3(8)C

Pruning, Staking, Guying, and Wrapping

Plants shall be pruned at the time of planting, only to remove minor broken or damaged
twigs, branches or roots. Pruning shall be performed with a sharp tool and shall be done
in such a manner as to retain or to encourage natural growth characteristics of the plants.
All other pruning shall be performed only after the plants have been in the ground at least
1 year and when plants are dormant.

Trees shall only be staked when so noted in the Plans. Each tree shall be staked or guyed
before completion of the backfilling in accordance with the details shown in the Plans.

Commercial plant ties may be used in lieu of hose and wire guying upon concurrence of
the Engineer. Trees shall be wrapped when so noted in the Plans.

8-02.3(9) Seeding, Fertilizing, and Mulching

For all seed, the Contractor shall furnish the following documentation to the Engineer:
1. The state or provincial seed dealer license and endorsements.
2. Copies of Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) test results on each

lot of seed. Test results shall be within six months prior to the date of application.

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8-02.3(9)A

Dates for Application of Seed

Unless otherwise allowed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall apply seed for permanent
erosion control during the following periods:

Western Washington

(West of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

Eastern Washington

(East of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

March 1 through May 15

September 1 through October 1

October 1 through November 15

Seeding may be allowed outside these dates when allowed by the Engineer.

All roadway excavation and embankment ground surfaces that are completed to final
grades shall be prepared and seeded during the first available seeding window. When
environmental conditions are not conducive to satisfactory results, the Engineer may
suspend the seeding Work until such time that the desired results are likely to be
obtained. If seeding is suspended, temporary erosion control methods according to
Section 8-01 shall be used to protect the bare soil until seeding conditions improve.

8-02.3(9)B

Seeding and Fertilizing

The Contractor shall prepare the seeding area in accordance with Section 8-02.3(5)A
and apply seed at the rate and mix specified in the Special Provisions. The Contractor
shall notify the Engineer within 5 days in advance of any seeding operation and shall
not begin the Work until areas prepared or designated for seeding have been accepted.
Following the Engineer’s acceptance, seeding of the accepted ground surfaces shall begin
immediately.

Seeding shall not be done during windy weather or when the ground is frozen, or
excessively wet.

When seeding by hand, the seed shall be incorporated into the top ¼ inch of soil by hand
raking or other method that is allowed by the Engineer.

Seed applied as a separate operation using a hydroseeder shall have a tracer added to
visibly aid uniform application. The tracer shall be HECP Short-Term Mulch applied at
a rate of 200 to 250 pounds per acre and the tracer shall carry the measured specified
seeding rate.

8-02.3(9)C

Seeding with Fertilizers and Mulches

When the Proposal includes any variation of seeding, fertilizing, and mulching, the
seed and fertilizer shall be applied in one application followed by mulching. West of
the Cascade Mountains, seed, fertilizer, and mulch may be completely applied in one
application. East of the Cascades, seeding, fertilizing, and mulching shall not be applied
as a single application unless allowed by the Engineer in writing prior to application. The
fertilizing and mulching shall meet the requirements of Sections 8-02.3(6) and 8-02.3(11).

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8-02.3(9)D Inspection

Seeded areas will be inspected upon completion of seeding, fertilizing, and mulching. The
Work in any area will not be measured for payment until a uniform distribution of the
materials is accomplished at the specified rate. Areas that have not received a uniform
application of seed, fertilizer, and mulch at the specified rate, as determined by the
Engineer, shall be re-seeded, re-fertilized, or re-mulched prior to payment for seeding
within a designated area.

8-02.3(9)E

Protection and Care of Seeded Areas

The Contractor shall install and establish a stable and weed free stand of grass as
specified within all designated permanent seeding areas. A stable stand of grass shall
meet the following requirements:
1. A dense and uniform canopy cover, 70% for Western Washington and 50% for

Eastern Washington, of specified species covers all seeded areas after 3 months
of active growth following germination during the growing season. Canopy cover
is defined as the cover of living and vigorous grass blades, leaves, and shoots of
specified species. Volunteer species, weeds, woody plants, or other undesirable
vegetation shall not factor into the canopy cover. Growth and establishment may
require supplemental irrigation to meet cover requirements.

