Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 8)

4-4 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

Items that are not supportable from the Marine

TRANSPORTATION PLANNING

Corps worldwide inventory are considered un-

sourced requirements. Unsourced requirements

should be identified in the TPFDD as shortfalls in

The JMC’s joint munitions transportation coordi-

order to plan movement at a later date if assets

nating activity (JMTCA) analyzes the combined

become available.

munitions requirements of the Services. The JMC

compares the daily offload requirements that are

The PM Ammo will attempt to negotiate whole-

identified in the plan to the Service, depot-level

sale cross-leveling actions prior to procuring

assets; the daily offloading capacity of the depots;

additional assets. Additional assets are procured

the capacities of the road and rail networks that

only if funding and industrial capacity exists to

are to reach the assigned POEs; and the available

facilitate production of new material. It should be

port throughput capacity. The JMTCA ensures

noted that lead times for procurement of ammuni-

that the amount planned for shipment does not

tion can be in the range of 12 to 36 months,

exceed the ability to load and ship at any point.

depending on the item.

The JMTCA works closely with the Services and

the supported CCDRs/JFCs.

Class V(A) Sourcing

The United States Transportation Command

During crisis, conflict, or wartime, a CRC is

(USTRANSCOM) is the distribution process

activated at NOLSC, reporting directly to the

owner for the DOD. The JMTCA works closely

CNO (N411). The purpose of the CRC is to

with USTRANSCOM, as the lift provider, and

facilitate timely sourcing, distribution, and

its components (Air Mobility Command [AMC],

accurate expenditure reporting of naval ordnance.

While crisis action planning is conducted using

Military Sealift Command [MSC], and Military

the same fundamental methods as deliberate

Surface Deployment and Distribution Com-

planning, requisitions in support of the crisis are

mand [SDDC]) to ensure proper transport priori-

immediately processed and sourced. If a

tization and port utilization occurs.

requisition cannot be filled, the CRC will

After all Class V requirements have been sourced

identify shortfalls and provide alternatives to

and the remaining unsourced requirements are

the CNO (N411) and DC for Aviation, Aviation

identified, the data are converted into unit line

Logistics Support Branch. Sourcing decisions

will be made by the CNO (N3/N5), DC for

numbers and entered into JFRG II. When com-

Aviation, and the logistics directorate of a joint

pleted and reviewed, the JFRG II data file is pro-

staff (J-4) as appropriate in consultation with

vided to the component commander so that it can

supported and/or supporting CCDRs and/or

be loaded into JOPES as input to the TPFDD.

JFCs and Navy components.

In order to meet sourcing needs in a crisis, the

TIME-PHASED FORCE

CRC reviews the MUREP that is submitted by

AND DEPLOYMENT DATA

the Navy component in theater, as required by

CJCSM 3150.14B, Joint Reporting Structure—

Logistics. The MUREP identifies critical shortfalls

The TPFDD is a planning database used to

in theater. The CRC/CNO (N411) staff develops

identify, organize, plan, and schedule the

the MUREP and forwards it to J-4. The CRC

movement of forces, equipment, and materiel

utilizes the MUREP to expedite production for

required to support the CCDR/JFC. With specific

critical items, as well as to resolve ordnance

regard to Class V materiel, the TPFDD depicts

allocation issues to mitigate identified shortfalls.

the gross tonnages of Class V that must be

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{__________________________________________________________________________________________} 4-5

MARFOR:

Identity requirements

shortfalls to PM Ammo

PM Ammo:

Source shortfalls against

wholesale and retail inventory

Wholesale Marine Corps

Wholesale and retail assets at

assets at JMC facilities

Navy and Marine Corps activities

JMC Item Manager:

JMTCA:

Conduct workload

Conduct transportation analysis

analysis for all activities

Result:

Transportation data

PM Ammo (Plans and Execution Team)

Build Unit line number data in JERG II,

pass to MARFOR for JOPES insert

USTRANSCOM:

Conduct full transportation feasibility study

MARFOR:

Submit refined TPFDD

to CCDRs for validation

CCDR/USTRANSCOM:

Validate and allocate lift for TPFDD

Movement phase begins. . .

ULN unit line number

Figure 4-1. Class V(W) Sourcing and Transportation Planning Process.

moved, when the material must be at the POE,

Class V requirements by individual DODIC/naval

and when it must arrive in theater to meet the

ammunition logistics code; identify when the

material is scheduled to arrive; the quantity being

CCDR’s/JFC’s requirements.

moved; and piece detail such as height, weight,

At progressively greater levels of detail, planners

cube, number of pallets or containers. The

and the operating forces can identify specific

transportation agencies and the depots use this

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

4-6 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

information to contract for laborers, trucks,

the deliberate planning process and the

containers, railcars, ships, and blocking/bracing

refinement planning conferences. Requirements

materials that are used to prepare ammunition

are normally adjusted during the refinement

for movement.

conferences due to changes in the availability of

planned forces, force closure timelines, or

Class V planners should refer to CJCSM 3122.02C,

updated threat or branch plan execution. The

Volume III for additional details on TPFDD

CCDR uses the appropriate annex of the

development and maintenance. Planners must

operation plan to establish the commander’s

continuously refine the TPFDD throughout the

intent for support and sustainment of the

deployment process in order to reflect current

ammunition requirements.

information and monitor the status of force

flow execution.

Reports

See MCWP 5-11.1, MAGTF Aviation Planning,

Knowledge of the kinds of data in the TPFDD

for detailed information regarding the processes,

and how the data can be packaged in standard

functions, and responsibilities associated with

or ad hoc reports is critical in order to verify

developing the TPFDD with respect to aviation

and validate a unit’s movement requirements.

logistics and the use of JFRG II/LOGAIS in

Three reports that are commonly used are the

support of aviation logistic force deployment,

summary of forces and deployment data working

planning, and execution.

paper (F11D); the time-phased transportation

The TPFDD is the GCCS portion of an opera-

requirements working paper (F11E-TON[TN]

tion plan that contains time-phased force data,

and F11E-SQUARE[SQ]), and the cargo detail

nonunit related cargo and personnel data, and

working paper report (F11W). Additional details

movement data, and it includes the following:

about these reports can be found in Marine Corp

Reference Publication 4-11.3G, Unit Embar-

Units that are in-place.

kation Handbook.

Units

(identified by priority) that will be

deployed in support of the operation plan,

Flow Initiation Class V(W)

which indicates the desired sequence of arrival

at the ports of debarkation (PODs).

Upon plan activation, the MARFOR will submit

The routing of deploying forces and movement

TPFDD unit line numbers for ammunition

data.

through the JOPES to the combatant/joint force

Estimates of nonunit related cargo and

commander. These lift requirements will be

personnel movements that will be conducted

validated by USTRANSCOM. United States

concurrently.

Trasnportation Command will assign lift for iden-

Estimates of transportation requirements that

tified requirements and forward this information

must be fulfilled by common-user lift resources.

back to the MARFOR via the JOPES. On valid-

Requirements that can be fulfilled by organic

ation by USTRANSCOM, the MARFOR will

or assigned transportation resources.

submit a request to PM Ammo (for Class V[W])

or ASL-30 (Aviation Ordnance) (for Class V[A])

Validation

to activate movement requests by the JMC for

The Services’ transportation requirements are

assets that are stored in single manager depots. A

validated during the TPFDD forces and

sample of this request can be found in the current

transportation feasibility conferences during both

edition of MCO P4400.39H.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{__________________________________________________________________________________________} 4-7

Planned Class V

offload reports and port loading and shipment

Sustainment Flow Notification

status reports to the MARFOR.

NOLSC provides Class V(A) movement notifi-

As the TPFDD is activated and the movement

cations to the MARFOR and other agencies.

phase begins, notification of the current status of

MARFOR provides theater logistic agencies

the Class V movements is critical to situational

with updates for estimated arrival dates of

awareness. The focal points for information

planned Class V sustainment and force-held

receipt and dissemination as follows:

assets such as LFORM and MPF. This allows

coordination of transportation and storage

PM Ammo provides all TPFDD movement

requirements at the destination as part of over-

status reports for Class V(W) such as depot

all planning efforts.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

CHAPTER 5

MOVEMENT, MOBILITY, AND

DEPLOYMENT OF CLASS V MATERIEL

A central concept in the national military stra-

TRANSPORTATION FUNDING

tegy is strategic mobility. Strategic mobility

includes the ability of the United States Armed

Forces to deploy expeditionary forces, and their

Costs of containerization and movement of Class

supplies and equipment, to any region in the

V assets from the depots to their final destination

world and sustain them for the full range of

are Service-funded. Strategic ammunition move-

military operations.

ment demands levied by the Services must

contain a transportation accounting code or be

Marine Corps forces maintain strategic mobility

accompanied by a DOD Form 448, Military

through the forward deployment of combined

Interdepartmental Purchase Request.

arms capabilities (conventional forces in the form

of MAGTFs), the prepositioning of equipment

and supplies aboard ships at sea and at geoprepo-

TRANSPORTATION

sitioning sites (e.g., MCPP-N [Marine Corps

AND ASSET TRACKING

Prepositioned Program-Norway]), and the rapid

deployability of units by sea and air.

