Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction 2020 (M 41-10)

Page 7-76

Side Sewers

7-18.3(4) Extending Side Sewers Into Private Property

Side sewers shall not be constructed on private property prior to completion and
acceptance of the main line and side sewer on public Right of Way or easement unless
approved in writing by the Engineer.

7-18.3(5) End Pipe Marker

The location of side sewers at the property line shall be marked by the Contractor with a
2 by 4-inch wooden stake 4 feet long buried in the ground a depth of 3 feet. The low end
shall have a 2 by 4-inch cleat nailed to it to prevent withdrawal of the stake. The exposed
end shall be painted traffic white and the depth to the side sewer or tee shall be indicated
in black paint on the 2 by 4. In addition, a length of 12-gage galvanized wire shall be
provided to extend from the plugged end of the side sewer or tee. The upper end shall
emerge at the 4-foot stake, but shall not be fastened to it.

7-18.4 Measurement

Measurement shall be as specified in

Section 7-17.4

7-18.5 Payment

Payment shall be made for each of the Bid items shown in

Section 7-17.5

that are

included in the Proposal.

The unit Contract price per linear foot for sewer pipe of the various kind and size
specified shall be full pay for all Work required for the completion of the installation
including fittings and end pipe marker.

Sewer Cleanouts

7-19

Sewer Cleanouts

7-19.1 Description

This Work consists of constructing sanitary sewer cleanouts in accordance with the Plans,
these Specifications, and the

Standard Plans

as staked.

7-19.2 Materials

All materials incorporated into the total cleanout Structure shall meet the requirements of
the various applicable sections of these Specifications.

7-19.3

Construction Requirements

A cleanout shall be provided for each total change of 90 degrees of grade or alignment
and in no case shall the spacing of cleanouts exceed 100 feet. No cleanout will be
required at the connection of the side sewer to a riser on the public sewer. A suitably
located cleanout in the house piping or plumbing may be considered as a cleanout for the
side sewer. Cleanouts shall consist of a wye branch in the side sewer.

All cleanouts located in public rights of way shall be extended to grade.

The extension of cleanouts to grade on private property will be optional with the property
owner. When extended to grade, cleanouts shall be full side sewer diameter and shall be
extended to a point not less than 6 inches nor more than 12 inches below the finished
ground surface and shall be plugged with a removable stopper which will prevent passage
of dirt or water. When specified, the Contractor shall install an approved casting to
provide ready access to the cleanout stopper. A ⅛ bend shall be used to deflect the side
sewer upward as a cleanout where the terminal end of the side sewer lies upstream from
the last point of connection.

7-19.4 Measurement

Sewer cleanouts will be measured per each.

7-19.5 Payment

Payment will be made for the following Bid item when listed in the Proposal:

“Sewer Cleanout”, per each.
The unit Contract price per each for cleanouts shall be full pay for furnishing and
placing the wye, pipe, pipe bends, pipe plug, castings, and collar as specified herein
and as shown on the

Standard Plans

Division 8

Miscellaneous Construction

8-01

Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

8-01.1 Description

This Work consists of furnishing, installing, maintaining, removing and disposing of best
management practices (BMPs), as defined in the Washington Administrative Code (WAC)
173-201A, to manage erosion and water quality in accordance with these Specifications
and as shown in the Plans or as designated by the Engineer.

The Contracting Agency may have a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System
Construction Stormwater General Permit (CSWGP) as identified in the Contract Special
Provisions. The Contracting Agency may or may not transfer coverage of the CSWGP to
the Contractor when a CSWGP has been obtained. The Contracting Agency may not have
a CSWGP for the project but may have another water quality related permit as identified
in the Contract Special Provisions or the Contracting Agency may not have water quality
related permits but the project is subject to applicable laws for the Work. Section
8-01 covers all of these conditions.