2. Stand health is evident by vigorously growing planted species having a uniform rich-

green appearance and with no dead patches or major gaps of growth. A stand of
grass that displays rusting, wilting, stunted growth, disease, yellowing or browning of
leaves, or bare patches does not meet the stand health requirement.

3. The Contractor shall establish a stable stand of grass free of all weeds, non-specified

grasses, and other undesirable vegetation. Weed control shall be in accordance
with the Weed and Pest Control Plan and occur on a monthly basis during the
establishment period and through the life of the Contract.

4. Remove all trash, rocks, construction debris, and other obstructions that may be

detrimental to the continued establishment of future seeding.

In addition to the requirements of Section 1-07.13(1), restoration of eroded areas
including clean up, removal, and proper disposal of eroded material, filling and raking of
eroded areas with Topsoil Type A or fine compost, and re-application of the specified
seed, fertilizer, and mulch shall occur at no additional cost to the Contracting Agency.

8-02.3(10) Lawn Installation

8-02.3(10)A

Dates and Conditions for Lawn Installation

In irrigated areas, lawn installation shall not begin until the irrigation system
is fully operational.

Unless otherwise allowed by the Engineer, seeded lawn installation shall be performed
during the following time periods at the location shown:

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Western Washington

(West of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

Eastern Washington

(East of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

March 1 through May 15

September 1 through October 1

October 1 through November 15

When irrigation system is operational

March 1 through October 1

When irrigation system is operational

March 1 through November 1

8-02.3(10)B

Lawn Seeding and Sodding

The Contractor shall prepare the lawn area in accordance with Section 8-02.3(5) and
apply seed at the mix and rate of application as specified in the Special Provisions.

The Contractor shall have the option of sodding in lieu of seeding for lawn installation
at no additional expense to the Contracting Agency. The available grass mixtures on the
current market shall be submitted to the Engineer for selection and acceptance. Seeding
in lieu of sodding will not be allowed.

Seed placed by hand shall be raked into the soil. Following raking, the seeded soil shall
be rolled with a smooth 50-pound roller. Sod strips shall be placed within 48 hours of
being cut. Placement shall be without voids and have the end joints staggered. Following
placement, the sod shall be rolled with a smooth roller to establish contact with the soil.

Barriers shall be erected, with warning signs where necessary, to preclude pedestrian
traffic access to the newly placed lawn during the establishment period.

8-02.3(10)C

Lawn Establishment

Lawn establishment shall consist of caring for all new lawn areas within the limits of the
project.

The lawn establishment period shall begin immediately after the lawn seeding or sodding
has been accepted by the Engineer and shall extend to the end of four mowings or
20 working days whichever is longer. The mowings shall be done in accordance with
Section 8-02.3(10)D.

During the lawn establishment period, the Contractor shall ensure the continuing
healthy growth of the turf. This care shall include keeping the project in a presentable
condition including, but not limited to, removal of litter, mowing, trimming, removal of
grass clippings, edging, fertilization, insecticide and fungicide applications, weed control,
watering, repairing the irrigation system, and repair and reseeding all damaged areas.

Temporary barriers shall be removed only when directed by the Engineer.

All Work performed under lawn establishment shall comply with established turf
management practices.

Acceptance of lawn planting as specified will be based on a uniform stand of grass and a
uniform grade at the time of final inspection. The Contractor shall recultivate, re-grade,
reseed, and refertilize areas that are bare or have a poor stand of grass or not having
a uniform grade through any cause before final inspection at no additional cost to the
Contracting Agency.

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8-02.3(10)D Lawn Mowing

Lawn mowing shall begin immediately after the lawn establishment period has been
accepted by the Engineer and shall extend to the end of the Contract or the first-year
plant establishment, whichever is last.