Tracking containers involves the use of RFID

Deployment encompasses all activities from ori-

tags placed on all International Organization for

gin or home station through destination, specifi-

Standardization (ISO) containers, 463L air pal-

cally including intra-CONUS, intertheater, and

lets, and palletized ammunition shipments that

intratheater movement legs, staging, and holding

are being shipped outside the continental United

areas. While the definition is simple, executing

States (OCONUS). Each container must have

deployment of a large force and its accompanying

active RFID tags on them written with content

supplies and equipment, to include the required

level data. Tags will be applied at the point of ori-

Class V materiel, is a complex undertaking. This

gin. All activities, including vendors that fill the

chapter discusses the activities of Class V support

containers or build the air pallets, will apply the

for the deployment of forces such as air contin-

tags in accordance with the current DOD RFID

gency MAGTF, MPF Marine expeditionary bri-

tag data specifications contained in DOD Direc-

gade (MEB), additional MAGTF/follow-on

tive (DODD )4140.1-R, DOD Supply Chain

forces and sustainment, with the exception of

Materiel Management Regulation; Defense

Transportation Regulation 4500.9-R, Part II,

Marine expeditionary units (MEUs). Due to their

Cargo Movement; and Military Standard-129P,

unique character, MEUs warrant a separate dis-

Standard Practice, Military Marking for Ship-

cussion, which can be found in chapter 8.

ment and Storage. Containers and pallets that

Agencies involved in the processes discussed in

have been reconfigured during transit must have

chapter 4 for Class V materiel support planning

their RFID tag data updated to accurately reflect

are the same agencies responsible for the move-

the containers current contents by the organiza-

ment, mobility, and deployment of expeditionary

tion making the change. The RFID tags are not

forces and their supplies.

authorized for use with Class V(A) ammunition.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

5-2 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

prepositioning ships provide for a fast response

ORGANIZATIONS

by US forces anywhere in the world. The Prepo-

SUPPORTING MOVEMENT OF CLASS V

sitioning Program has strategically located ships

laden with military equipment and supplies for

Class V ammunition represents the single largest

the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Air Force.

commodity requiring movement to sustain the

The MSC prepositioning ships are specifically

force. Movement planning and execution requires

designed for transporting Marine Corps supplies

the concerted efforts of a number of organizations.

and equipment. The MPS are divided into three

squadrons. Each squadron carries a preponder-

United States Transportation Command

ance of the material and equipment that is

The USTRANSCOM is one of the nine unified

required to support a notional, brigade-sized

commands and is responsible for providing

MAGTF for up to 30 days.

mobility and transportation services for DOD

components and agencies. The USTRANSCOM

Sealift Ships

is also designated as the distribution process

The Sealift Program is responsible for a fleet of

owner, positioning USTRANSCOM as the single

chartered tankers and dry cargo ships that move

executive agency with management oversight of

DOD cargo during peacetime and war. In

the end-to-end distribution process: from factory

addition, the program oversees the MSC’s

to foxhole.

activation and operation of the other ships that are

maintained in reserve including 8 fast sealift

Air Mobility Command

ships; 11 large, medium-speed roll-on/roll-off

The AMC is the Air Force component of

ships in the MSC’s surge force; and 62 Ready

USTRANSCOM and provides the long-haul stra-

Reserve Force (RRF) ships that are maintained by

tegic airlift that is required by the CCDRs/JFCs.

the US Maritime Administration.

The AMC uses a fleet of aircraft to meet this

The RRF is a fleet of 62 reserve ships that are

requirement. In times of extreme national need,

maintained and crewed by the US Maritime

USTRANSCOM may contract for the services of

Administration. When activated, RRF ships

specific aircraft that is owned by a US entity or

come under the operational control of the MSC.

citizen. This program is known as the civil

The RRF includes government-owned tankers,

reserve air fleet. The level of support requested

crane ships, roll-on/roll-off ships, lighter aboard

by DOD dictates the number of heavy lift civil-

ships, modular cargo delivery system ships,

ian aircraft that are pressed into service for trans-

heavy lift ships, and one troop ship for surge

port of troops and supplies.

sealift requirements.

Military Sealift Command

Military Surface

The MSC is the Navy component of

Deployment and Distribution Command

USTRANSCOM and provides a variety of Ready

The SDDC is the Army component of

Reserve, prepositioning, and commercial shipping

USTRANSCOM that provides global surface dis-

for movement of DOD equipment and supplies.

tribution management and services in order to

meet national security objectives in peace and

Prepositioning Ships

war. The SDDC is a joint-Service, major Army

The successful deployment of US military forces

command and the surface transportation compo-

depends on the ability to act quickly. The MSC’s

nent of USTRANSCOM.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} 5-3

Joint Munitions Command

Naval Operational Logistics Support Center

Marine Corps interest in the JMC is related to its

The NOLSC, headquartered in Mechanicsburg,

functions as the field operating activity for the

PA, combines the functions of naval petroleum,

DOD. It is charged with producing, storing,

transportation, and ammunition to provide a com-

maintaining, and demilitarizing common conven-

prehensive operational logistic support command.

tional ammunition for all Military Services.

The NOLSC provides the requisite Class V(A)

support to Marine aviation, in concert with sup-

Marine Corps ammunition is primarily stored in

port provided to Navy component commanders

the JMC’s Tier I depots. The JMC maintains

and the CCDRs/JFCs.

three levels of installations. Tier I activities are

fully staffed and support munitions storage and

The Naval Operational Logistics Support Center

issue for training and war reserve materiel, Tier II

Ammunition (NOLSC AMMO) serves as

activities are partially staffed in peacetime and

NAVSUPSYSCOM’s ordnance ICP and logistic

are used for long-term storage, and the single Tier

support provider for all activities in the Navy and

III activity is minimally staffed and is used for

Marine Corps (aviation) that manage conven-

storage of the DOD excess munitions. Factors

tional ordnance. The NOLSC AMMO develops,

considered in ranking the installations were the

implements, and administers the naval ordnance

capabilities to offload, inspect and test, ship,

stockpile management policy.

store, maintain, and demilitarize ammunition; the

costs of operations; and the location relative to

As discussed in chapter 2, the current Navy,

the training sites and ports.

Marine Corps, and Coast Guard ordnance inven-

tory management systems are evolving into the

Tier I facilities store ammunition for training and

comprehensive OIS that provides critical near

the first 30 days of war reserve ammunition. The

real-time worldwide visibility. The OIS will

following are Tier I ammunition facilities.

improve and simplify the functions of day-to-day

East—Blue Grass Army Depot, KY.

ordnance inventory management.

East—Crane Army Ammunition Activity, IN.

Central—McAlester Army Ammunition Plant,

OK.

MODES OF SHIPMENT

West—Tooele Army Depot, UT.

Two modes of strategic transportation are used to

Joint Munitions

move ammunition: air movement and surface

Transportation Coordinating Activity

movement (rail, truck, or ships are modes of

surface movement). Air movements are generally

The JMTCA serves as the joint Service focal

more time-sensitive than surface movements and

point for export munitions ship planning, coordi-

far more constrained. In general, while moving

nation, and execution actions for those munitions

ammunition from CONUS depots to OCONUS,

that are moving aboard common user sealift. The

primary and secondary modes of transportation

JMTCA, under command and control of CG,

will be used. Primary modes generally consist of

JMC, consolidates all of the Services munitions

movement by ship or air, considering that they

requirements into effective and efficient move-

normally make up the preponderance of trans-

ment plans that are designed to provide the joint

portation. Secondary modes usually include

ammunition community’s decisionmakers with

movement by commercial truck or rail from

advanced shipment planning visibility.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

5-4 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

CONUS depots to the aerial port or seaport of

Surface Movement

embarkation. When planning and executing

Unless a break-bulk requirement exists in support

munitions distribution, each mode of shipment

of surface movement or amphibious operations,

must be considered.

20-foot ISO containers will be the sole movement

mechanism for Class V. Break-bulk cargo,

Airlift

consisting of individual palletized loads, is the

Airlift, as a rule, is seldom used for ammunition

least preferred method because handling times

movement except to expedite delivery of critical

and costs are greatly increased at each trans-

shortfalls. In any case, the most common air

portation node.

movements consist of channel air (via AMC or

Service aircraft) or intertheater airlift (via AMC

or AMC-contract aircraft), including contracted

STRATEGIC AMMUNITION PORTS

carriers. Space and weight limitations have more

of a direct affect on air movements than with sea

There are three ports that have been designated by

movements that utilize the containerized ammu-

USTRANSCOM as strategic ammunition ports to

nition distribution system.

be used during contingencies. They are the

Military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point, NC; the

Strategic Airlift

Military Ocean Terminal Concord, CA; and the

Navy Munitions Command, Detachment Indian

Strategic airlift flights are considered dedicated

Island, WA.

lift, they do not require clearance for explosives

holding areas and are not required to be cleared

Military Ocean Terminal, Sunny Point

by the airlift clearance authority. Typically, at

The Military Ocean Terminal, Sunny Point is

least 15 short tons must be moved in order to

operated by the 597th Transportation Group and

qualify the movement for strategic airlift.

is the only designated East Coast port for strate-

gic movement of ammunition.

Channel Lift

Military Ocean Terminal, Concord

Channel lift for munitions differs from strategic

airlift in the sense that items are shipped on a

The Military Ocean Terminal, Concord is one of

space available basis according to priority. All

two West Coast ports operated by the 834th

munitions awaiting transportation via channel lift

Transportation Battalion and is currently in a

must be coordinated between the Service airlift

reduced operating status. The Military Ocean Ter-

clearance authority, the JMTCA, and the aerial

minal, Concord is not used for routine general

port of embarkation.

cargo movement; instead, it is maintained in

reduced operating status and exercised on a lim-

Ship Movement

ited basis to maintain readiness.

Containerized ammunition distribution using

Navy Munitions Command,

20-foot ISO containers is the preferred method of

Detachment Indian Island

movement for Class V materials via ship since it

facilitates the ease of handling and maximizes

The Navy Munitions Command, Detachment

space utilization aboard ship.

Indian Island is expected to be available for joint

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} 5-5

transportation operations following Navy ship

maintenance location for Marine Corps pre-

offload. It is capable of supporting simultaneous

positioned ammunition.

break-bulk and container loading operations.

Navy Munitions Command, Detachment Earle

The Navy Munitions Command, Detachment

ADDITIONAL AMMUNITIONS

Earle, NJ is capable of both break-bulk and

PORTS (NONSTRATEGIC)

limited container handling using portable cranes.

Some of the MEU LFORM ammunition is

The following port activities have limited capacity

loaded here.

for Class V operations.

Blount Island Terminal, Jacksonville

Navy Munitions Command,

Detachment Charleston

The Blount Island Terminal, Jacksonville, FL is

operated by the Marine Corps Blount Island Com-

The Navy Munitions Command, Detachment

mand. It is used predominantly in support of

Charleston, SC is used as the throughput port for

MPS, but can also be used for ammunition move-

the Army’s prepositioned assets and as the

ment during contingencies.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

CHAPTER 6

AMMUNITION/AVIATION ORDNANCE OPERATIONS

This chapter provides a broad understanding of

The NAVELSF consists of Navy cargo-handling

ammunition and aviation ordnance operations.

battalions (NCHBs), Navy air cargo handling

battalion, Navy supply support battalions, Navy

When deploying a MEF-sized MAGTF, person-

ordnance reporting and handling battalion, and

nel are generally flown to the destination with

Navy expeditionary logistics response cell.

their personal equipment and a limited amount of

supplies to sustain themselves for a few days

The NAVELSF battalions that are of interest to

until they marry up with prepositioned supplies

the Marine Corps for deployed operations are the

and equipment embarked on MPS.

