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FIRST AID. Field Manual (2002) - page 8

pole and across the first pole.

(2)

To improvise a litter using shirts or jackets (Figure B-

22), button the shirt or jacket and turn it inside out, leaving the sleeves

inside, (more than one shirt or jacket may be required), then pass the pole

through the sleeves.

Figure B-22. Litter improvised from jackets and poles (Illustrated A—B).

(3)

To improvise a litter from bed sacks and poles (Figure

B-23), rip open the corners of bed ticks, bags, or sacks; then pass the poles

through them.

Figure B-23. Litter improvised from bed sacks and poles.

(4)

If no poles are available, roll a blanket, shelter half,

tarpaulin, or similar item from both sides toward the center (Figure B-24).

Grip the rolls to carry the casualty.

Figure B-24. Rolled blanket used as a litter.

B-27

Any of the appropriate carries may be used to place a casualty

on a litter. These carries are:

•

The one-man arms carry (Figure B-6).

•

The two-man arms carry (Figure B-17).

•

The two-man fore-and-aft carry (Figure B-18).

•

The two-hand seat carry (Figure B-20).

•

The four-hand seat carry (Figure B-19).

WARNING

Unless there is an immediate life-threatening situation

(such as fire, explosion), DO NOT move a casualty with

a suspected back or neck injury. Seek medical

personnel for guidance on how to transport.

Either two or four service members (head/foot) may be used

to lift a litter. To lift the litter, follow the procedure below.

(1)

Raise the litter at the same time as the other carriers/

bearers.

(2)

Keep the casualty as level as possible.

NOTE

Use caution when transporting on a sloping incline/hill.

B-28

GLOSSARY

ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND

DEFINITIONS

AC hydrogen cyanide

AFMAN Air Force Manual

AOC area of concentration

AR Army regulation

ATM advanced trauma management

ATNAA Antidote Treatment, Nerve Agent, Autoinjector

attn attention

BDO battle dress overgarment

BDU battle dress uniform

BZ anticholinergic drugs

C Celsius

CANA Convulsant Antidote for Nerve Agent

CASEVAC casualty evacuation

cc cubic centimeter

CG phosgene

CHS combat health support

CK cyanogen chloride

Cl chlorine

CLS Combat Lifesaver

CNS central nervous system

CO₂

carbon dioxide

COSR combat and operational stress reactions

CSR combat stress reaction

CTA common table of allowance

CX phosgene oxime

DA Department of the Army

DD Department of Defense

DM diphenylaminochloroarsine (adamsite)

DNBI disease and nonbattle injury

DOD Department of Defense

DP diphosgene

DS direct support

EMT emergency medical treatment

F Fahrenheit

FM field manual

H mustard

Glossary-1

HD mustard

HM Hospital Corpsman

HN nitrogen mustard

HSS health service support

IPE individual protective equipment

IV intravenous

JSLIST Joint Services Light Weight Integrated Suit Technology

L lewisite

lasers laser means Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

and sources include range finders, weapons/guidance, communication

systems, and weapons simulations such as MILES [Multiple Integrated

Laser Engagement System].

LBE load bearing equipment

LX lewisite and mustard

MCRP Marine Corps Reference Publication

MILES Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System

ml milliliter

MOPP mission-oriented protective posture

MOS military occupational specialty

MTF medical treatment facility

NAPP Nerve Agent Pyridostigmine Pretreatment

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NBC nuclear, biological, and chemical

NCO noncommissioned officer

NTRP Navy Tactical Reference Publication

occlusive dressing air tight transparent dressing used to seal and cover

wounds

oz ounce

PAM pamphlet

PS chloropicrin

PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder

QSTAG Quadripartite Standardization Agreement

SOP standing operating procedure

STANAG standardization agreement

STP soldier training publication

Glossary-2

2 PAM Cl pralidoxime chloride

TB MED technical bulletin medical

TM technical manual

TSOP tactical standing operating procedure

US United States

WP white phosphorus

Glossary-3

REFERENCES

DOCUMENTS NEEDED

These documents must be available to the intended users of this publication.

NATO STANAGs

These agreements are available on request using DD Form 1425 from

Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robin Avenue, Building

4, Section D, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

19111-5094.

2122. Medical Training in First Aid, Basic Hygiene and Emergency Care.

10 December 1975.

2126. First Aid Kits and Emergency Medical Care Kits.

27 September

1983.

2358. First Aid and Hygiene Training in NBC Operations.

3 March 1989.

2871. First Aid Material for Chemical Injuries.

10 March 1986.

ABCA QSTAGs

These agreements are available on request using DD Form 1425 from

Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robin Avenue, Building

4, Section D, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

19111-5094.

