X5 Group (Пятерочка). Годовой отчет за 2021 год - часть 23

 

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X5 Group (Пятерочка). Годовой отчет за 2021 год - часть 23

 

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

178

Contents

Consolidated Financial Statements

Company Financial Statements

Notes to the Company Financial Statements

1

 

Principal activities and the Group structure 

  � � � � � �

184

2

  Summary of significant accounting policies 

  � � � � � �

185

3

  Critical accounting estimates and judgements  

 

in applying accounting policies 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

195

4

  Adoption of new and revised standards  

 

and interpretations and new accounting  

 pronouncements 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

198

5

  Segment reporting 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

199

6

 Subsidiaries 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

201

7

  Acquisition of businesses 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

202

8

  Related party transactions 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

204

9

  Cash and cash equivalents, short-term  

 

financial investments 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

205

10

  Property, plant and equipment 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

206

11

 Leases 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

209

12

  Investment properties 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

211

13

 Goodwill 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

212

14

  Other intangible assets 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

214

15

 Inventories 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

215

16

  Financial instruments by category 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

216

17

  Trade, other accounts receivable  

 

and prepayments 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

217

18

  VAT and other taxes receivable 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

221

19

  Provisions and other liabilities 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

222

20

  Contract liabilities 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

223

21

 Borrowings 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

224

22

  Share capital 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

226

23

  Earnings per share 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

227

24

 Revenue 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

228

25

  Expenses by nature 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

229

26

  Lease/sublease and other income 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

230

27

  Finance income and costs 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

231

28

  Staff costs 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

232

29

  Share-based payments 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

238

30

  Income tax 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

239

31

  Financial risk management 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

242

32

  Operating environment of the Group 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � �

244

33

  Capital risk management 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

245

34

  Fair value of financial instruments 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

246

35

  Commitments and contingencies 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

247

36

  Subsequent events for the Group 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

249

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

  � � � � � � � � �

179

Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � �

180

Consolidated Statement  
of Comprehensive Income 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

181

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

182

Consolidated Statement of Changes In Equity 

  � � � � � � � �

183

Company Statement of Financial Position 

  � � � � � � � � � � � �

250

Company Statement of Profit or Loss 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

251

37

  Accounting principles 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

252

38

  Financial fixed assets 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

253

39

  Shareholders’ equity 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

255

40

  Loans from group companies 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

256

41

  Share-based payments 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

257

42

  General and administrative expenses 

  � � � � � � � � � � � �

258

43

  Income tax expense 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

259

44

  Staff numbers and employee expenses 

  � � � � � � � � � � �

261

45

  Contingent rights and liabilities 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

262

46

  Related party transactions 

  � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

263

47

  Subsequent events for the Company 

  � � � � � � � � � � � �

264

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CoNSolidated StatemeNt oF FiNaNCial PoSitioN

179

Note

31 deCemBeR 

2021

31 deCemBeR 

2020

Assets

Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment

10

332,144 

322,707 

Right-of-use assets

11

502,325 

480,511 

Investment properties

12

4,461 

4,502 

Goodwill

13

105,028 

104,890 

Other intangible assets 

14

39,006 

30,757 

Investments in associates and 
joint ventures

8

50 

Other non-current assets

4,209 

3,120 

Deferred tax assets 

30

23,047 

20,458 

1,010,270 

966,945 

Current assets

Inventories

15

166,840 

144,393 

Indemnification asset

7

435 

171

Trade, other accounts 
receivable and prepayments

17

20,190 

19,277 

Current income tax receivable

4,057 

12,119 

VAT and other taxes 
receivable 

18

8,802 

10,316 

Short-term financial 
investments

9

50,092 

Cash and cash equivalents

9

26,062 

20,008 

276,478 

206,284 

TOTAL ASSETS

1,286,748 

1,173,229 

Note

31 deCemBeR 

2021

31 deCemBeR 

2020

Equity and liabilities

Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent

Share capital

22

2,458 

2,458 

Share premium

46,127 

46,086 

Retained earnings

38,926 

46,194 

Share-based payment reserve

29

118 

 104

87,629 

94,842 

TOTAL EQUITY

87,629 

94,842 

Non-current liabilities

Long-term borrowings

21

206,571 

184,921 

Long-term lease liabilities

11

507,099 

480,059 

Deferred tax liabilities

30

928 

2,769 

Other non-current liabilities

1,670 

1,954 

 