NCHB and the Navy ordnance reporting and

handling battalion, and specifically their involve-

ment during Class V operations at the POD/POE

RECEPTION AND STAGING

and related RSOI operations.

When ammunition shipments arrive in the area of

Navy Cargo Handling Battalion

responsibility at the various PODs, they have

The NCHBs load and offload all classes of cargo

completed the travel that is specified in the

except for bulk petroleum. The NCHBs are orga-

TPFDD. Once in theater, the assets are effec-

tively under the control of the CCDR/JFC. In the

nized, trained, and equipped to load and offload

early stages of the campaign, it may be the

Navy and Marine Corps cargo that are carried in

responsibility of Service components to conduct

MPS, container ships, or aircraft in all environ-

their own offload and staging operations until a

ments. This includes the capability to operate

structured theater capability has matured to

temporary ocean or air cargo terminals.

assume general responsibility for the arriving and

departing materiel. This is especially true for

Naval Ordnance

MPS and other afloat-prepositioned assets that

Reporting and Handling Battalion

arrive early in the flow, before theater-level capa-

The Navy ordnance reporting and handling

bilities can be activated. Sufficient ammunition

battalion provides commanders with expedi-

personnel and requisite support gear should arrive

tionary ordnance documentation capability for

in-theater prior to the reception and staging of

Navy munitions, including Class V(A) used by

Class V in order to prepare for ammunition oper-

Marine Corps aviation. They provide a full

ations such as establishing a FASP.

spectrum capability of handling, reporting, and

Naval Expeditionary Logistics Support Force

stowage for palletized and containerized ordnance

and ammunition.

The Naval Expeditionary Logistics Support Force

(NAVELSF) provides expeditionary logistic

Port and Terminal Operations

capabilities to CCDR/JFC, combining active duty

and mobilization ready Navy Reserve forces. The

The SDDC will deploy port and terminal opera-

NAVELSF also provides logistic support during

tions capabilities early in the execution phase.

emergent task force missions, stability operations,

These early arrivals, in concert with NAVELSF

and humanitarian aid and disaster relief operations.

component units, and components of the MLG

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

6-2 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

will form the nucleus of initial reception and

The ammunition and components received are

staging operations.

either containerized, break-bulk, or a combination

of both. The TSAs normally operate in a perma-

Operational Safety Concerns

nent or semi-permanent storage facility that

enables retrograde operations. However, in a

In the case of Class V, it is important to keep the

combat environment, the TSA may be relocated

port area as clear as possible in the event of a

to a field environment where the ammunition

mishap. Class V materiel should not be allowed

stocks are kept in open storage. The CSAs are the

to accumulate in the port operations area. Instead,

primary source of high-tonnage Class V ammuni-

it should be segregated in a separate staging area

tion for an Army division, corps, or similar sized

until determinations can be made for its final dis-

unit. Stockage levels normally range from 10 to

position. Strict adherence to explosive safety

15 days during the initial buildup, to 7 to 10 days

quantity distance (ESQD) criteria is extremely

for sustainment operations. The storage environ-

important to protect these critical stocks in the

ment of the CSA depends on the tactical situa-

event of a mishap. In the early stages of the cam-

tion. The ASPs generally maintain a 1- to 3-day

paign, this will likely remain a Service compo-

supply of ammunition in order meet routine,

nent responsibility until theater capabilities can

surge, and emergency requirements for an Army

be established.

corps, division, or similar sized unit. Unlike the

TSA and CSA, ASP stocks are most often stored

on the ground on unimproved surfaces.

ONWARD MOVEMENT AND INTEGRATION

MOVEMENT

Once the materiel has been identified, the Service

owner determined, and a final destination

selected, the materiel can be forwarded out of the

The movement of personnel, equipment, and/or

port area to transient holding for transportation or

supplies during operations requires an enormous

directly on to its destination. Dispersion of all

amount of planning and coordination. Resources

cargoes to their intended destinations, including

must be balanced against operational require-

Class V, will require use of a significant fraction

ments to determine whether transportation

of the commander’s organic transportation assets,

capabilities are adequate to support and sustain

which is augmented by contracted line haul if

the operation. Transportation security must also

locally available. At this stage, the final desti-

be taken into consideration, to include route

nation is normally the facilities operated by the

selection, sufficient transport assets, communi-

supporting logistics combat elements (LCEs).

cations, security personnel, and sufficient arming.

Logistic units must coordinate security with the

Operating in a joint environment may result in

appropriate supporting units to ensure force pro-

the Marine Corps depending on Army ammuni-

tection. Operational risk management procedures

tion support activities. The three types of Army

must be used in evaluating protective measures

ammunition support activities that receive, store,

necessary to ensure Class V is exposed to the

issue, and maintain conventional ammunition

lowest threat level.

stocks are ASPs, corps storage areas (CSAs), and

TSAs. The TSA carries the largest amount of

Wartime HN support must be considered during

ammunition, followed by the CSA, and then the

movement planning. In many cases, ammunition

ASP. The TSAs receive 100 percent of its ammu-

movement requirements exceed the organic capa-

nition from the POD, whether it is a surface port,

bility of the Service component and wartime HN

aerial port, or logistics-over-the-shore operations.

support must be utilized.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} 6-3

described in NAVSEA OP 5, Volume 1, Ammu-

COMBAT LOGISTIC SUPPORT

nition and Explosives Safety Ashore.

DURING AMPHIBIOUS OPERATIONS

The LCE component will establish the FASP at

designated sites. For larger forces and their

Combat logistic support during amphibious oper-

ammunition needs, the footprint of the FASP may

ations basically involves the process of providing

be as large as 2 miles by 1 mile, although terrain

initial supplies and sustainment for the assault

or other operational considerations may dictate a

echelon and assault follow-on echelon as the tran-

smaller area. The following series of figures

sition from the sea-based to shore-based opera-

depict the FASP layout, drilling down from the

tions occur. Each ship participating in offload

ASP to a module, and then down to a cell.

operations requires a well-conceived offload/dis-

charge plan to ensure sustainment is available as

Whether the FASP has one or up to eight storage

required. The conduct and sequencing of the off-

modules, the general layout depicted in the fig-

ure 6-1 will hold true for the external activities

load will, in many cases, be constrained by the

that are collocated with FASP operations.

availability of offload systems. At the landing

points, beach cargo movement will be con-

The sling out area illustrated in figure 6-1, on

strained by the number and availability of beach

page 6-4, requires a 90-foot x 90-foot pad and a

offload points. The RSOI planning is critical for

minimum of 1,800 feet from other ammunition

this stage of landing force operations.

storage. Unserviceable ammunition and captured

enemy ammunition must be segregated at least

2,340 feet from other ammunition storage. The

STORAGE

demolition area must be a minimum of 1,800 feet

from ammunition storage and 2,340 feet from

any other areas. It is important to note that these

Storage planning, once the notional requirements

distances are situationally dependent and driven

are known, is a relatively straightforward matter.

by maximum net explosive weight (NEW) val-

In deployed environments, permanent, earth-

ues. A smaller FASP may never attain the

covered reinforced, concrete magazines are not

250,000-pound per cell threshold that is used to

available, and they cannot be readily constructed.

establish the distances depicted in figure 6-1.

Utilization of hardened structures would also

Each of the storage modules will be comprised of

hinder the force’s ability to displace efficiently.

one to eight storage cells of varying dimensions

The force must plan for a significant deliberate

regarding overall length and width. However, the

engineering effort to construct one or more

critical dimensions for both the outer module

FASPs. The FASP design does not provide the

walls and the individual cell walls within are the

safety margins of error that exist in a permanent

24-foot base and 12- to 15-foot berm height,

depending on the native soil or other amending

storage facility from the risks of propagation by

construction materials. These two-dimensional

fire or explosion in the event of an accident or

characteristics are the principal static safety

enemy action. The FASP uses the guidelines in

feature of the FASP for minimizing risks of

Naval Sea Systems Command Ordnance Publica-

propagation by explosion. Each cell will be rated

tion (NAVSEA OP) 5, Volume 3, Ammunition

for 250,000 pounds of NEW. Using the safe

and Explosives Ashore, Advanced Base, provide

separation distance tables from NAVSEA OP 5,

a level of risk that is acceptable, and manageable

Volume 1, the minimum safe distance for all

when using the storage and handling principles

collocated operations may be calculated.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

6-4 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

Sling Out

Area

1800 ft

2340 ft

Demolition

Area

Demolition

Area

1960 ft

1800 ft

527 ft

Container

1175 ft

Vehicle

Shuttling

Holding

Area

ASP

Operations

527 ft

1175 ft

Segregation

Area

Figure 6-1. Example for General Layout of the FASP.

Figure 6-2 depicts containerized ammunition

useable for other, unintended purposes. However,

storage, but can just as easily be adapted to bulk

to the maximum extent possible, emptied con-

storage of palletized ammunition once it is

tainers should be staged away from the FASP and

removed from the shipping ISO container. There

marshalled for retrograde or recovery and reuse.

are times when emptied containers become

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} 6-5

Above Ground Barricaded Magazine Layout

240 ft

3 ft

65 ft

Each magazine can hold 60, 20-ft ISO

containers 30 on each side, 3 deep. Each

container is 20 ft long and 8 ft wide. Each

3 ft

above ground magazine is sited for 500,000

lbs NEW.

12 ft

Figure 6-2. Sample Layout of a Storage Cell.

across all functions of Marine aviation. See

AVIATION GROUND SUPPORT

MCWP 3-2, Aviation Operations, for more

detailed information.

Aviation ground support (AGS) consists of

The AGS is the critical component that gives

ground support functions required (less aircraft

Marine aviation its expeditionary capability. The

supply, maintenance, and ordnance) for sustained

AGS consists of numerous ground functional

air operations at forward operating bases and air

capabilities that support the MAGTF aviation

bases. The AGS directly supports employment

assets in austere environments. The subject of

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

6-6 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

general AGS is discussed in great detail in

minutes and ordnance uploading takes up the

MCWP 3-21.2, Aviation Logistics. The follow-

remainder of the time. The overriding factor in

ing paragraphs address Class V interests under

estimating FARP processing time revolves

the umbrella of AGS.

around ordnance requirements. Processing times

depend on environmental factors, aircraft arma-

Aviation Logistic Support

ment, and support personnel proficiency. The

FARP operations should be considered aviation

In addition to the AGS, the ACE will require

operations, while FARP planning, coordination,

aviation logistic support in order to operate ashore.

and executions are logistic responsibilities of the

The MALS and the MAGTF LCE provide

requesting unit.

aviation logistic support capabilities to the ACE.