The Contractor shall accomplish the following minimum requirements:
1. Mow, trim, and edge as often as conditions dictate, at a minimum, once per week

between April and September. Maximum height of lawn shall not exceed 3 inches.
The cutting height shall be 2 inches. Cuttings, trimmings, and edgings shall be
disposed of off the project site. When the Engineer allows the use of a mulching
mower, trimmings may be left in place.

2. Water as often as conditions dictate depending on weather and soil conditions.
3. Provide fertilizer, weed control, water, and other measures as necessary to establish

and maintain a healthy stand of grass.

8-02.3(11) Mulch

Mulches associated with seeding and planting shall be of the type specified in the Special
Provisions or as indicated in the Plans. The Contractor shall evenly apply mulch at the
rates indicated in the Plans. Mulches shall not be placed below the anticipated water
level of ditch slopes, pond bank slopes, and stream banks, or in areas of standing or
flowing water.

8-02.3(11)A

Mulch for Seeding Areas

The Contractor shall furnish and evenly apply Hydraulically Applied Erosion Control
Product (HECP) Long Term Mulch at the rates indicated and in accordance with the
Manufacturer’s specifications unless otherwise specified.

HECP Long Term Mulch shall be hydraulically applied at the rate of 3500 pounds per acre
with no more than 2000 pounds applied in any single lift. HECP mulch shall not be used
within the Ordinary High Water Mark.

Mulch sprayed on signs or sign Structures shall be removed the same day.

Areas not accessible by mulching equipment shall be mulched by accepted hand methods.

HECP Long Term Mulch may be applied with seed and fertilizer west of the summit of
the Cascade Range. East of the summit of the Cascade Range, seed and fertilizer shall be
applied in a single application followed by the application of mulch.

8-02.3(11)B

Bark or Woodchip Mulch

The Contractor shall apply bark or wood chip mulch of the type and depth specified
where shown in the Plans or as specified in the Special Provisions.

The Contractor shall complete final grading and placement/incorporation of soil
amendments within the planting area prior to placement of mulch. Areas receiving bark

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mulch shall be bare soil or vegetation free before application, except where trees and
other plants are specifically identified in the Plans or designated by the Engineer to be
saved and protected.

Bark or wood chip mulch shall be placed to a uniform non-compacted depth of 3 inches
over all planting areas unless otherwise specified. Mulch shall be feathered to the
base of the plant and 1 inch below the top of junction and valve boxes, curbs, and
pavement edges.

Any contamination of the mulch due to the Contractor’s operations shall be corrected to
its former condition at no additional cost to the Contracting Agency. Mulch placed to a
thickness greater than specified shall be at no additional cost to the Contracting Agency.

The Contractor shall keep plant material crowns, runners, and branches free of mulch at
all times.

8-02.3(11)C

Bark or Woodchip Mulch Rings

The Contractor shall apply mulch rings around plants installed within existing vegetation
areas or within seeded areas as shown in the Plans. Bark or wood chip mulch rings shall
be applied to the surface of vegetation free amended soil in the isolated plant locations
where shown in the Plans or as specified in the Special Provisions. Bark or wood chip
mulch shall be placed to a uniform non-compacted depth of 3 inches to a radius of 2 feet
around all plants within interplanted plant locations.

8-02.3(12) Completion of Initial Planting

Upon completion of the initial planting within a designated area, the Engineer will make
an inspection of all planting areas. The Engineer will notify the Contractor, in writing,
of any replacements or corrective action necessary to meet the plant installation
requirements. The Contractor shall replace all materials rejected or missing and correct
unsatisfactory conditions.

Completion of the initial planting within a designated area includes the following
conditions:
1. 100 percent of each of the plant material categories are installed as shown in the

Plans.

2. Planting Area is cleaned up.
3. Repairs

are completed, including but not limited to, full operation of the irrigation

system.

4. Mulch coverage is complete.
5. All weeds are controlled.

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8-02.3(13) Plant Establishment

Plant establishment consists of caring for all plants and  planting areas within the project
limits. The provisions of Sections 1-07.13(2) and 1-07.13(3) do not apply to this Section.