8-01.1(1) Definitions

1. pH Affected Stormwater

a. Stormwater contacting green concrete (concrete that has set/stiffen but is still

curing), recycled concrete, or engineered soils (as defined in the Construction
Stormwater General Permit (CSWGP)) as a natural process

b. pH monitoring shall be performed in accordance with the CSWGP, or

Water Quality Standards (WQS in accordance with WAC 173-201A (surface)
or 173-200C (ground)) when the CSWGP does not apply

c. May be neutralized and discharged to surface waters or infiltrated

2. pH Affected Non-Stormwater

a. Conditionally authorized in accordance with CSWGP Special Condition S.1.C.,

uncontaminated water contacting green concrete, recycled concrete, or
engineered soils (as defined in the CSWGP)

b. Shall not be categorized as cementitious wastewater/concrete wastewater, as

defined below

c. Shall be managed and treated in accordance with the CSWGP, or WQS when

the CSWGP does not apply

d. pH adjustment and dechlorination may be necessary, as specified in the

CSWGP or in accordance with WQS when the CSWGP does not apply

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Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

e. May be neutralized, treated, and discharged to surface waters in accordance

with the CSWGP, with the exception of water-only shaft drilling slurry. Water-
only shaft drilling slurry may be treated, neutralized, and infiltrated but not
discharged to surface waters (Refer to Special Conditions S1.C. Authorized
Discharges and S1.d Prohibited Discharges of the CSWGP)

3. Cementitious Wastewater/Concrete Wastewater

a. Any water that comes into contact with fine cementitious particles or slurry;

any water used in the production, placement and/or clean-up of cementitious
products; any water used to cut, grind, wash, or otherwise modify cementitious
products

b. When any water, including stormwater, commingles with cementitious

wastewater/concrete wastewater, the resulting water is considered
cementitious wastewater/concrete wastewater and shall be managed to
prevent discharge to waters of the State, including ground water

c. CSWGP Examples include: water used for or resulting from concrete truck/

mixer/pumper/tool/chute rinsing or washing, concrete saw cutting and
surfacing (sawing, coring, grinding, roughening, hydro-demolition, bridge and
road surfacing)

d. Cannot be neutralized and discharged or infiltrated

8-01.2 Materials

Materials shall meet the requirements of the following sections:

Corrugated Polyethylene Drain Pipe

9-05.1(6)

Quarry Spalls and Permeable Ballast

Seed

Fertilizer

Mulch and Amendments

Tackifier

Erosion Control Devices

9-14.6

Plant Materials

9-14.7

Construction Geotextile

9-33

Recycled concrete, in any form, shall not be used for any Work defined in

Section 8-01

8-01.3

Construction Requirements

8-01.3(1) General

Adaptive management shall be employed throughout the duration of the project for
the implementation of erosion and water pollution control permit requirements for the
current condition of the project site. The adaptive management includes the selection
and utilization of BMPs, scheduling of activities, prohibiting unacceptable practices,
implementing maintenance procedures, and other managerial practices that when used
singularly or in combination, prevent or reduce the release of pollutants to waters of

Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

8-01

the State. The adaptive management shall use the means and methods identified in
this section and means and methods identified in the Washington State Department of
Transportation’s Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control Manual or the Washington State
Department of Ecology’s Stormwater Management Manuals for construction stormwater.

The Contractor shall install a high visibility fence along the lines shown in the Plans or as
instructed by the Engineer.

Throughout the life of the project, the Contractor shall preserve and protect the
delineated preservation area, acting immediately to repair or restore any high visibility
fencing damaged or removed.

All discharges to surface waters shall comply with surface water quality standards as
defined in Washington Administrative Code (WAC) Chapter 173-201A. All discharges to
groundwater shall comply with groundwater quality standards WAC Chapter 173-200.
The Contractor shall comply with the CSWGP when the project is covered by the CSWGP.

Work, at a minimum, shall include the implementation of:
1. Sediment control measures prior to ground disturbing activities to ensure all

discharges from construction areas receive treatment prior to discharging from
the site.

2. Flow control measures to prevent erosive flows from developing.
3. Water management strategies and pollution prevention measures to prevent

contamination of waters that will be discharged to surface waters or the ground.