716,268 

669,703 

Current liabilities

Trade accounts payable

212,949 

170,909 

Short-term borrowings

21

87,767 

77,026 

Interest accrued

1,792 

1,380 

Short-term lease liabilities

11

 70,264

 68,442

Short-term contract liabilities

20

2,392 

2,198

Current income tax payable

3,014 

2,753

Provisions and other liabilities

19

104,673 

85,976 

482,851 

408,684 

TOTAL LIABILITIES

1,199,119 

1,078,387 

TOTAL EQUITY AND 
LIABILITIES

1,286,748 

1,173,229 

X5 Retail GRoUP N.V.

Consolidated 

Statement 

of Financial 

Position

at 31 December 2021

(expressed in millions of Russian Roubles, unless otherwise stated)

igor Shekhterman 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

19 May 2022

Vsevolod Starukhin 

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

19 May 2022

ESEF reporting and the financial statements are unaudited

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CoNSolidated StatemeNt oF PRoFit oR loSS

180

X5 Retail GRoUP N.V.

Consolidated 

Statement of 

Profit or loss

for the year ended 31 December 2021

(expressed in millions of Russian Roubles, unless otherwise stated)

Note

2021

2020

Revenue

24

 2,204,819 

 1,978,026 

Cost of sales

25

 (1,643,502)

 (1,483,406)

Gross profit

 561,317 

 494,620 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

25

 (467,468)

 (406,389)

Net impairment losses on financial assets

17

 (154)

(251)

Lease / sublease and other income

26

 23,877 

 17,737 

Operating profit

 117,572 

 105,717 

Finance costs

27

 (57,815)

 (56,686)

Finance income

27

 586 

 50

Share of loss of associates and joint ventures

 - 

(20)

Net foreign exchange gain / (loss)

 399 

 (3,391)

Profit before tax

 60,742 

 45,670 

Income tax expense

30

 (18,004)

 (17,326)

Profit for the year

 42,738 

 28,344 

Profit for the year attributable to:

Equity holders of the parent

42,738 

 28,344 

Basic earnings per share for profit attributable to the equity holders of the parent 
(expressed in RUB per share)

23

 629.55 

417.54

Diluted earnings per share for profit attributable to the equity holders of the parent 
(expressed in RUB per share)

23

 629.54 

417.52 

igor Shekhterman 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

19 May 2022

Vsevolod Starukhin 

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

19 May 2022

ESEF reporting and the financial statements are unaudited

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CoNSolidated StatemeNt oF ComPReheNSiVe iNCome 

181

X5 Retail GRoUP N.V.

Consolidated 

Statement of 

Comprehensive 

income 

for the year ended 31 December 2021

(expressed in millions of Russian Roubles, unless otherwise stated)

2021

2020

Profit for the year

 42,738 

 28,344 

Total comprehensive income for the year, net of tax

 42,738 

 28,344 

Total comprehensive income for the year attributable to:

Equity holders of the parent

42,738 

 28,344 

igor Shekhterman 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

19 May 2022

Vsevolod Starukhin 

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

19 May 2022

ESEF reporting and the financial statements are unaudited

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CoNSolidated StatemeNt oF CaSh FlowS 

182

X5 Retail GRoUP N.V.

Consolidated 

Statement 

of Cash Flows 

for the year ended 31 December 2021

(expressed in millions of Russian Roubles, unless otherwise stated)

Note

2021

2020

Profit before tax

60,742

45,670

Adjustments for:

Depreciation, amortisation and impairment 
of property, plant and equipment,  
right-of-use assets, investment properties, 
other intangible assets and goodwill

25

 150,278

137,905

Gain on disposal of property plant  
and equipment, investment properties  
and intangible assets and gain  
on derecognition of right-of-use assets

(3,345)

(3,705)

Finance costs, net

27

 57,229

56,636

Net impairment losses on financial assets

17

 154

251

Impairment of prepayments

17

 221

237

Share-based compensation expense

29

 89

60

Net foreign exchange (gain) / loss

(399)

3,391

Share of loss of associates  
and joint ventures

 -

20

Other non-cash items

 559

336

Net cash from operating activities before 

changes in working capital

 265,528

240,801

Increase in trade, other accounts  
receivable and prepayments  
and VAT and other taxes receivable