The MALS provides logistic support, which

The FARPs are not exclusively AGS operations.

includes aviation supply and maintenance support

Other elements of the ACE may also be present,

for the aircraft, aviation support equipment, and

such as Marine wing communications squadron,

aviation armament and ordnance equipment.

Marine air traffic control mobile team, low alti-

Refer to MCWP 3-2 for more information on the

tude air defense, MALS, or Marine aircraft group

role of a MALS in support of Marine aviation. The

or squadron assets.

MAGTF LCE provides logistic support to the

The knowledge and experience in logistics, air-

Marine wing support squadron (MWSS) as

craft refueling, and security resident in the MWSS

required. The MWSS determines, requests, and

make it the ideal source for providing personnel

coordinates logistic support from the LCE, as de-

who will become the second in command of the

scribed in MCWP 4-11, Tactical Level Logistics.

FARP. The FARP officer in charge deconflicts

requirements and interacts with various agencies

Forward Arming and Refueling Points

outside of the FARP such as Marine tactical air

The FARP’s mission is to provide fuel and ord-

command center, direct air support center, low

nance that are necessary for highly mobile and

altitude air defense, and pilots, while the MWSS

flexible helicopter and fixed-wing operations.

representative manages and supervises the activi-

The size of the FARP varies with the mission and

ties internal to the FARP. Refer to Naval Air Sys-

the number of aircraft that require service. Nor-

tems Command Manual 00-80T-109, Aircraft

mally, FARPs are temporary, transient facilities

Refueling Naval Air Training and Operating Pro-

established for a specific duration and mission.

cedures Standardization Manual, for details

The scope of flight operations in the FARP area

regarding FARP operations. The notional FARP

should include, but not be limited to, individual

organization is detailed in figure 6-3.

aircraft, sections, or divisions of aircraft requiring

ordnance and refueling.

Security

The objective of a FARP is to minimize response

Physical security and force protection activities

time and decrease turnaround time in support of

are important components of the FASP and the

sustained operations. Achieving these objectives

FARP operations. Terrain, operational condi-

involves minimizing flight time to and from the

tions, and threat assessment will dictate the secu-

FARP and reducing the refueling time and the

rity provisions that are required. It could,

rearming time within the FARP. Fueling and

however, range from a simple guard post and

arming of assault support aircraft can be accom-

perimeter security, to a full-blown defense in

plished in about 20 to 30 minutes, while process-

depth with guard posts, guard towers, security

ing an attack aircraft may take up to 45 to 50

lighting, and even active patrolling. Munitions

minutes. In both instances, fueling takes 10 to 15

and fuels are the commodities most susceptible to

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} 6-7

DASC/Marine TACC

FARP OIC/Air Boss

(from requesting unit)

MWSS

MACG

MALS

Security

Detachment

Force

Fuels

MMT

Ordnance

ARFF

Comm

Maintenance

EOD

LAAD

ARFF air rescue fire fighter

Comm communications

DASC direct air support center

EOD

explosive ordnance disposal

LAAD

low altitude air defense

MACG

Marine Air Control Group

MMT

military movement team

OIC

officer in charge

TACC

tactical air command center

Figure 6-3. Notional FARP Organization.

interdiction by enemy action with potentially cat-

tasked and organized to operate two separate

astrophic results; of the two, munitions are the

direct support ammunition platoons providing

most difficult to reconstitute.

supply point distribution to the supported units

with organic transportation and conducting

mobile combat support operations to the sup-

DISTRIBUTION

ported units without organic transportation. The

general support ammunition company may be

augmented with aviation ordnance personnel

Distribution of materiel to the supported units is a

when providing general support to ACE units.

singularly difficult task, whether distributing the

The MALS provides general support/direct sup-

assets from a central distribution point or making

port to its parent Marine aircraft group and

direct deliveries to the supported units. The gen-

assigned squadrons, and, on order, establishes

eral support ammunition company of the MLG is

and operates the FARP.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

6-8 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

Distribution Methods

THE MUNITIONS REPORT

The two distribution methods are supply point

distribution and unit distribution.

The MUREP, when activated by the CCDR/JFC

or the joint staff, will be utilized to report the sta-

Supply Point Distribution

tus of Class V from every organization in the

chain of command. Each major subordinate com-

The supply point distribution method is employed

mand will consolidate the MUREP data from

when the supported units are issued supplies from

their subordinate units and forward that consoli-

a central point such as a depot, airhead, naviga-

dated report to higher headquarters. The MUREP

tion head, railhead, or a logistic train site, and

reports requirements, receipts, projected deliver-

then the supported unit moves the supplies using

ies, expenditures, and asset posture in quantifi-

organic transportation.

able terms. This allows the CCDR and/or joint

staff to measure available Class V inventories

Unit Distribution

against requirements in order to assess warfight-

The unit distribution method is employed when

ing endurance and assist logistical decisionmak-

supplies are delivered directly to the supported

ing. The MUREPs are required once daily via

units and the supporting unit provides transporta-

message, or any other practical method, unless

tion. The supported unit is then responsible for

otherwise dictated in local battle rhythms.

internal distribution. The supported unit gener-

ally establishes a basic load ammunition holding

area. These are areas in which a unit can hold

SUSTAINMENT AND RESUPPLY

their assets for immediate internal distribution to

support unit operation. The area can be used as a

The MAGTF Class V sustainment includes

holding area for critical munitions, Security Risks

accompanying supplies and resupply. Accom-

Category 1 and 2 items, and assets above the

panying supplies are an integral part of the

basic load that can be supported by the unit’s

MAGTF logistic load in virtually all situations.

organic transportation assets. Supported units

Operational factors and/or supply availability may

usually prefer the unit distribution method. How-

require readjusting accompanying and resupply

ever, the MAGTF seldom has enough transporta-

balances. The minimum baseline of accom-

tion assets to permit unit distribution to all

panying supplies for a MEF-sized MAGTF is

supported organizations.

historically 30 days. The availability of aviation

ordnance and ground ammunition fluctuates and

Distribution Method Considerations

is theater dependent.

The MAGTF commander usually determines the

Class V Resupply

distribution method used. When supply point dis-

tribution is used, care must be taken not to restrict

Resupply must be planned for and scheduled prior

operations for units with limited organic transpor-

to expending accompanying supplies and to con-

tation. When the MAGTF commander selects

tinue through the entire period as established by

unit distribution, the LCE/ACE commander must

the supported theater CCDR’s/JFC’s guidance.

develop a transportation network from the sup-

ported organization to the rear supply area that

Accompanying supplies are a combination of

does not generate equipment shortages in rear

supplies aboard the MPS, supplies accompanying

areas. In practice, the limited transportation assets

the amphibious forces, and additional items

will compel the MAGTF commander to use a

shipped from CONUS or key locations around

combination of supply point and unit distribution.

the world. The Marine Corps logistic system is

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} 6-9

designed to support most general MAGTF

under the CCDR/JFC that is responsible for each

requirements from on-hand supplies through the

major operation and campaign that is defined in

LCE as depicted in figure 6-4, on page 6-10. The

DODI 3000.4.

Navy supply system provides aviation-peculiar

The Navy fleet commanders, as logistic agents for

support through the MALS. External support may

be provided to meet the MAGTF requirements.

naval forces, should conduct, in coordination with

Wartime HN support and inter-Service support

the MARFOR, periodic assessments of the CCDR

agreements may also be established.

and/or JFC requirements in support of major oper-

ations and campaigns, small-scale contingencies,

Theater-Level Class V General Support

and current operations/forward presence require-

ments. These assessments compare Class V

To provide operational-level support, the Marine

requirements against inventories and serve as the

Corps component commander may establish a

basis for sourcing ammunition and TPFDD plan-

Marine logistics command (MLC). The MLC is

ning and execution.

responsible for establishing the theater support

structure to facilitate arrival, assembly, and RSOI

Supply Rates

operations. In addition, the MLC could provide

operational logistic support to Marine Corps

Commanders must carefully monitor the pro-

forces as the Marine component commander’s

jected requirements and the available inventory

operational level logistic agency in theater.

compared to actual expenditures in order to

ensure that any potential support shortfalls are

Normally, the MLC mission is assigned to a

identified in a timely manner. In the event that in-

specific MLG. Additional resources may also be

theater assets are insufficient to support require-

assigned—based on the operational situation,

ments, the component commander must deter-

theater geography, and infrastructure

mine the best course of action, which may

requirements—to the MLG for the conduct of

include constrained supply rates.

theater-support logistic operations.

CLASS V EXTERNAL SUPPORT

CLASS V(A) SUSTAINMENT

Even though “arming the force” is a Service

Class V(A) sustainment is based on combat

responsibility, circumstances may create the need

expenditures of the ACE’s generated munitions

for giving or receiving external support. By uti-

requirements. Ordnance personnel in the

lizing common-user logistics, the CCDR/JFC

CCDR’s/JFC’s area of responsibility and the

may produce significant economy of force in

NOLSC AMMO monitor the expenditures and

equipment, personnel, and supplies. The costs

submit requisitions for resupply based on the on-

and benefits of this action must be weighed care-

hand balance of the requirements or new mission

fully against the overall plan, logistics, and inven-

tasking for the ACE.

tory constraints.

Sustainment Planning

Common Item Support

During deliberate planning, each Service’s

Common item support is a CCDR-designated

calculation of the operation plans munitions

inter-Service support agreement or directive

requirements are sourced and entered into the

authority for logistics, tasking one Service

JOPES by the respective Service component

component to provide materiel and/or services

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

6-10 ^{___________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

CLC

Physical replenishment/evacuation/operational flows

Option based on METT-T and location

CLB

ESB

(DS GCE)

CLB

TSG

(GS MEF)

CLB

CLC

CLB

(DS MHG)

CLC

MLC

CLC

(DS ACE)

ASG

TSC

CLB

combat logistics battalion

CLC

combat logistics company

direct support

ESB

engineer support battalion

general support

METT-T

mission, enemy, terrain,

troops available-time available

MHG MEF headquarters group

TSG

theater support group

Figure 6-4. Notional Logistical combat Support Concept of Operations.

(such as classes V & VIII [Graves Registration])

ammunition because of the significant com-

and line haul. In the context of Class V, the

monality between Marine Corps and Army

responsibility for providing CIS, when appro-

weapons systems, and it can work reasonably

priate, is generally assigned based on the “pre-

well for rotary-wing attack aviation. Depending

dominant user” concept. In practice, this arrange-

on the scenario, CIS may also be directed for

ment can work well for Class V(W) ground

Class V(A). Regardless of which Service is

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{__________________________________________________________________________________________} 6-11

considered to be the dominant user, CIS must

depleting ammunition stores. Cross-leveling reim-

never be considered as an avenue to circumvent

bursement generally occurs in theater.