4.  Erosion control measures to stabilize erodible earth not being worked.
5.  Maintenance of BMPs to ensure continued compliant performance.
6.  Immediate corrective action if evidence suggests construction activity is not in

compliance. Evidence includes sampling data, olfactory or visual evidence such as the
presence of suspended sediment, turbidity, discoloration, or oil sheen in discharges.

To the degree possible, the Contractor shall coordinate this Work with permanent
drainage and roadside restoration Work the Contract requires.

Clearing, grubbing, excavation, borrow, or fill within the Right of Way shall never expose
more erodible earth than as listed below:

Western Washington

(West of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

Eastern Washington

(East of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

May 1 through September 30

17 Acres

April 1 through October 31

17 Acres

October 1 through April 30

5 Acres

November 1 through March 31

5 Acres

The Engineer may increase or decrease the limits based on project conditions.

Erodible earth is defined as any surface where soils, grindings, or other materials may be
capable of being displaced and transported by rain, wind, or surface water runoff.

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Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

Erodible earth not being worked, whether at final grade or not, shall be covered within the
specified time period (see the table below) BMPs for erosion control.

Western Washington

(West of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

Eastern Washington

(East of the Cascade Mountain Crest)

October 1 through April 30 2 days maximum

October 1 through June 30 5 days maximum

May 1 to September 30

7 days maximum

July 1 through September 30 10 days maximum

When applicable, the Contractor shall be responsible for all Work required for compliance
with CSWGP including annual permit fees.

If the Engineer, under

Section 1-08.6

, orders the Work suspended, the Contractor shall

continue to comply with this division during the suspension.

8-01.3(1)A Submittals

8-01.3(1)A1 Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control Plan

Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control (TESC) Plans consist of a narrative section
and plan sheets that meets Ecology’s Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP)
requirement in the CSWGP. For projects that do not require a CSWGP but have the
potential to discharge to surface waters of the state, an abbreviated TESC plan shall
be used, which may consist of a narrative and/or plan sheets and shall demonstrate
compliance with applicable codes, ordinances and regulations, including the water quality
standards for surface waters, Chapter 173-201A of the Washington Administrative
Code (WAC) and water quality standards for groundwaters in accordance with Chapter
173-200 WAC.

The Contractor shall either adopt the TESC Plan in the Contract or develop a new
TESC Plan. If the Contractor adopts the TESC Plan in scenarios in which the CSWGP is
transferred to the Contractor, the Contractor shall modify the TESC Plan to match the
Contractor’s schedule, method of construction, and to include all areas that will be used
to directly support construction activity such as equipment staging yards, material storage
areas, or borrow areas. TESC Plans shall include all high visibility fence shown in the
Plans. All TESC Plans shall meet the requirements of the current edition of the WSDOT
Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control Manual M 3109 and be adaptively managed
throughout construction based on site inspections and required sampling to maintain
compliance with the CSWGP, or WQS when no CSWGP applies. The Contractor shall
develop a schedule for implementation of the TESC work and incorporate it into the
Contractor’s progress schedule.

The Contractor shall submit their TESC Plan (either the adopted plan or new plan) as
Type 2 Working Drawings. At the request of the Engineer updated TESC Plans shall be
submitted as Type 1 Working Drawings.

Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

8-01

8-01.3(1)B

Erosion and Sediment Control (ESC) Lead

The Contractor shall identify the ESC Lead at the preconstruction discussions and in
the TESC Plan. For projects with a CSWGP, the ESC Lead shall have, for the life of the
Contract, a current Certificate of Training in Construction Site Erosion and Sediment
Control from a course approved by the Washington State Department of Ecology. The
ESC Lead must be onsite or on call at all times throughout construction. The ESC Lead
shall be listed on the Emergency Contact List required under

Section 1-05.13(1)

The ESC Lead shall implement the TESC Plan. For projects with a CSWGP, implementation
shall include, but is not limited to:
1. Installing, adaptively managing, and maintaining temporary erosion and sediment

control BMPs to assure continued performance of their intended function. Damaged
or inadequate BMPs shall be corrected immediately.

2. Updating the TESC Plan to reflect current field conditions.
3. Discharge sampling and submitting Discharge Monitoring Reports (DMRs) to Ecology

in accordance with the CSWGP.