When the Proposal includes the bid item PSIPE____ (Plant Selection Including Plant
Establishment), that bid item includes one year of plant establishment Work. The first
year of plant establishment shall begin immediately upon written notification from
the Engineer of the completion of initial planting for the project. The first-year plant
establishment period shall be a minimum of one calendar year. The one calendar year shall
be extended an amount equal to any periods where the Contractor does not comply with
the plant establishment requirements and plan.

During the first-year plant establishment period, the Contractor shall perform all Work
necessary to ensure the resumption and continued growth of the transplanted material.
This Work shall include, but is not limited to, applying water, removing foreign, dead,
or rejected plant material, maintaining all planting areas in a weed-free condition, and
replacing all unsatisfactory plant material planted under the Contract. If plants are stolen
or damaged by the acts of others, the Contracting Agency will pay invoice cost only for
the replacement plants with no mark-up and the Contractor will be responsible for the
labor to install the replacement plants. Other weed control within the project limits but
outside of planting, lawn, or seeding areas shall be as specified in Section 8-02.3(3)C.

During the first year of plant establishment, the Contractor shall meet monthly or at
an agreed upon schedule with the Engineer for the purpose of joint inspection of the
planting material. The Contractor shall correct all unsatisfactory conditions identified
by the Engineer within a 10-day period immediately following the inspection. If plant
replacement is required, the Contractor shall, within the 10-day period, submit a plan and
schedule for the plant procurement and replacement to occur during the planting period
as designated in Section 8-02.3(8). At the end of the plant establishment period, plants
that do not show normal growth shall be replaced and all staking and guying that remain
on the project shall be removed unless otherwise allowed by the Engineer.

All automatic irrigation systems shall be operated fully automatic during the plant
establishment period and until final acceptance of the Contract. Payment for water
used to water in plants, or hand watering of plant material or lawn areas unless
otherwise specified, is the responsibility of the Contractor during the first-year plant
establishment period.

Subsequent year plant establishment periods shall begin immediately at the completion
of the preceding year’s plant establishment period. Each subsequent plant establishment
period shall be one full calendar year in duration.

During the plant establishment period(s) after the first year plant establishment, the Work
necessary for the continued healthy and vigorous growth of all plants material shall be
performed as directed by the Engineer.

Payment for water used to water plants during the subsequent year(s) of plant
establishment will be paid under the plant establishment item.

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8-02.3(14) Plant Replacement

The Contractor shall be responsible for growing or arrange to provide sufficient plants
for replacement of all plant material rejected through first-year plant establishment. All
replacement plant material shall be inspected and accepted by the Engineer prior to
installation. All rejected plant material shall be replaced with acceptable plants meeting
the specifications and installed according to the requirements of this Section at dates
allowed by the Engineer.

All replacement plants shall be of the same species as the plants they replace and meet
the requirements of Section 9-14.8 unless otherwise allowed by the Engineer. Plants may
vary in size reflecting one season of growth should the Contractor elect to hold plant
material under nursery conditions for an additional year to serve as replacement plants.
Replacement plant material larger than specified in the Plans shall meet the applicable
section requirements of the ASNS for container class, ball size, spread, and branching
characteristics.

8-02.3(15) Bioengineering

Bioengineering consists of using plant materials for the purpose of streambank or earthen
slope construction and surface stabilization. This Work may include installing woody plant
cuttings in various forms as well as part of streambank or earthen slope construction.

8-02.3(15)A

Live Fascines

Live fascines shall be constructed of live and dead cuttings bundled together with a
diameter of 8 to 18 inches. Live cuttings shall be the species shown in the Plans. Dead
branches may be cuttings from any woody, non-invasive plant native to the project area.
Dead branches may be placed within the live fascine and on the side exposed to the air.
Live branches shall be placed in contact with the soil along their entire length. Each live
fascine must contain a minimum of eight live branches. Dead branches shall constitute no
more than 40 percent of the total fascine content.