Service-level logistic responsibilities.

Common item support is accomplished to reduce

redundancy and identify a single source provider

Cross-Service Support

for specific services and material in a designated

Cross-Service support is appropriate when DOD

area of operations. Common item support reim-

procedures for CIS or inter-Service support

bursement occurs at the Service level.

agreements already exist. The CCDRs/JFCs

have directive authority for logistics by which

Class V(A) and Common Item Support

they may authorize cross-Service support within

their theater.

Since Class V(A) aviation ordnance used by the

Marine Corps is owned, managed, and procured

Coalition, bilateral, and/or HN support agree-

by the Navy, CIS exists by default. Once initial

ments authorize specified support across national

and sustaining supplies of Class V(A) have been

lines. The component commanders coordinate

exhausted, the Navy component commander may

requests for cross-Service or cross-national

proportionally reallocate theater naval assets until

logistic support.

resupply can be achieved.

Common Item Support Versus Cross-Leveling

Additionally, where appropriate, CIS can be insti-

tuted between Army, Navy, Marine Corps, or Air

Common item support and cross-leveling are

Force components or coalition forces depending

both functions of cross-servicing by one Service

on aircraft compatibility with the available

component command in support of another for

ordnance and the mission to be flown. However,

which reimbursement is required from the

the potential availability of CIS for Class V at

Service receiving support. However, CIS and

some future point in time does not relieve com-

cross-leveling are not synonymous.

manders of the obligation to plan for their initial

Cross-leveling is conducted to mitigate the effects

and sustaining requirements during the early

of local inventory imbalances, to support immedi-

stages of a campaign or operation: this remains a

ate operational necessity, and to reduce the risk of

Service responsibility.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

CHAPTER 7

RETROGRADE OPERATIONS

Class V retrograde operations are the directed,

GENERAL RETROGRADE PLANNING

organized movement to the rear or away from the

enemy. Retrograde is complex, requiring detailed

Retrograde operations must be included in the

planning and considerable in-theater resources.

initial planning of every exercise/operation, not

Retrograde operations are broken down into three

when the exercise/operation is drawing to a close.

separate and distinct operations, with different

Planning and responsibility for retrograde

end objectives: redeployment, reconstitution, and

operations is a Service component responsibility,

regeneration (R3).

in conjunction with theater support agencies if

Redeployment is the transfer of Class V in

they are available, and is based on the mission

order to support other operational requirements

requirements and the characteristics of the force

to be supported.

or to return it to the home station/depot.

Reconstitution is the action taken to restore

In order to conduct effective retrograde opera-

units to a desired level of combat effectiveness

tions, leaders must enforce supply discipline at

commensurate with mission requirements and

the time of issue to the supported units and during

available resources. In the case of Class V, it is

the initial unpacking. This includes the salvage

generally the restoration of assets to a suitable

and maintenance of the packing materials that are

state for re-embarkation.

going to be used in retrograde. Tremendous

Regeneration is the rebuilding of a unit through

resources are required in order to restore and re-

large-scale replacement of personnel, equip-

package ammunition. Besides organic assets,

contractor and HN support may be required.

ment, and supplies. Class V regeneration is a

continuation of the reconstitution effort and

Before R3 operations begin, and while the com-

involves the restoration of prepositioned muni-

bat operations are still ongoing, logistic planners

tions to a suitable state for re-embarkation and

monitor the levels of munitions in the theater.

return to their normal duty station to resume

Maintaining situational awareness of munition

routine operations. These activities apply to the

levels in the theater serves multiple purposes;

MPS supplies and equipment, the LFORM, and

among them, enabling estimation of the packing

the MLA for the embarked MEU assigned to

materials that are needed to retrograde munitions.

the expeditionary strike group.

The majority of R3 operations will frequently

occur at the farthest points forward, generally

In most cases, these three functions of retrograde

where the supported unit has conducted their

will often operate concurrently and at multiple

turn-in. The R3 operation will become pro-

locations. Some locations will process ground

gressively more sophisticated as materiel moves

ammunition or aviation ordnance exclusively.

farther to the rear, through the ASP/FARP and

Others will run combined operations, especially

other storage activities, to a theater depot or port,

those that are closest to the consolidation points

and onward to a CONUS/OCONUS depot or

supporting the POE.

MPF/CLF shipping, as appropriate. To ensure

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

7-2 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

compliance with storage and transportation regu-

diminish. In that state, it is easy to allow

lations, load drawings for the containerization of

complacency to set in. Leaders must enforce

Class V items can be found at the JMC Defense

safety discipline during all ammunition opera-

Ammunition Center Web site.

tions, including unpacking, restoration, repacking,

and retrograde.

The R3 planning incorporates a vast array of crit-

ical issues and concerns. One of the key issues

planners must address during the initial phases is

CONDITION OF MUNITIONS

how to recover and retrograde ammunition that

remains after the operation or exercise ends. Dur-

For planning purposes, the MARFOR com-

ing past operations like Operations Desert Shield,

mander must consider the following assumptions

Desert Storm, Joint Endeavor, and Iraqi Freedom,

about the condition of munitions under the con-

significant amounts of munitions were requisi-

trol of the supported forces:

tioned and issued to the deploying forces. A large

part of these munitions were not expended and

Munitions have been removed from the

the retrograde stockpile that resulted placed an

original packing and are no longer in pristine

enormous strain on the ammunition support sys-

condition.

tems of all the Services.

The supported units have not retained packing

or packaging materials.

The R3 plans differ significantly from movement

All Class V assets will require a serviceability

plans that are made before leaving CONUS. Per-

inspection, including the assets that are in con-

sonnel, time, equipment, and materiel become

tainers, to ensure that the load is secured prop-

more important when the main effort is directed

erly with blocking and bracing.

at retrograding and reconstituting personnel and

All of the Class V assets that are removed from

equipment to CONUS and munitions and equip-

the containers for storage or issue to the

ment to MPF shipping and other storage sites as

supported units must undergo formal sen-

quickly as possible. At a minimum, planners

tencing to assign an appropriate condition code

should consider the following:

for the purpose of transportation. The governing

directives for this process are NAVSUP P-805,

Begin planning for Class V-related retrograde

Navy and Marine Corps Conventional Ammu-

operations as early in the deployment as

nition Sentencing Receipt, Segregation, Storage

possible.

and Issue Sentencing, and NAVSUP P-807,

Plan for a retrograde process that promotes

Navy and Marine Corps Conventional Ammu-

consolidation of Class V materiel at logical

nition Sentencing-Fleet Sentencing, Volume 3.

points to return to one or more central pro-

cessing sites for preparation, loading, and

eventual shipping.

FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

To ensure that all facets of retrograde planning

OPERATIONAL SAFETY

are addressed, all of the retrograde plans should

include the following:

Safety is a fundamental concern during all

ammunition logistic operations. The specter of

Assign specific responsibilities of the

preventable noncombat casualties resulting from

MARFOR headquarters, MLC or LCE, sup-

improper handling and repackaging of munitions

porting ammunition units, and supported units.

is never acceptable. At the conclusion of opera-

Establish reporting requirement and capabili-

tions following a major deployment, there is a

ties for packaging, storing, consolidating, and

natural tendency for operational urgency to

security.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} 7-3

Obtain and provide empty storage containers,

During the various stages of buildup and actual

as well as other materials that are needed to

conflict, arrangements must be made for the

build and repair pallets and containers.

recovery and storage of packing materials. These

Form retrograde planning cells.

materials can occupy an extraordinary amount of

Identify special requirements for the classified

space. They can be backhauled to a central loca-

munitions, munitions assigned Controlled

tion or stored in a separate area near the CSA or in

Inventory Item Code (CIIC) Categories I and II

any other area having the capability and capacity.

or critical sensitive items.

Contact the appropriate ICP to request special-

Visibility and Accountability

ized teams of personnel that will assist in retro-

If the supported unit has not established Class V

grade planning and operations.

visibility and accountability while in possession of

Assign responsibilities for recovery of packing

the ammunition, then it must be established at the

materials.

ASP/FARP level where assets have been turned

Prepare for possibly significant disposal

in. This is most particularly true with CIIC I and

efforts.

serial controlled munitions. Accountability prob-

Develop plans that define the expected retro-

lems are exacerbated with the commencement of

grade procedures. These plans must identify

hostilities; however, as much as possible, visibil-

tasks required to return ammunition to its

original packing configuration or some other

ity of packing materials must be maintained as

authorized configuration.

diligently as possible. If this is done succesfully,

shortages will be easier to identify and correct.

Retrograde Operations

Segregation and Inspection

Upon completion of military operations or field

At the segregation area, unexpended ammunition

training exercises, the tedious job of collecting,

is identified and segregated by type and lot num-

identifying, preparing, repackaging, loading, and

ber, checked for nonstandard or hazardous condi-

shipping the ammunition begins. These tasks

tions, and repacked or palletized and stored

commence the redeployment, reconstitution, and

consistent with separation distances required by

regeneration processes and signal the start of the

NAVSEA OP 5, Volume 3. In established the-

munitions retrograde program within the Class V

aters of operation, qualified QA personnel con-

community. During retrograde operations, the

duct surveillance activities. These personnel

supporting ASP/FARP may also continue to pro-

inspect and classify ammunition and its compo-

vide munitions to residual security forces while

nents during movement, storage, and mainte-

relocating the excess to the MLC ammunition

nance operations. They also inspect equipment,

storage area, other designated ASP, or theater

facilities, and operating procedures. A desig-

support activities.

nated inspector will visually inspect opened

The following factors should be taken into consi-

ammunition containers and determine the ser-

deration before actual retrograde operations begin:

viceability of both the ammunition and its con-

tainers. Additionally, inspectors must check for

Availability of facilities.

compatibility and ammunition in a hazardous

Availability of shipping points from the

condition. Added precautions should be taken

theater.

when handling munitions not factory packed;

Availability of HN and logistical support.

especially depleted uranium. See Technical Bul-

Availability of qualified Navy and Marine

letin 9-1300-278, Guidelines for Safe Response to

Corps quality assurance (QA) and QE personnel.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

7-4 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

Handling, Storage, and Transportation Acci-

understand the scope of work necessary to com-

dents Involving Army Tank Munitions or Armor

plete the mission. Security personnel should

Which Contain Depleted Uranium.

thoroughly screen HN personnel to ensure that

the appropriate clearances are granted.