4. Develop and maintain the Site Log Book as defined in the CSWGP. When the

Site Log Book or portion thereof is electronically developed, the electronic
documentation must be accessible onsite. As a part of the Site Log Book, the
Contractor shall develop and maintain a tracking table to show that identified TESC
compliance issues are fully resolved within 10 calendar days. The table shall include
the date an issue was identified, a description of how it was resolved, and the date
the issue was fully resolved.

The ESC Lead shall also inspect all areas disturbed by construction activities, all on-
site erosion and sediment control BMP’s, and all stormwater discharge points at least
once every calendar week and within 24-hours of runoff events in which stormwater
discharges from the site. Inspections of temporarily stabilized, inactive sites may be
reduced to once every calendar month. For projects with a CSWGP, the Washington State
Department of Ecology’s Erosion and Sediment Control Site Inspection Form, located at
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/Permits-certifications/Stormwater-general-
permits/Construction-stormwater-permit shall be completed for each inspection and a
copy shall be submitted to the Engineer no later than the end of the next working day
following the inspection.

8-01.3(1)C

Water Management

Unless site water is to be managed in accordance with the conditions of a waste discharge
permit from a local permitting authority, site water shall be managed as follows:

8-01.3(1)C1

Disposal of Dewatering Water

When uncontaminated groundwater is encountered in an excavation on a project, it may
be infiltrated within vegetated areas of the right of way not designated as Sensitive Areas
or incorporated into an existing stormwater conveyance system at a rate that will not
cause erosion or flooding in any receiving surface water.

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Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

Alternatively, the Contractor may pursue independent disposal and treatment alternatives
that do not use the stormwater conveyance system provided it is in compliance with the
applicable WACs and permits.

8-01.3(1)C2

Process Wastewater

Wastewater generated on-site as a byproduct of a construction process shall not be
discharged to surface waters of the State. Some sources of process wastewater may be
infiltrated in accordance with the CSWGP. Some sources of process wastewater may be
disposed via independent disposal and treatment alternatives in compliance with the
applicable WACs andpermits.

8-01.3(1)C3

Shaft Drilling Slurry Wastewater

Wastewater generated on-site during shaft drilling activity shall be managed and disposed
of in accordance with the requirements below. No shaft drilling slurry wastewater shall be
discharged to surface waters of the State. Neither the sediment nor liquid portions of the
shaft drilling slurry wastewater shall be contaminated, as detectable by visible or olfactory
indication (e.g., chemical sheen or smell).
1. Water-only shaft drilling slurry or water slurry with accepted flocculants may be

infiltrated on-site. Flocculants used shall meet the requirements of

Section 9-14.5(1)

or shall be chitosan products listed as General Use Level Designation (GULD) on
the Department of Ecology’s stormwater treatment technologies webpage for
construction treatment. Infiltration is permitted if the following requirements are
met:
a. Wastewater shall have a pH of 6.5 – 8.5 prior to discharge.
b. The amount of flocculant added to the slurry shall be kept to the minimum

needed to adequately settle out solids. The flocculant shall be thoroughly mixed
into the slurry.

c. The slurry removed from the shaft shall be contained in a leak proof cell or tank

for a minimum of 3 hours.

d. The infiltration rate shall be reduced if needed to prevent wastewater from

leaving the infiltration location. The infiltration site shall be monitored regularly
during infiltration activity. All wastewater discharged to the ground shall fully
infiltrate and discharges shall stop before the end of each work day.

e. Drilling spoils and settled sediments remaining in the containment cell or tank

shall be disposed of in accordance with

Section 6-19.3(4)F

Infiltration locations shall be in upland areas at least 150 feet away from surface
waters, wells, on-site sewage systems, aquifer sensitive recharge areas, sole
source aquifers, well head protection areas, and shall be marked on the plan
sheets before the infiltration activity begins.

Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

8-01

g. Prior to infiltration, the Contractor shall submit a Shaft Drilling Slurry

Wastewater Management and Infiltration Plan as a Type 2 Working Drawing.
This Plan shall be kept on-site, adapted if needed to meet the construction
requirements, and updated to reflect what is being done in the field. The
Working Drawing shall include, at a minimum, the following information:
i. Plan sheet showing the proposed infiltration location and all surface

waters, wells, on-site sewage systems, aquifer-sensitive recharge areas,
sole source aquifers, and well-head protection areas within 150 feet.

ii. The proposed elevation of soil surface receiving the wastewater for

infiltration and the anticipated phreatic surface (i.e., saturated soil).

iii.  The source of the water used to produce the slurry.
iv.  The estimated total volume of wastewater to be infiltrated.
v.  The accepted flocculant to be used (if any).
vi.  The controls or methods used to prevent surface wastewater runoff from

leaving the infiltration location.

vii. The strategy for removing slurry wastewater from the shaft and containing

the slurry wastewater once it has been removed from the shaft.

viii. The strategy for monitoring infiltration activity and adapting methods to

ensure compliance.

ix. A contingency plan that can be implemented immediately if it becomes

evident that the controls in place or methods being used are not adequate.

x. The strategy for cleaning up the infiltration location after the infiltration

activity is done. Cleanup shall include stabilizing any loose sediment on the
surface within the infiltration area generated as a byproduct of suspended
solids in the infiltrated wastewater or soil disturbance associated with BMP
placement and removal.

2. Shaft drilling mineral slurry, synthetic slurry, or slurry with polymer additives not

allowed for infiltration shall be contained and disposed of by the Contractor at an
accepted disposal facility in accordance with

Section 2-03.3(7)C

. Spoils that have

come into contact with mineral slurry shall be disposed of in accordance with

Section

6-19.3(4)F

8-01.3(1)C4

Management of Off-Site Water

Prior to clearing and grubbing, the Contractor shall intercept all sources of off-site surface
water and overland flow that will run-on to the project. Off-site surface water run-on shall
be diverted through or around the project in a way that does not introduce construction
related pollution. It shall be diverted to its preconstruction discharge location in a manner
that does not increase preconstruction flow rate and velocity and protects contiguous
properties and waterways from erosion. The Contractor shall submit a Type 2 Working
Drawing consisting of the method for performing this Work.

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Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

8-01.3(1)C5

Water Management for In-Water Work Below Ordinary

High Water Mark (OHWM)

Work over surface waters of the state (defined in WAC 173-201A-010) or below the
OHWM (defined in RCW 90.58.030) shall comply with water quality standards for surface
waters of the

state of Washington.

8-01.3(1)C6

Environmentally Acceptable Hydraulic Fluid

All equipment containing hydraulic fluid that extends from a bridge deck over surface
waters of the state or below the OHWM, shall be equipped with a biodegradable
hydraulic fluid. The fluid shall achieve either a Pw1 Environmental Persistence
Classification stated in ASTM D6046 (≥60% biodegradation in 28 days) or equivalent
standard. Alternatively, hydraulic fluid that meets International Organization for
Standardization (ISO 15380), the European Union Ecolabel, or equivalent certification will
also be accepted.

The Contractor shall submit a Type 1 Working Drawing consisting of a manufacturer
catalog cut of the hydraulic fluid used.

The designation of biodegradable hydraulic fluid does not mean fluid spills are acceptable.
The Contractor shall respond to spills to land or water in accordance with the Contract,
the associated SPCC Plan, and all applicable local, state, and federal regulations.

8-01.3(1)C7

Turbidity Curtain

All Work for the turbidity curtain shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations for the site conditions. Removal procedures shall be developed
and used to minimize silt release and disturbance of silt. The Contractor shall submit
a Type 2 Working Drawing, detailing product information, installation and removal
procedures, equipment and workforce needs, maintenance plans, and emergency repair/
replacement plans.

Turbidity curtain materials, installation, and maintenance shall be sufficient to comply with
water quality standards.

The Contractor shall notify the Engineer 10 days in advance of removing the turbidity
curtain. All components of the turbidity curtain shall be removed from the project.