The total length of each live fascine shall be a minimum of 5 feet. Branches shall be
bundled into log-like forms and bound with biodegradable twine spaced at 1-foot
intervals along the entire length of the live fascine. Live fascines shall be installed
horizontally in a trench whose depth shall be ½ the diameter of the live fascine. Secure
the live fascine with live stakes 3 feet in length and ¾ inch in diameter placed at 18-inch
intervals. A minimum of three live stakes shall be used per fascine. The live stakes shall be
driven through the live fascine vertically into the slope. The ends of live fascines shall be
woven together so that no gap remains between the two sections of the live fascine.

Prior to being covered with soil, the fascine shall be thoroughly watered. Once the fascine
is covered with 6 inches of soil, the soil covering the fascine shall be thoroughly watered.

When used to remedy erosion areas, live fascines shall extend a minimum of two feet
beyond the visible area of erosion and soil disturbance. The locations for live fascines and
live stake rows shall be identified in the field for review and acceptance by the Engineer.

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The Engineer may require adjustment of fascine locations prior to installation in order to
best accomplish the intended functions.

Plant replacement during plant establishment for “PSIPE Live Fascine” will be required for
any section void of live shoots for a length of 3 feet or more. Replacement shall consist
of installing live stakes, spaced 1 foot apart above the fascine within the area void of
live shoots. Live stakes shall be of the same species as the live fascine and shall have a
minimum length of 3 feet and a minimum diameter of ¾ inch. The requirements of Section
8-02.3(8) apply to PSIPE Live Fascine.

8-02.3(15)B

Brush Mattress

Live brush mattress shall be constructed of live branch cuttings, live poles, jute rope and
topsoil. The live cuttings and live poles shall be from the plant species designated in the
Plans. Live branch cuttings shall be placed with the cut ends oriented down slope as
shown in the Plans. Cuttings shall overlap from side to side and from top to bottom as
each layer is constructed. The live branches in each succeeding upper layer shall overlap
the adjacent lower layer by a minimum of 6 inches. A maximum of 20 percent of the
branches may be dead branches, but the live branches shall be distributed evenly to
provide even rooting and growth over the entire area of the brush mattress.

The Contractor shall anchor the live brush mattress to the slope using stakes and jute
rope as shown in the Plans. Initially, the stakes shall be installed to protrude above the
live brush mattress. The Contractor shall attach the jute rope to the stakes and tighten
the rope by tamping the stakes further into the bank, pulling the live brush mattress tight
against the soil surface. The Contractor shall cover the live brush mattress with sufficient
stockpiled topsoil to ensure good soil contact with the live plant material.

Plant replacement during plant establishment for “PSIPE Live Brush Mattress” will
be required for any section void of live shoots for an area of 25 square feet or more.
Replacement shall consist of installing live stakes, spaced 3 feet apart in a triangular
pattern within the area void of live shoots. Live stakes shall be of the same species as the
live brush mattress and shall have a minimum length of 3 feet and a minimum diameter of
¾ inch. The requirements of

Section 8-02.3(8)

apply to PSIPE Brush Mattress.

8-02.3(15)C

Brush Layer

Brush layers shall be constructed of live branch cuttings, randomly mixed, from the
plant species listed under the brush layer heading in the Plans. The number of branches
required will vary depending on the average branch diameter and layer thickness.

Brush layers shall be placed in a trench dug at a 45 degree incline into the slope or stream
bank. Two-thirds to three-fourths of the length of the live branches shall be buried. Soil
shall be firmly tamped in place. Succeeding layers shall be spaced as detailed in the Plans.
Brush layer placed in stream banks shall be angled downstream.

Brush layers may include plant establishment when designated as PSIPE Brush Layer.
Plant replacement for PSIPE Brush Layer will be required for each section void of live
shoots for a continuous distance of 3 feet or more. The requirements of Section 8-02.3(8)
apply to

PSIPE Brush Layer.