535. Medical Training in First Aid, Basic Hygiene and Emergency Care.

12 November 1979.

Joint and Multiservice Publications

FM 21-10. Field Hygiene and Sanitation. MCRP 4-11.1D. 21 June 2000.

Army Publications

AR 350-41. Training In Units.

19 March 1993.

DA PAM 350-59. Army Correspondence Course Program Catalog.

October 2001.

FM 3-4. NBC Protection. FMFM 11-9.

29 May 1992

(Reprinted with

basic including Change 1, 28 October 1992; Change 2, 26 February

1996.)

FM 3-5. NBC Decontamination. MCWP 3-37.3.

28 July 2000.

(Change

1, 31 January 2002.)

References-1

FM 3-100. Chemical Operations Principles and Fundamentals. MCWP 3-

3.7.1.

8 May 1996.

FM 4-02.33 (8-33). Control of Communicable Diseases Manual (17^th

Edition).

3 January 2000.

FM 8-10-6 (4-02.2). Medical Evacuation in a Theater of Operations—

Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures.

14 April 2000.

FM 4-02.7 (8-10-7). Health Service Support in a Nuclear, Biological, and

Chemical Environment.

1 October 2002.

FM 8-284 (4-02.284). Treatment of Biological Warfare Agent Casualties.

NAVMED P-5042; AFMAN (I) 44-156; MCRP 4-11.1C.

17 July

2000.

(Change 1, 8 July 2002.)

FM 8-285 (4-02.285). Treatment of Chemical Agent Casualties and

Conventional Military Chemical Injuries. NAVMED P-5041;

AFJMAN 44-149; FMFM 11-11. 22 December 1995.

FM 22-51 (4-02.22). Leaders’ Manual for Combat Stress Control.

September 1994.

CTA 8-100. Army Medical Department Expendable/Durable Items.

August 1994.

CTA 50-900. Clothing and Individual Equipment.

1 September 1994.

STP 21-1-SMCT. Soldier’s Manual of Common Tasks Skill Level I.

October 2001.

Department of Defense Forms

DD Form 1425. Specifications and Standards Requisition. March 1986.

READINGS RECOMMENDED

These readings contain relevant supplemental information.

Joint and Multiservice Publications

FM 8-9 (4-02.11). NATO Handbook on the Medical Aspects of NBC

Defensive Operations AMEDP-6 (B), Part I—Nuclear, Part II—

Biological, Part III—Chemical. NAVMED P-5059; AFJMAN 44-

151V1V2V3. 1 February 1996.

TB MED 81. Cold Injury. NAVMED P-5052-29; AFP 161-11.

September 1976.

TB MED 507. Occupational and Environmental Health Prevention,

Treatment and Control of Heat Injury. NAVMED P-5052-5; AFP

160-1.

25 July 1980.

References-2

Army Publications

AR 310-25. Dictionary of United States Army Terms (Short Title: AD).

October 1983.

(Reprinted with basic including Change 1, 21 May

1986.)

AR 310-50. Authorized Abbreviations and Brevity Codes.

15 November

1985.

TM 3-4230-216-10. Operator’s Manual for Decontaminating Kit, Skin:

M258A1

(NSN

4230-01-101-3984) and Training Aid, Skin

Decontaminating: M58A1 (6910-01-101-1768).

17 May 1985.

(Change 1, 22 January 1997.)

References-3

INDEX

References are to paragraph numbers except where specified otherwise.

abdominal thrust, 2-11c(1)

airway

defined, 1-3b

opening of, 2-4b, 2-6b, 2-10—11

arteries, 1-3c, 2-19—20

artificial respiration. See rescue breathing.

bandages

cravat, 3-10a(6), 3-10d, 3-10f, 3-11b, 3-12, 3-13b, 3-14, 3-15, A-5

tailed, Figure A-1, A-4b

triangular, 3-10a(5), 3-13, 3-16, A-5

bandaging of body parts

abdomen (stomach), 3-7

armpit, 3-11b

cheek, 3-10c

chest, 3-5

ear, 3-10d

elbow, 3-12

eyes, 3-10b

foot, 3-16

hand, 3-13

head, 3-10a

jaw, 3-10f

knee, 3-15

leg, 3-14

nose, 3-10e

shoulder, 3-11

battle fatigue. See psychological first aid.

bites

animal, 6-4b

human, 6-4a

insect, 6-6

sea animals, 6-5

snake, 6-3

spider, 6-6

bleeding, control of

digital pressure, 2-19

elevating the limb, 2-17b

manual pressure, 2-17a

pressure dressing, 2-18

tourniquet, 2-20

blister agent, 7-9