8-01.3(1)D Dispersion/Infiltration

Water shall be conveyed only to dispersion or infiltration areas designated in the TESC
Plan or to sites approved by the Engineer. Water shall be conveyed to designated
dispersion areas at a rate such that, when runoff leaves the area and enters waters of the
State, turbidity standards are achieved. Water shall be conveyed to designated infiltration
areas at a rate that does not produce surface runoff.

Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

8-01

8-01.3(1)E

Detention/Retention Pond Construction

Permanent or temporary, ponds shall be constructed before beginning other grading and
excavation Work in the area that drains into that pond. Detention/retention ponds may
be constructed concurrently with grading and excavation when allowed by the Engineer.
Temporary conveyances shall be installed concurrently with grading in accordance with
the TESC Plan so that newly graded areas drain to the pond as they are exposed.

8-01.3(2) Temporary Seeding and Mulching

8-01.3(2)A

Preparation for Application

A cleated roller, crawler tractor, or similar equipment, which forms longitudinal
depressions at least 2 inches deep shall be used for compaction and preparation of
the surface to be seeded. The entire area shall be uniformly covered with longitudinal
depressions formed perpendicular to the natural flow of water on the slope. The soil shall
be conditioned with sufficient water so the longitudinal depressions remain in the soil
surface until completion of the seeding.

8-01.3(2)B

Temporary Seeding

Temporary grass seed shall be a commercially prepared mix, made up of low growing
grass species that will grow without irrigation at the project location, and accepted by the
Engineer. The application rate shall be two pounds per 1000 square feet.

The Contractor shall notify the Engineer not less than 24 hours in advance of any seeding
operation and shall not begin the Work until areas prepared or designated for seeding
have been accepted. Following the Engineer’s acceptance, seeding of the accepted slopes
shall begin immediately.

Temporary seeding may be sown at any time allowed by the Engineer. Temporary seeding
shall be sown by one of the following methods:
1. A hydro seeder that utilizes water as the carrying agent, and maintains continuous

agitation through paddle blades. It shall have an operating capacity sufficient to
agitate, suspend, and mix into a homogeneous slurry the specified amount of seed
and water or other material. Distribution and discharge lines shall be large enough
to prevent stoppage and shall be equipped with a set of hydraulic discharge spray
nozzles that will provide a uniform distribution of the slurry.

2. Blower equipment with an adjustable disseminating device capable of maintaining a

constant, measured rate of material discharge that will ensure an even distribution of
seed at the rates specified.

3. Power-drawn drills or seeders.
4. Areas in which the above methods are impractical may be seeded by hand methods.

When seeding by hand, the seed shall be incorporated into the top ¼ inch of soil by hand
raking or other method that is allowed by the Engineer.

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Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

Seed applied using a hydroseeder shall have a tracer added to visibly aid uniform
application. This tracer shall not be harmful to plant, aquatic, or animal life. If Short-Term
Mulch is used as a tracer, the application rate shall not exceed 250 pounds per acre.

Seed and fertilizer may be applied in one application provided that the fertilizer is placed
in the hydroseeder tank no more than 1 hour prior to application.

8-01.3(2)C Vacant
8-01.3(2)D

Temporary Mulching

Temporary mulch shall be straw, wood strand, or HECP mulch and shall be used for the
purpose of erosion control by protecting bare soil surface from particle displacement.
Mulch shall not be applied below the anticipated water level of ditch slopes, pond
bottoms, and stream banks. HECP mulch shall not be used within the Ordinary High
Water Mark. Non-HECP mulches applied below the anticipated water level shall be
removed or anchored down so that it cannot move or float, at no additional expense to
the Contracting Agency.

Straw or wood strand mulch shall be applied at a rate to achieve at least 95 percent
visual blockage of the soil surface. Straw mulch shall be suitable for spreading with mulch
blower equipment.

Short Term Mulch shall be hydraulically applied at the rate of 2500 pounds per acre
and may be applied in one lift. Short-Term Mulch shall not be used in conjunction with
permanent seeding.

Moderate Term Mulch and Long Term Mulch shall be hydraulically applied at the rate
of 3500 pounds per acre with no more than 2000 pounds applied in any single lift.
Moderate-Term Mulch shall not be used in conjunction with permanent seeding.