Packaging and Packing Materials

Safety

When retrograded munitions reach the desig-

nated ASP, they have to be accounted for, cleaned

During retrograde operations, leaders must

ensure safety policies and procedures are care-

to the extent practicable, reconfigured, repack-

fully observed. Safety policies and procedures

aged, inspected, and assigned a condition code.

must address—

Generally, the packing materials that are used by

opposing forces should not be used; munitions

Complacency that accompanies a general sense

can be misidentified and usually are not of the

that the operation is concluding may cause

proper size or quality for US items. However,

Marines to become inattentive and careless.

these materials can be used for retrograde of cap-

The collection of battlefield souvenirs may

tured enemy munitions and weapons. Packing and

include unexploded ordnance and should be

packaging of these munitions for transportation

explicitly prohibited and rigorously enforced.

must meet or exceed the DOD transportation stan-

This sort of preventable transgression presents

dards that are required for US munitions. Return

extreme unwarranted hazards to personnel,

of captured munitions or weapons should be a rig-

property, and transportation assets.

idly controlled process, with a single authority,

Taking shortcuts to avoid established safety

and only done when it serves an explicit purpose,

procedures may result in serious injury when

such as foreign intelligence collection.

processing and handling ammunition and

explosives (A/E).

Unserviceable Munitions

Once the ammunition has been properly

inspected, repaired, repackaged, and sentenced

During retrograde operations, unserviceable

as serviceable or unserviceable by QA/QE per-

munitions are typically destroyed in the HN

sonnel, it must be retrograded from the theater

rather than repatriated. The responsible support-

or applied to reconstitution efforts.

ing ammunition unit will request disposition

instructions before destroying the munitions,

unless the munitions are in a hazardous or unsafe

DESTRUCTION OF AMMUNITION

state, requiring immediate disposal. Also see

appendix B for additional information regarding

Commanders must follow applicable safety and

environmental issues that must be considered

environmental regulations when destroying muni-

across the full range of military operations.

tions. The two categories of ammunition destruc-

tion are routine and emergency.

Other Considerations

Captured enemy ammunition will follow the

Routine Destruction

same criteria used for US munitions, it must be

Routine destruction occurs during normal day-to-

accounted for, stored, guarded, and kept separate

day operations; for example, the destruction of

from US munitions.

unserviceable ammunition. See appendix B for

additional information. In large part, local

If contractor/HN support is to be used for retro-

mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and

grade operations, it must be negotiated early in

support available-time available constraints

the operation. Contractors must know and fully

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} 7-5

control the destruction of ammunition. However,

be performed after it is inspected. Maintenance

a general plan for the destruction of unserviceable

operations include minor packaging and preserva-

ammunition and captured enemy ammunition

tion operations, such as:

must be prepared for every storage activity. The

Cleaning Class V(W) only.

destruction site should be carefully selected so

that explosive fragments, debris, and toxic vapors

Minor rust and corrosion repair Class V(W)

do not become a hazard to personnel, materiel,

only.

facilities, or other on-going operations.

Repair and replace boxes and crates.

Replace or augment packaging

The Marine Corps or Navy DDA must authorize

destruction of unserviceable ammunition, as appli-

Restenciling of containers.

cable. Whenever practical, ammunition destruc-

Desiccant replacement.

tion operations should be supervised by qualified

explosive ordnance disposal personnel.

The ammunition company of the MLG and the

MALS of the Marine aircraft group do not pos-

Emergency Destruction

sess maintenance capability beyond limited first

Emergency destruction of ammunition prevents

echelon maintenance. All supported units that

the ammunition from being captured by enemy

have ammunition on hand should perform lim-

forces. Only the division, wing, and MLG com-

ited organizational maintenance with technical

manders and above have the authority to order

assistance from the supporting ammunition units.

the emergency destruction of ammunition. This

authority may be delegated to subordinate com-

Ammunition units will perform packaging and

manders. Technical Manual 43-0002-33,

preservation operations as required, to prevent

Destruction of Conventional Ammunition and

further ammunition deterioration. If added main-

Improved Conventional Munitions (ICM) to Pre-

tenance is required, it will be accomplished as

vent Enemy Use, is the technical reference for

determined by on site QA/QE personnel or higher

emergency destruction of ammunition.

headquarters. Supporting ammunition units

If it is necessary to conduct emergency destruc-

should be prepared to perform as much packaging

tion operations, the ammunition must be ren-

and preservation as possible in order to maintain

dered unserviceable. When possible, emergency

ammunition in a serviceable condition. In most

destruction should be planned and conducted to

cases, ammunition that requires maintenance or

impede enemy troop movements without creat-

repair that is beyond local capabilities is usually

ing hazards to friendly troops.

considered unserviceable and will require evacua-

The first priority for emergency destruction is

tion or retrograde to a depot or local destruction

classified ammunition and its associated docu-

point if it is determined by higher headquarters to

mentation. The second priority is ammunition

be uneconomical to repair.

that the enemy could immediately use against

friendly forces, such as hand grenades, land-

Ammunition reported as unserviceable should be

mines, surface-to-air missiles, or small arms.

conspicuously marked and segregated pending

final disposition. Ammunition that is sentenced to

condition codes that are uneconomically repair-

AMMUNITION MAINTENANCE

able will be stored in a separate, location-pending

disposition. Unrepairable munitions that pose an

To ensure that ammunition is returned to a high

immediate threat may be destroyed prior to the

state of readiness, maintenance must sometimes

receipt of disposition instructions.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

7-6 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

CIIC II includes high explosives and white

PHYSICAL SECURITY

phosphorous hand and rifle grenades, anti-

tank and antipersonnel mines. It also in-

At the conclusion of combat operations the

cludes the shoulder-launched multipurpose

enemy threat changes. Even though the orga-

assault weapon family of rockets.

nized enemy has been defeated, there will remain

asymmetric threats from pockets of resistance,

guerrilla units, or terrorists that want to continue

TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

the fight. Commanders must be mindful and

develop effective physical security plans to pre-

When transporting or storing A/E for retrograde,

vent the capture or destruction of munitions

the precautions and procedures used should

stocks. Follow the general guidance provided by

mirror those established during buildup. Organic

OPNAVINST 5530.14A, Department of the Navy

transportation assets are used to retrograde

Physical Security and Loss Prevention, for physi-

munitions stocks to designated locations. The

cal security of A/E. Commanders must ensure

logistic movement control center (LMCC)

that their unit has developed an effective security

regulates all Marine Corps highway movement

plan based on applicable regulations, command

during the retrograde operation, and it identifies

directives, and the tactical situation. At a mini-

evacuation routes, publishes movement sche-

mum, the plan must include the following:

dules, and designs a transportation circulation

Unit mission.

plan. The MARFOR transportation system will

Current tactical situation.

be severely taxed by the movement of units,

Level of threat expected.

supplies, and equipment; therefore, the LMCC

Available resources.

may need to request additional transportation

Unit vulnerability.

support from HN assets or theater sources. The

respective Service component and theater

The security plan must consider all aspects of

movement control agency will coordinate with

physical security. These include the following:

MARCORSYSCOM PM Ammo and HQMC,

ASL Aviation Logistics Support Branch for in-

Access control.

structions on relocating ammunition to CONUS

Guard force operations.

or other theaters for subsequent operations.

Personnel screening.

The force movement control center is the MAGTF

Document and materiel accountability.

commander’s agency to control and coordinate all

Emergency actions.

deployment support activities. It is also the agency

that coordinates with the transportation com-

Particular care must be given to providing

ponent commands—AMC, MSC, and SDDC—of

security for Category I and II munitions items.

USTRANSCOM. When the MAGTF operates as

See OPNAVINST 5530.13C, Department of the

part of a joint force, the force movement control

Navy Physical Security Instruction for Con-

center coordinates with USTRANSCOM via the

ventional Arms, Ammunition, and Explosives

(AA&E), for guidance to properly secure CIIC I

JFC. The JMC coordinates the requirements for

and II munitions.

all Service components.

Note: CIIC I includes munitions, missiles,

An LCE, or its supporting logistic units, orga-

and rockets in a ready to fire configuration.

nizes LMCCs near deploying units. The force

Examples are complete round munitions,

movement control center tasks the LMCC to pro-

such as the Stinger when assembled with

vide organic or commercial transportation, trans-

gripstock, Javelin, and the AT-4.

portation scheduling, materials handling

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} 7-7

equipment, and other support during marshalling

For smaller scale operations, each MAGTF will

and movement. The MLG/LCE can also estab-

activate a unit movement control center to

lish two additional movement control organiza-

coordinate and control movements and move-

tions subordinate to the LMCC to support

ment support.

deployment: the arrival/departure airfield control

group and the port operations group.

Ammunition Supply Points

The LMCC functions as the agency that is

Ammunition supply points are usually the

responsible for executing the MEF surface move-

primary consolidation hubs for returned or

ment control priorities from unit areas to the

backup ammunition storage containers and

aerial and surface POEs and from the aerial and

surface PODs to the unit tactical assembly areas.

packing materials. Also, materials for building or

The LMCC will continue to control all MEF

repairing pallets, aviation ordnance details, and

requirements for intratheater lift, lift support, and

various ammunition and ordnance storage

movement control based on the MEF com-

containers are consolidated at this location.

mander’s priorities of movement through all

operational phases and the eventual redeployment

Retrograde Turn In

of forces.

Supported units will ideally return munitions

When established, the MLC will facilitate

that are identified for retrograde to the ASP that

movement support for the MEF throughout the

originally provided their ammunition support; in

established communications zone.

reality; however, it is unlikely that this will

Each element of the MEF MAGTF will

occur because of the dynamics of modern

activate a unit movement control center to

warfare and the mobility of the force. Ulti-

manage organic lift requirements and will

mately, supported units will turn in A/E at the

funnel external requirements to the LMCC for

nearest ASP along the supported unit’s route of

sourcing. Each unit movement control center

exit. The ASP will collect, consolidate, and ship

will execute zonal movement control under the

ammunition as directed.

direction of the LMCC.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

CHAPTER 8

CLASS V FOR THE MARINE EXPEDITIONARY UNIT

Class V support for the MEU includes all of the

specific mission, including the supplies carried

logistic tactics, techniques, and procedures that

by individuals. Combat loads will differ based

have been discussed in the previous chapters,

on the assigned mission. However, they should

plus shipboard requirements. The guidance,

not exceed the capabilities of the MEU’s

direction, and information discussed in this chap-

organic transportation.

ter may also be applied to any MAGTF afloat.