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Roadside Restoration

8-02.3(16) Roadside Maintenance Under Construction

When the Contract includes the item, Roadside Maintenance Under Construction, this
Work includes roadside mowing and ditch maintenance, and noxious weed control
outside of planting areas according to Section 8-02.3(3)C.

8-02.3(16)A

Roadside Mowing

The Contractor shall mow designated roadside grass areas to the limits designated by the
Engineer. Roadside mowing is limited to slopes not steeper than 3(H) to 1(V).

The Contractor shall mow according to the following requirements:
1. Trim around traffic equipment, structures, planting areas, or other features extending

above ground preceding or simultaneously with each mowing.

2. Maintain grass between 4 and 12 inches in height.
3. Operate mowing equipment with suitable guards to prevent throwing rocks or debris

onto the traveled way or off of the Contracting Agency property. Power driven
equipment shall not cause ruts, deformation, and compaction of the vegetated soil.

4. Removing clippings is required on the traveled way, shoulders, walkways, or

Structures.

5. Restore soil rutting to a smooth and even grade at the direction of the Engineer.

8-02.3(16)B

Ditch Maintenance

The Contractor shall maintain drainage for the duration of the Contract according to the
following requirements:
1.  Maintain flow lines in drainage channels and roadside ditches.
2.  Cutting or trimming vegetation within drainage channels to maintain positive flow.
3.  Remove dirt and debris from inside of culverts or any drainage area where runoff has

allowed accumulations and re-seed for erosion control.

4. Restore channels to previous operational condition.

8-02.4 Measurement

Topsoil, bark or woodchip mulch and soil amendments will be measured by the acre or the
square yard along the grade and slope of the area covered immediately after placement.
Weed control pre-treatment of topsoil areas, excavation, and stockpiling are included in
the bid item “Topsoil Type ___.

Bark or woodchip mulch rings will be measured per each.

Compost will be measured by the acre or the square yard along the grade and slope of the
area covered immediately after application.

Seeding, fertilizing, and mulching will be measured by the acre or the square yard by
ground slope measurement or through the use of design data.

Roadside Restoration

8-02

Seeding and fertilizing by hand will be measured by the square yard. No adjustment in
area size will be made for the vegetation free zone around each plant.

Seeded lawn, sod installation, and lawn mowing will be measured along the ground slope
and computed in square yards of actual lawn completed, established, and accepted.

Plant selection will be measured per each.

PSIPE __ (Plant Selection Including Plant Establishment) will be measured per each.

Live Pole will be measured per each.

Live Stake Row will be measured by the linear foot along the ground slope line.

The pay quantities for plant materials will be determined by count of the number of
satisfactory plants in each category accepted by the Engineer.

Fascine and PSIPE live fascine will be measured by the linear foot along the ground
slope line.

Brush mattress and PSIPE live brush mattress will be measured by the surface square yard
along the ground slope line.

Brush layer and PSIPE brush layer will be measured by the linear foot along the ground
slope line.

Water will be measured in accordance with Section 2-07.4. Measurement will be made of
only that water hauled in tank trucks or similar equipment.

8-02.5 Payment

Payment will be made for each of the following listed Bid items that are included in the
Proposal:

“Project Area Weed and Pest Control” will be paid in accordance with Section 1-09.6.
For the purpose of providing a common Proposal for all Bidders, the Contracting
Agency entered an amount for “Project Area Weed and Pest Control” in the Proposal
to become a part of the total Bid by the Contractor. Payment under this item will be
made only when the Work is not already covered by other items.
“Topsoil Type ____”, per acre.
The unit Contract price per acre for “Topsoil Type ____” shall be full payment for all
costs for the specified Work.
“Fine Compost ”, per acre or per square yard.
“Medium Compost”, per acre or per square yard.
“Coarse Compost”, per acre or per square yard.
The unit Contract price per acre for “Fine Compost”, “Medium Compost” or “Coarse
Compost” shall be full pay for furnishing and spreading the compost onto the
existing soil.