Mulch sprayed on signs or sign Structures shall be removed the same day.

Areas not accessible by mulching equipment shall be mulched by accepted hand methods.

8-01.3(2)E Tackifiers

Tackifiers applied using a hydroseeder shall have a mulch tracer added to visibly aid
uniform application. This tracer shall not be harmful to plant, aquatic, or animal life. A
minimum of 125 pounds per acre and a maximum of 250 pounds per acre of Short-Term
Mulch shall be used as a tracer. Tackifier shall be mixed and applied in accordance with
the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Soil Binding Using Polyacrylamide (PAM) – The PAM shall be applied on bare soil
completely dissolved and mixed in water or applied as a dry powder. Dissolved PAM shall
be applied at a rate of not more than ⅔ pound per 1,000 gallons of water per acre. A
minimum of 200 pounds per acre of Short-Term Mulch shall be applied with the dissolved
PAM. Dry powder applications may be at a rate of 5 pounds per acre using a hand-held
fertilizer spreader or a tractor-mounted spreader.

Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

8-01

PAM shall be applied only to areas that drain to completed sedimentation control BMPs
in accordance with the TESC Plan. PAM may be reapplied on actively worked areas after a
48-hour period.

PAM shall not be applied during rainfall or to saturated soils.

8-01.3(3) Placing Erosion Control Blanket

Erosion Control Blankets are used as an erosion prevention device and to enhance the
establishment of vegetation. Erosion control blankets shall be installed according to the
manufacturer’s recommendations.

When used to enhance the establishment of seeded areas, seeding and fertilizing shall be
done prior to blanket installation.

Select erosion control blanket material for an area based on the intended function: slope
or ditch stabilization, and site specific factors including soil, slope gradient, rainfall, and
flow exposure. Erosion Control Blankets shall not be used on slopes or in ditches that
exceed the manufacturer’s recommendations.

8-01.3(4) Placing Compost Blanket

Compost blankets are used for erosion control. Compost blanket shall only be placed on
ground surfaces that are steeper than 3-foot horizontal and 1-foot vertical though steeper
slopes shall be broken by wattles or compost socks placed according to the Standard
Plans. Compost shall be placed to a depth of 3 inches over bare soil. An organic tackifier
shall be placed over the entire composted area when dry or windy conditions are present
or expected. The tackifier shall be applied immediately after the application of compost to
prevent compost from leaving the composted area.

Medium compost shall be used for the compost blanket. Compost may serve the purpose
of soil amendment as specified in Section 8-02.3(6).

8-01.3(5) Plastic Covering

Erosion Control – Plastic coverings used to temporarily cover stockpiled materials, slopes
or bare soils shall be installed and maintained in a way that prevents water from intruding
under the plastic and prevents the plastic cover from being damaged by wind. Plastic
coverings shall be placed with at least a 12-inch overlap of all seams and be a minimum of
6 mils thick. Soil stabilization and energy dissipation BMPs shall be used to minimize the
erosive energy flows coming off sloped areas of plastic (e.g., toe of slope). When feasible,
the Contractor shall prevent clean runoff from plastic from hitting bare soil. Flows from
plastic shall be directed to stabilized outlet areas.

Containment – Plastic coverings used to line concrete washout areas, contain
wastewaters, or used in secondary containment to prevent spills, shall be seamless to
prevent infiltration and be a minimum of 10 mils thick.

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Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

Vegetation Management – Plastic covering shall be clear when placed over areas that
have been seeded, and shall be black when placed over areas where vegetation growth
is to be inhibited. Plastic covering for vegetation management shall be a minimum of
4 mils thick.