Prepositioned Emergency Supplies

The commander uses prepositioned emergency

THE MEU AS PART OF AN

EXPEDITIONARY STRIKE GROUP

supplies for replenishment early in the ship-to-

objective maneuver. These supplies are available

on-call for immediate delivery to the units ashore.

When the MEU (special operations capable) is

embarked in an amphibious ready group and com-

Remaining Supplies

bined with robust strike, antiair, antisurface, and

antisubsurface capabilities of cruisers, destroyers,

The remaining supplies are all the MAGTF sup-

and attack submarines, it constitutes a naval expe-

plies that are not included in the combat load or

ditionary strike group. Centered on the proven

the prepositioned emergency supplies. They con-

flexibility and combat power of a combined

stitute the major portion of the supplies that are

amphibious ready group and MEU, the expe-

transported to the amphibious objective area in

ditionary strike group gives the CCDRs/JFCs a

the assault echelon and the assault follow-on ech-

wider variety of options and enables independent

elon. When the tactical situation permits, the

operations in more dynamic environments.

commander uses some of these supplies to build

stock points ashore. The LCE offloads the bulk of

the remaining supplies during the general offload.

LANDING FORCE SUPPLIES

LANDING FORCE

Collectively, LFORM and MLA assets compose

OPERATIONAL RESERVE MATERIAL

the landing force supplies that are required to sus-

tain the assault echelon and the assault follow-on

echelon of the landing force. They include the

Supporting the MEU, LFORM is war reserve ma-

initial supply support required before the arrival

teriel embarked in naval amphibious shipping and

of resupply in the amphibious objective area for

is considered sufficient to sustain the MEU for a

the MEU. Landing force supplies are generally

short period of limited operations, historically

identified as combat load, prepositioned emer-

planned as 15 days. The combat cargo officer em-

gency supplies, and remaining supplies.

barks the following classes of supply as LFORM:

I—Rations.

Combat Load

III—Petroleum, oils, and lubricants.

A combat load consists of the types and quan-

IV—Field fortifications.

tities of supplies that assault forces carry to a

V(W)—Ammunition.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

8-2 ^{____________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

For Class V(W), it consists of ammunition for all

At the discretion of the numbered fleet com-

table of organization and equipment weapons

mander, additional MLA stocks may be embarked

embarked with the MEU and level-of-effort

in other amphibious task force or accompanying

munitions based on the size of the notional MEU.

CLF shipping, when available. Class V(A)

consists of aviation ordnance for all T/M/S air-

The notional load of Class V for the MEU is gen-

craft embarked with the MEU, both rotary-wing

erally considered to be 15 days based on the guid-

and fixed-wing. The MLA consists primarily of

ance contained in the MCO P4400.39H. Planned

level of effort munitions based on the aircraft

quantities for Class V(W) are contained in the

population and types, aircrew escape systems,

TMR. For Class V(A), the planned quantities are

and cartridge-actuated devices. The planning fac-

identified in the NNOR for the T/M/S of aircraft

tors on which these requirements are based can

that are assigned to the ACE. Actual quantities

be found in the Navy’s prepositioned WRMR for

embarked for the LFORM and the MLA, espe-

the parent MARFOR.

cially ammunition and ordnance items, are often

limited by shipboard storage space, and related

The respective Commander, United States Fleet

safety factors.

Forces Command/United States Pacific Fleet con-

trols allowances. The ship requisitions the MLA

The LFORM Class V(W) is Marine Corps-owned,

from the NOLSC Detachment, Mechanicsburg,

ground ammunition designated to support the

PA and the usual source of supply.

landing force during an actual contingency,

allowances are controlled by the parent MARFOR

Tailoring of the aviation MLA must be coordi-

and requisitioned by the MEF. Tailoring of the

nated with the appropriate numbered fleet com-

types and quantities of Class V(W) LFORM may

mander via the ship’s chain of command. The

be coordinated between the applicable MARFOR

ship’s ammunition administrator is responsible

and amphibious group, as required. The LFORM

for all aspects of the MLA account management.

tailoring must be done prior to the assets being

embarked aboard ships.

GROUND AMMUNITION

With the exception of requisitioning the specific

PERSONNEL AFLOAT

items, the ship is responsible for all other aspects

of the LFORM and its accountability. It is impor-

A military occupational specialty (MOS) 2311

tant to remember that once embarked, the

staff noncommissioned officer typically holds the

LFORM is not under the Marine Corps control

MEU ammunition chief position. The

until released by the numbered fleet commander.

ammunition chief provides Class V(W) related

logistic expertise to the MEU commander,

particularly as it involves issues of safety and

MISSION LOAD ALLOWANCE

compliance with regulatory requirements. This

unique operating environment, from workup

The MLA is Navy-owned war reserve materiel

through deployment, creates a challenge when

embarked on naval amphibious shipping to sup-

managing ammunition assets. The ammunition

port the ACE of the MEU. Historically, the MLA

chief has to be prepared to deal with a wide

15 days of supply is considered sufficient to sus-

variety of situationally-driven ammunition re-

tain the ACE for a short period of limited opera-

sponsibilities in a dynamic environment.

tions. The combat cargo officer embarks Class III

(aviation petroleum, oils, and lubricants) and the

The ammunition chief manages the MEU training

ships weapons department embarks Class V(A)

ammunition allowance and works closely with the

(aviation ordnance) into the MLA.

MEU S-3 and S-4, and MEF G-4 to ensure that

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{__________________________________________________________________________________________} 8-3

the training ammunition requirements are properly

resupply/sustainment and the release of LFORM,

identified and positioned to support the MEU’s

forecasting combat load requirements for each

training objectives. This includes the proper

element of the MEU, and being able to rapidly

forecasting of ammunition training requirements,

determine the requirements for any size force.

requesting generation, and monitoring and

reporting the expenditures of subordinate units.

AVIATION ORDNANCE

The ammunition chief is also the central point of

PERSONNEL AFLOAT

contact within the MEU for all Class V(W) opera-

tions. He provides planning and coordination

The MEU ACE is normally embarked aboard an

between the elements of the MEU and other com-

mands as required to ensure success of operations

aviation-capable ship such as an LHA [amph-

that require Class V(W) support. The ammunition

ibious assault ship (general purpose)] or an LHD

chief also takes the lead on preparing the MEU

[amphibious assault ship (multipurpose)].

SOPs for ammunition operations. The SOPs

Aviation ordnance personnel of MOS 65xx would

should also include knowledge, sources of supply,

be assigned in support of the embarked MALS

and procedures for Class V(W) replenishment.

element for the ACE.

Overarching responsibilities of the MEU ammu-

Marine Corps aircraft squadrons operating from

nition chief include the preparation and embar-

an aircraft carrier would receive support from

kation of Class V(W) in coordination with the

similar entities aboard the carrier. Ordnance per-

ship’s combat cargo officer, QA of ground ammu-

sonnel from the MALS and the aircraft squadrons

nition assets, and preparations for establishing

generally augment the Navy personnel assigned to

operations ashore. This includes, but is not limited

these sections by working collocated in shipboard

to, establishing procedures for requisitioning

spaces to provide the required support.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

APPENDIX A

CLASS V SUPPORT UNDER UNIFIED ACTION

The term “unified action” refers to the broad

Functional Area

scope of activities taking place within unified

Sometimes a joint force based solely on military

commands, subordinate unified commands, or

functions without respect to a specific geographic

joint task forces under the overall direction of the

area is more suitable to fix responsibility for cer-

commanders of those commands. Within this gen-

tain types of continuing operations. The com-

eral category of operations, subordinate com-

mander of a joint force established on a functional

manders of forces conduct either single-Service

basis is assigned a functional responsibility by the

or joint operations to support the overall operation

establishing authority.

to achieve unity of effort in the operational area.

DIRECTIVE AUTHORITY

SUPPORT RELATIONSHIPS

FOR LOGISTIC MATTERS

A support relationship is established between

Commanders of the combatant commands exer-

subordinate commanders by a superior com-

cise the directive authority for logistics and may

mander when one organization should aid, pro-

delegate the directive authority for a common

tect, complement, or sustain another force.

support capability. The exercise of directive

Support may be exercised by commanders at any

authority for logistics by a CCDR includes the

echelon at or below the level of combatant com-

authority to issue directives to subordinate com-

mand. Several categories of support have been

manders, including peacetime measures that are

defined for use within a combatant command as

necessary to ensure the following:

appropriate to better characterize the support that

should be given. Support relationships may be

Effective execution of approved operation

plans.

categorized as general, mutual, direct, and close.

(Additional information on these relationships

Effectiveness and economy of operation.

may be found in Joint Publication 1, Doctrine for

Prevention or elimination of unnecessary dupli-

the Armed Forces of the United States.)

cation of facilities and overlapping of functions

among the Service component commands.

Geographic Area

A CCDR’s directive authority does not dis-

Establishing a joint force based on a geographic

continue Service responsibility for logistic

area is the most commonly used method to assign

support, discourage coordination by consultation

responsibility for continuing operations. A JFC

and agreement, or disrupt effective procedures or

assigned a geographic area is considered an area

efficient use of facilities or organizations. Unless

commander. Only commanders of geographic

otherwise directed by the Secretary of Defense,

combatant commands are assigned areas of

the Military Departments and Services continue to

responsibility. Subordinate JFCs are normally

have responsibility for the logistic support of their

assigned other operational areas.

forces assigned or attached to joint commands.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

A-2

MCWP 4-11.9

Unity of effort and unity of command demand

support that may exceed the capability of the

that a single command authority be vested with

MLG or LCE.

the responsibility and the authority for common

There is a significant difference between Army

logistic support to Army and Marine Corps inte-

and Marine Corps combat ammunition logistic

grated joint operations. The purpose is to improve

support doctrine. While the Marine Corps pro-

efficiency and effectiveness and to prevent

vides logistic support through a variety of gener-

unnecessary duplication of logistic efforts among

alized vehicles, the Army has developed a

the Service components.

specialized logistic system specifically designed

for ammunition movement. The palletized load-

ing system consists of a transport vehicle that is

DELEGATION OF

designed to carry the containerized roll-on/off

DIRECTIVE AUTHORITY

platform. The palletized loading system is the

centerpiece of a transportation-intensive, continu-

The geographic CCDR may not delegate direc-

ous throughput system resulting in limited for-

tive authority for logistics. However, through his

ward stocking of Army Class V. Marine Corps

combatant command (command authority), the

logistic doctrine places considerably more empha-

CCDR may delegate directive authority for a

sis on stocks uploaded on organic vehicles in the

common support capability within the joint opera-

combat force and less emphasis on a structured

tions area to the JFC, Service component, or DOD

distribution system.

agency. This delegation of authority is usually

Additionally, the Army prepositioned stocks uti-

directed to the dominant user of a particular logis-

lizes the configured load concept for building sup-

tic commodity or service. In some cases, however,

ported unit loads such as infantry/weapons

the dominant user may not be the most capable

company loads/packages with multiple DODICs

Service or agency; therefore, the CCDR must be

loaded on a single containerized roll-on/off plat-

very deliberate in determining which Service or

form. Typically, the Marine Corps administra-

agency, if any, will be required to provide com-

tively loads prepositioned assets on MPS for

mon user logistic support within a joint force.

economy of space and inventory control. Thus,

the configuration of stocks arriving in the area of

operations determines the requirements for han-

COMMON USER CLASS V

dling and transloading stocks, especially where

LOGISTIC SUPPORT TO THE

cross-Service support is involved.