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Roadside Restoration

“Soil Amendment”, per acre.
The unit Contract price per acre for “Soil Amendment” shall be full pay for furnishing
and incorporating the soil amendment into the existing soil.
“Plant Selection ___”, per each.
The unit Contract price for “Plant Selection ___”, per each shall be full pay for all
Work to perform the work as specified within the planting area prior to planting
for weed control, planting area preparation and installation of plants with
initial watering.
As the plants that do not include plant establishment are obtained, propagated, and
grown, partial payments will be made as follows:
Payment of 15 percent of the unit Contract price per each when the plant materials
have been contracted, propagated, and are growing under nursery conditions. The
Contractor shall provide the Engineer with certification that the plant material has
been procured or contracted for delivery to the project for planting within the time
limits of the project. The certification shall state the location, quantity, and size of all
material.
Payment will be increased to 100 percent of the unit Contract price per each for
contracted plant material at the completion of the initial planting.
All partial payments shall be limited to the actual number of healthy vigorous plants
that meet the stage requirements, limited to plan quantity. Previous partial payments
made for materials rejected or missing will be deducted from future payments due
the Contractor.
“PSIPE ___”, per each.
The unit Contract price for “PSIPE ___”, per each, shall be full pay for all Work to
perform as specified within the planting area for weed control and planting area
preparation, planting, cleanup, and water necessary to complete planting operations
as specified to the end of first year plant establishment.
As the plants that include plant establishment are obtained, propagated, and grown,
partial payments will be made as follows after inspection by the Engineer:
Payment of 5 percent of the unit Contract price, per each, when the plant materials
have been contracted, propagated, and are growing under nursery conditions. The
Contractor shall provide the Engineer with certification that the plant material has
been procured or contracted for delivery to the project for planting within the time
limits of the project. The certification shall state the location, quantity, and size of all
material.
Payment will be increased to 15 percent of the unit Contract price, per each, upon
completion of the initial weed control and planting area preparation Work.
Payment will be increased to 60 percent of the unit Contract price per each for the
contracted plant material in a designated unit area when planted.

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Payment will be increased to 70 percent of the unit Contract price per each for
contracted plant material at the completion of the initial planting.
Payment will be increased to the appropriate percentage upon reaching the
following plant establishment milestones:

June 30

80 percent

September 30

90 percent

Completion of first-year plant establishment or after

100 percent

all replacement plants have been installed, whichever
is later

Plant establishment milestones are achieved when planting areas meet conditions
described in

Section 8-02.3(13)

“Seeding, Fertilizing and Mulching”, per acre.
“Seeding and Fertilizing”, per acre or per square yard.
“Seeding and Fertilizing by Hand”, per square yard.
“Second Application of Fertilizer”, per acre.
“Seeding and Mulching”, per acre.
“Seeded Lawn Installation”, per square yard.
“Sod Installation”, per square yard.
“Lawn Mowing”, per square yard.
The unit Contract price per square yard for “Seeded Lawn Installation” or “Sod
Installation” shall be full pay for all costs necessary to prepare the area, plant or sod
the lawn, erect barriers, control weeds, and establish lawn areas and for furnishing all
labor, tools, equipment, and materials necessary to complete the Work as specified
and shall be paid in the following sequence for healthy, vigorous lawn:

Completion of Lawn Planting

60 percent of individual areas

Mid Lawn Establishment (after two mowings)

85 percent of individual areas

Completion of Lawn Establishment

100 percent of individual areas

(after four mowings)

“Plant Establishment Year ____” will be paid in accordance with Section 1-09.6.
For the purpose of providing a common Proposal for all Bidders, the Contracting
Agency entered an amount for “Plant Establishment - ___ Year” in the Proposal to
become a part of the total Bid by the Contractor.
“Live Pole”, per each.
“Live Stake Row”, per linear foot.
“Bark or Wood Chip Mulch”, per acre or per square yard.
“Bark or Wood Chip Mulch Rings”, per each.

Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction 2020 (M 41-10) - page 44