8-01.3(6) Check Dams

Check dams are used as an erosion and sediment control device in channels or
conveyance areas. Check dams shall be installed as soon as construction will allow, or
when directed by the Engineer. The Contractor may substitute a different check dam
material, in lieu of what is specified in the contract, with approval of the Engineer. Straw
bales shall not be used as check dams. The check dam is a temporary or permanent
structure, built across a minor channel placed perpendicular to the flow of water. Water
shall not flow freely through the check dam structure. Check dams shall be constructed
in a manner that creates a ponding area upstream of the dam to allow pollutants to settle,
with water from increased flows channeled over a spillway in the check dam. The check
dam shall be constructed to prevent erosion in the area below the spillway. The outer
edges shall extend up the sides of the conveyance to prevent water from going around
the check dam. Check dams shall be of sufficient height to maximize detention, without
causing water to leave the ditch.

Wattles, coir logs and compost sock used as check dams shall not be trenched in and shall
be installed as shown in the Standard Plans.

When wattles, coir logs, and compost socks are used as check dams they shall be
measured and paid as check dam in accordance with

Section 8-01.4

and

8-01.5

8-01.3(6)A

Coir Log

Coir logs are used as erosion and sediment control or bank stabilizing device. Coir logs
shall be laid out, spaced, staked, and installed in accordance with the Standard Plans.

Live stakes can be used in addition to, but not as a replacement for, wooden stakes.

8-01.3(7) Stabilized Construction Entrance

Temporary stabilized construction entrance shall be constructed in accordance with the
Standard Plans, prior to construction vehicles entering the roadway from locations that
generate sediment track out on the roadway. Material used for stabilized construction
entrance shall be free of extraneous materials that may cause or contribute to track out.

When the stabilized entrance no longer prevents track out of sediment or debris, the
Contractor shall either rehabilitate the existing entrance to original condition, or construct
a new entrance.

When the Contract requires a tire wash in conjunction with the stabilized entrance, the
Contractor shall include details for the tire wash and the method for containing and
treating the sediment-laden runoff as part of the TESC Plan. All vehicles leaving the site
shall stop and wash sediment from their tires.

Erosion Control and Water Pollution Control

8-01

8-01.3(8) Street Cleaning

Self-propelled pickup street sweepers shall be used to remove and collect sediment
and other debris from the Roadway. The street sweeper shall effectively collect these
materials and prevent them from being washed or blown off the Roadway or into waters
of the State. Street sweepers shall not generate fugitive dust and shall be designed and
operated in compliance with applicable air quality standards.

Material collected by the street sweeper shall be disposed of in accordance with

Section 2-03.3(7)C

When allowed by the Engineer, power broom sweepers may be used in non-sensitive
areas. The broom sweeper shall sweep dirt and other debris from the roadway into the
work area. The swept material shall be prevented from entering or washing into waters of
the State.

Street washing with water will require the concurrence of the Engineer.

8-01.3(9) Sediment Control Barriers

Sediment control barriers shall be installed in accordance with TESC Plan or
manufacturer’s recommendations in the areas of clearing, grubbing, earthwork or drainage
prior to starting those activities.

The sediment control barriers shall be maintained until the soils are stabilized.

8-01.3(9)A Fencing

8-01.3(9)A1

High Visibility Fencing

High visibility fencing (HVF) shall be orange in color and installed along the site
preservation lines shown in the Plans or as specified by the Engineer. Post spacing and
attachment of the fencing material to the posts shall be as shown in the Standard Plans.
The HVF shall not be fastened to trees.

8-01.3(9)A2 Silt Fence

Silt fence shall be black in color and used as a sediment control device to prevent
sediment laden water from leaving project boundaries, to manage stormwater within the
site, or to create small detention areas. Silt fence shall be installed at locations shown in
the Plans. The geotextile shall be securely attached to the posts and support system. Post
spacing and attachments shall be as shown in the Standard Plans.

Geotextile material shall be sewn together at the point of manufacture, or at a location
approved by the Engineer, to form geotextile lengths as required. All sewn seams and
overlaps shall be located at a support post.

Posts shall be either wood or steel. Wood posts shall have minimum dimensions of 1¼ by
1¼ inches by the minimum length shown in the Plans.

When sediment deposits reach approximately ⅓ the height of the silt fence, the deposits
shall be removed and stabilized in accordance with

Section 8-01.3(15)

Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction 2020 (M 41-10) - page 42