(1,198)

(2,119)

Increase in inventories

(22,447)

(16,931)

Increase in trade payable

 42,108

 10,491

Increase in other accounts payable  
and contract liabilities

 13,952

 10,806

Net cash flows from operations

 297,943

 243,048

Interest paid

(56,561)

(55,461)

Interest received

 60

 44

Income tax paid

(13,980)

(28,071)

Net cash flows from operating activities

 227,462

 159,560

igor Shekhterman 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

19 May 2022

Vsevolod Starukhin 

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

19 May 2022

Note

2021

2020

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of property, plant  
and equipment and initial direct costs  
associated with right-of-use assets

(76,574)

(73,427)

Acquisition of businesses,  
net of cash acquired

7

(1,771)

(3,138)

Proceeds from disposal of property,  
plant and equipment, investment 
properties and intangible assets

 4,392

 4,365

Purchase of other intangible assets

(15,482)

(12,084)

Acquisition of interest in associates  
and joint ventures

 -

 (150)

Proceeds from sale of interest  
in associates and joint ventures

 -

 120

Payments for financial investments

9

(50,000)

Net cash flows used in investing activities

(139,435)

(84,314)

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from loans 

21

 132,345

 203,046

Repayment of loans

21

(99,585)

(169,175)

Purchase of treasury shares

(34)

(126)

Payments of principal portion  
of lease liabilities

11

(64,610)

(57,557)

Dividends paid to equity holders  
of the parent

22

(50,006)

(49,993)

Net cash flows used in financing activities

(81,890)

(73,805)

Effect of exchange rate changes  
on cash and cash equivalents

(83)

 (35)

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

 6,054

1,406

Movements in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents  
at the beginning of the year

9

 20,008

 18,602

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 

 6,054

1,406

Cash and cash equivalents  

at the end of the year

9

 26,062

 20,008

ESEF reporting and the financial statements are unaudited

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CoNSolidated StatemeNt oF ChaNGeS iN eqUity 

183

X5 Retail GRoUP N.V.

Consolidated 

Statement of 

Changes in equity 

for the year ended 31 December 2021

(expressed in millions of Russian Roubles, unless otherwise stated)

igor Shekhterman 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

19 May 2022

Vsevolod Starukhin 

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

19 May 2022

Note

NUmBeR  

oF ShaReS

ShaRe  

CaPital

ShaRe  

PRemiUm

ShaRe-BaSed 

PaymeNt  

ReSeRVe

RetaiNed  

eaRNiNGS

total 

ShaReholdeRS’ 

eqUity

total

Balance as at 1 January 2020

67,890,054

2,458

46,150

105

67,843

116,556

116,556

Profit for the period

 28,344

 28,344

 28,344

Total comprehensive income  

for the period

 28,344

 28,344

 28,344

Acquisition of treasury shares

(12,870)

(107)

(107)

(107)

Dividends

22

(49,993)

(49,993)

(49,993)

Share-based payment 
compensation

29

 60

 60

 60

Transfer and waiving of vested 
equity rights

29

 5,260

 43

(61)

(18)

(18)

Balance as at 31 December 2020

 67,882,444

 2,458

 46,086

104

 46,194

 94,842

 94,842

Balance as at 1 January 2021

 67,882,444

 2,458

 46,086

104

 46,194

 94,842

 94,842

Profit for the period

 42,738

 42,738

 42,738

Total comprehensive income  

for the period

 42,738

 42,738

 42,738

Dividends

22

(50,006)

(50,006)

(50,006)

Share-based payment 
compensation

29

 89

 89

 89

Transfer and waiving of vested 
equity rights

29

 6,252

 41

(75)

(34)

(34)

Balance as at 31 December 2021

 67,888,696

 2,458

 46,127

 118

 38,926

 87,629

 87,629

attRiBUtaBle to eqUity holdeRS oF the PaReNt

ESEF reporting and the financial statements are unaudited

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

184

NoteS to the CoNSolidated FiNaNCial StatemeNtS

NoteS to the CoNSolidated 

FiNaNCial StatemeNtS

for the year ended 31 December 2021 

(expressed in millions of Russian Roubles,  
unless otherwise stated)

01

Principal activities  

and the Group structure

The main activity of the Group is the development and 
operation of grocery retail stores. As at 31 December 
2021 the Group operated a retail chain of 19,121 
proximity stores, supermarket, hypermarket, hard 
discounter, online hypermarket stores and dark kitchens 
under the brand names “Pyaterochka”, “Perekrestok”, 
“Karusel”, “Chizhik”, “Perekrestok Vprok” and “Mnogo 
Lososya” (each representing separate format) in major 
population centres in Russia, including but not limited 
to Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhniy Novgorod, Rostov-
on-Don, Kazan, Samara, Lipetsk, Chelyabinsk, Perm, 
Ekaterinburg (31 December 2020: 17,707 proximity 
stores, supermarket, hypermarket, hard discounter 
and online hypermarket stores under the brand names 
“Pyaterochka”, “Perekrestok”, “Karusel”, “Chizhik” and 
“Perekrestok Vprok”), with the number of stores as 
presented in the table.

As at 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020 the 
principal shareholder exerting significant influence 
over the Company was CTF Holdings S.A. (“CTF”). As 
at 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020 CTF 
directly owned 47.86% of total issued shares in the 
Company. As at 31 December 2021 and 31 December 
2020 the Company’s shares were listed on the London 
and Moscow Stock Exchanges in the form of Global 
Depositary Receipts (GDRs) with each GDR representing 
an interest of 0.25 in an ordinary share (Note 22).

31 deC 2021

31 deC 2020

“Perekrestok” — Supermarket 

Central FD

552

 519

North-Western FD

151

 129

Volga FD

142

 144

Ural FD

76

 75

Southern FD

60

 56

Northern Caucasus

9

 10

total

990

 933

“Pyaterochka” — Proximity store

Central FD

6,489

 6,147

Volga FD

4,745

 4,462

Southern FD

1,890

 1,660

North-Western FD

1,838

 1,772

Ural FD

1,596

 1,459

Siberian FD

1,036

 886

Northern Caucasus

378

 323

total

17,972

 16,709

These consolidated financial statements are for the 
economic entity comprising X5 Retail Group N.V. (the 
“Company”) and its subsidiaries, as set out in Note 6 (the 
“Group”). 

X5 Retail Group N.V. is a joint stock limited liability 
company established in August 1975 under the laws of 
the Netherlands. The principal activity of the Company 
is to act as a holding company for a group of companies 
that operate retail grocery stores. The Company’s 
address and tax domicile is Zuidplein 196, 1077 XV 
Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 

31 deC 2021

31 deC 2020

“Karusel” — Hypermarket

Central FD

21

 30

Volga FD

7

 14

North-Western FD

3

 8

Southern FD

1

 2

Northern Caucasus

1

 1

Ural FD

 1

total

33

 56

“Perekrestok Vprok” — Online hypermarket

Central FD

4

3

Volga FD

1

1

North-Western FD

1

1

TOTAL

6

5

“Chizhik”— Hard discounter

Central FD

72

4

total

72

4

“Mnogo Lososya” — Dark kitchen

Central FD

43

North-Western FD

5

total

48

TOTAL STORES

19,121

 17,707

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

185

NoteS to the CoNSolidated FiNaNCial StatemeNtS

NoteS to the CoNSolidated 

FiNaNCial StatemeNtS

02

Summary of significant 

accounting policies 

The principal accounting policies applied in the 
preparation of these consolidated financial statements 
are set out below. These policies have been consistently 
applied to all years presented, unless otherwise stated. 

2.1

  Basis of preparation

These consolidated financial statements for the year 
ended 31 December 2021 have been prepared in 
accordance with and comply with International Financial 
Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union 
and with Part 9 Book 2 of the Dutch Civil Code. 

The consolidated financial statements have been 
prepared under the historical cost convention, except 
for financial assets and financial liabilities (including 
derivative instruments) that have been measured at 
fair value. The preparation of the consolidated financial 
statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of 
certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires 
management to exercise its judgement in the process 
of applying the Group’s accounting policies. The areas 
involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or 
areas where assumptions and estimates are significant 
to the consolidated financial statements are disclosed 
in Note 3. Management prepared these consolidated 
financial statements on a going concern basis. In making 
this judgment management considered the Group’s 
financial position, current intentions, profitability of 

for the year ended 31 December 2021 

(expressed in millions of Russian Roubles,  
unless otherwise stated)

operations, access to financial resources (Note 31) and 
the potential impact of COVID-19 and the sanctions 
being imposed against certain entities and individuals 
in Russia (Note 36). On 19 May 2022, the Management 
Board authorised the consolidated financial statements 
for issue. Publication is on 19 May 2022. 

2.2

  Basis of consolidation

Subsidiaries are those investees, including structured 
entities, that the Group controls because the Group (i) 
has power to direct relevant activities of the investees 
that significantly affect their returns, (ii) has exposure, or 
rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the 
investees, and (iii) has the ability to use its power over 
the investees to affect the amount of investor’s returns. 
The existence and effect of substantive rights, including 
substantive potential voting rights, are considered when 
assessing whether the Group has power over another 
entity. For a right to be substantive, the holder must have 
practical ability to exercise that right when decisions 
about the direction of the relevant activities of the 
investee need to be made. The Group may have power 
over an investee even when it holds less than majority 
of voting power in an investee. In such a case, the Group 
assesses the size of its voting rights relative to the size 
and dispersion of holdings of the other vote holders 
to determine if it has de-facto power over the investee. 
Protective rights of other investors, such as those that 
relate to fundamental changes of investee’s activities or 
apply only in exceptional circumstances, do not prevent 
the Group from controlling an investee. Subsidiaries 
are consolidated from the date on which control is 
transferred to the Group (acquisition date) and are 
deconsolidated from the date on which control ceases. 

The acquisition method of accounting is used to 
account for the acquisition of businesses other than 
those acquired from parties under common control. The 
consideration transferred is measured at the fair value 
of the assets given up, equity instruments issued and 
liabilities incurred or assumed at the date of exchange, 
including fair value of assets or liabilities from contingent 
consideration arrangements but excludes acquisition 
related costs such as advisory, legal, valuation and similar 
professional services. Transaction costs related to the 
acquisition and incurred for issuing equity instruments 
are deducted from equity; transaction costs incurred 
for issuing debt as part of the business combination are 
deducted from the carrying amount of the debt and all 
other transaction costs associated with the acquisition 
are expensed. The date of exchange is the acquisition 
date where a business combination is achieved 
in a single transaction. However, when a business 
combination is achieved in stages by successive share 
purchases, the date of exchange is the date of each 
exchange transaction; whereas the acquisition date 
is the date on which acquirer obtains control of the 
subsidiary.

Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent 
liabilities assumed in a business combination are 
measured at their fair values at the acquisition date.

Goodwill is initially measured at cost (being the excess 
of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and 
the amount recognised for non-controlling interests 
and any previous interest held over the net identifiable 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed). If the fair value 
of the net assets acquired is in excess of the aggregate 
consideration transferred, the Group re-assesses 
whether it has correctly identified all of the assets 

acquired and all of the liabilities assumed and reviews 
the procedures used to measure the amounts to be 
recognised at the acquisition date. If the reassessment 
still results in an excess of the fair value of net assets 
acquired over the aggregate consideration transferred, 
then the gain is recognised in profit or loss. 

Intercompany transactions, balances and unrealised 
gains on transactions between group companies are 
eliminated; unrealised losses are also eliminated unless 
the cost cannot be recovered. The Company and all 
of its subsidiaries use uniform accounting policies 
consistent with the Group’s policies.

Purchases of subsidiaries from parties under common 
control are accounted for using the pooling of interest 
method (also referred as “the predecessor values 
method”). Under this method the consolidated financial 
statements of the combined entity are presented 
as if the businesses had been combined from the 
beginning of the earliest period presented or, if later, 
the date when the combining entities were first brought 
under common control. The assets and liabilities of the 
subsidiary transferred under common control are at the 
predecessor entity’s carrying amounts.

The predecessor entity is considered to be the highest 
reporting entity in which the subsidiary’s IFRS financial 
information was consolidated. Related goodwill inherent 
in the predecessor entity’s original acquisitions is also 
recorded in these consolidated financial statements. 
Any difference between the carrying amount of net 
assets, including the predecessor entity’s goodwill, 
and the consideration for the acquisition is accounted 
for in these consolidated financial statements as an 
adjustment to other reserve within equity.

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