MARINE EXPEDITIONARY BRIGADE

Shipment from the storage area to forward ASPs

With the exception of Class V(A), and other sup-

may be effected by Army palletized loading sys-

plies and maintenance requirements peculiar to

tem vehicles carrying combat-configured Class

Marine Corps equipment, the Army typically

V loads or by conventional cargo transporters

deploys the capacity to provide common logistic

and trucks.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

APPENDIX B

SAFETY, TRAINING, AND

ENVIRONMENTAL/REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

The Marine Corps Ammunition and Explosives

management focuses on minimizing risk to

Safety Program (see MCO P8020.10B, Marine

personnel, facilities, and equipment throughout

Corps Ammunition and Explosives Safety Policy)

all phases of the ordnance item’s life cycle.

based on the policy established in OPNAVINST

8020.14, Department of the Navy Explosives

Safety Policy Manual, was established to ensure

REGULATORY ACTIVITIES

policies and procedures are in place to prevent

the premature, unintentional, or unauthorized

Specific individuals are assigned to explosives

initiation of explosives and devices that contain

safety management positions at all DOD, Navy,

explosives. The program is also concerned with

and Marine Corps echelon levels. However,

minimizing the harmful effects of such ex-

everyone working with or around ordnance is

plosions to people and property.

responsible for explosives safety management and

for identifying and minimizing risk. The organi-

Navy and Marine Corps conventional ordnance/

zational relationship of the commands involved

ammunition is designed with a high degree of

in explosives safety management is shown in

safety and reliability. Many items are designed

figure B-1.

with “fail-safe” or redundant safety features and

backup functioning systems. However, in spite of

Department of Defense

designed safety features and extensive testing

Explosives Safety Board

prior to approval for full production, con-

The 70th Congress established the Department of

ventional ordnance is always inherently dan-

Defense Explosives Safety Board (DDESB), for-

gerous and capable of major malfunctions under

merly called the Armed Forces Explosives Safety

certain conditions.

Board, in 1928 after a major disaster occurred at

The Marine Corps Ammunition and Explosives

the Naval Ammunition Depot, Lake Denmark, NJ

Safety Program applies to all personnel—civilian

in 1926. The accident virtually destroyed the

depot, causing heavy damage to adjacent Pica-

and military—that are assigned to any part of the

tinny Arsenal and the surrounding communities,

DON and Marine Corps where conventional ord-

killing 21 people and seriously injuring 51 others.

nance and explosives are or may be present. The

The monetary loss to the Navy alone was $46 mil-

Marine Corps Ammunition and Explosives

lion. As a result of a full-scale congressional

Safety Program sets forth standard safety regu-

investigation, Congress formed the DDESB to

lations for the research, design, development,

establish DOD-wide explosives safety standards

production, maintenance, care, handling, storage,

that are designed to prevent or correct hazardous

preparation for shipment, use, and disposal of

conditions associated with A/E manufacturing,

conventional ordnance items. The safety regu-

testing, handling, reworking, transporting, stor-

lations are intended to control the potential blast,

ing, and disposition throughout DOD.

fire, lightning, hazards of electromagnetic

radiation, and propagation associated with

The DDESB’s mission is to provide objective

explosives-handling operations. Explosives safety

advice to the Secretary of Defense and Service

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

B-2

MCWP 4-11.9

Organization and Management of the DON

Conventional Ordnance Explosives Safety Program

DDESB

DODD 6055.09

SECNAVINST 5100.10

SECNAV

SECNAVINST 5100.10

Implement and administer the Navy

Implement and administer Marine

safety program. Coordinate with

Corps safety program. Coordinate

CMC on matters that affect the

with CNO on matters that affect

Marine Corps.

the Navy.

OPNAVINST 5100.8

Responsible for the Navy Explosives

CNO

CMC

Safety Program, which includes

MCO 5100.29

nuclear and conventional weapons.

Assigned overall responsibility

for safety.

MCO 5100.29

OPNAVINST 8020.14

Assigned those elements

Assigned as technical

NAVSEASYSCOM

MARCORSYSCOM

of the safety program that

authority for explosive safety.

involve arms, ammunition

NAVSEAINST 8020.6

and explosives.

Assigns membership in WSESRB.

NOSSA

MARCORSYSCOM

MCO 8020.10

PM AMMO

Assigned responsibility for

explosives safety

HERO

hazards of electromagnetic radiation to ordnance

NAVSEASYSCOM

Naval sea systems command

NOSSA

Naval ordnance safety and security activity

safety division

WSESRB

Weapon system explosive safety review board

Figure B-1. Explosives Safety Organization.

Secretaries on matters concerning explosives

delineated in DOD Directive 6055.9E, Explo-

safety and to prevent hazardous conditions to life

sives Safety Management and the DOD Explo-

and property on and off DOD installations from

sives Safety Board.

the explosive and environmental effects of DOD-

titled munitions. The DDESB provides storage

Naval Ordnance Safety and Security Activity

site approval for all DOD facilities.

The Naval Ordnance Safety and Security Activity,

The jurisdiction of the DDESB extends to facili-

which is delegated by the CNO and the

ties where explosives are manufactured, tested,

NAVSEASYSCOM, provides explosives safety

handled, reworked, transported, stored, or dis-

support by conducting the Weapon System

posed of by the Military Services within the

Explosive Safety Review Board, the Ammunition

and Hazardous Materials Handling Review Board,

United States, its territories, and its possessions

and explosives safety inspections. In addition,

within areas where the US has long-term rights,

technical assistance is provided on explosives

or as specifically designated by the Secretaries of

safety matters to all DON components.

the Services. Specific DDESB responsibilities are

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} B-3

Environmental and Explosive

and applicable federal, state, and local regula-

Safety Team (Class V[W] Specific)

tions. The OP 5 Volume 1 establishes the pre-

scribed standardized safety regulations for the

Delegated by HQMC Safety Division and embed-

production, renovation, care, handling, storage,

ded within the PM Ammo, the environmental and

preparation for shipment, and disposal of ammu-

explosives safety team provides environmentally

nition, explosives, and other hazardous materials.

compliant, explosives safety support throughout

These regulations and instructions are considered

the life cycle of the ammunition. This includes

basic guidelines that may require further research

representing the Marine Corps as a voting mem-

for additional detailed information.

ber on the DDESB; DOD-level groups, boards,

and committees; or other organizations that

Explosives Safety

address explosives safety. Specific duties of the

Quantity Distance Standards

environmental and explosives safety team are the

development of ammunition management poli-

Ordnance handling must be conducted at site-ap-

cies in support of the MARFOR ensuring the

proved piers, airfield handling pads, or rail/truck

compliance of Service environmental and explo-

transfer points. Any location where DOD ammu-

nition is loaded/offloaded to a transportation

sives regulations and providing compliant muni-

tions disposition directives.

mode or transferred between conveyances cre-

ates ESQD arcs. The ESQD arcs are defined as

the areas around the ordnance activities (produc-

tion, maintenance, handling, transporting, stor-

SAFETY IN GARRISON OPERATIONS

ing) that provide the inhabitants of nearby com-

munities, the personnel of Navy and Marine

The Secretary of Defense has established basic

Corps stations and shore activities, and adjacent

explosives safety policies in DOD 6055.9-STD,

public and private property reasonable safety from

DOD Ammunition and Explosives Safety Stan-

serious injury or destruction. The ESQD arcs min-

dards, to be observed by DOD components in the

imize the loss of valuable ammunition stores, in-

performance of operations involving A/E. The

cluding inert ordnance items, from fires or ex-

DON follows these regulations and implements

plosions. Specific criteria for the ESQD arcs can

them for the Navy and Marine Corps to the maxi-

be found in NAVSEA OP 5, Volume 1, chapter 7.

mum practicable extent.

Ammunition and Explosives Handling

EXPLOSIVES SAFETY ASHORE IN CONUS

Criteria for ship handling of explosives at a pier,

airfield handling pad, or rail/truck transfer point is

The safe handling, storage, production, mainte-

provided in OPNAVINST 8020.14. See NAVSEA

nance, use, research and development, and dis-

OP 5, Volume 1, for all transportation modes.

posal of the conventional ordnance items at the

In general, A/E handling criteria are different for

DON and the Marine Corps shore activities in

each type of handling operation and should be

CONUS, regardless of ordnance and explosives

reviewed carefully to ensure that the greatest

ownership, is under the cognizance of the Naval

attainable observance of safety requirements is

Ordnance Safety and Security Activity. These

consistent with operational needs. Where it is

processes shall conform to the regulations stated

absolutely necessary to assume greater risk, this

in NAVSEA OP 5, Volume 1, as well as the

risk must be identified to the chain of command

safety standards promulgated by the DON/CMC

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

B-4

MCWP 4-11.9

in order to support the informed decisions. There

Transportation Security

is a process that has been established in

Ordnance is most vulnerable while in-transit.

OPNAVINST 8020.14 for requesting a waiver or

Risk factors are determined for each item and the

exemption from the provisions of these docu-

appropriate CIIC is assigned. The CIIC deter-

ments for limited periods of time and under

mines the degree of physical security in storage

extraordinary circumstances.

and the transportation protective service that an

item receives while in transit. Based on the

evaluation, items may be shipped utilizing addi-

EXPLOSIVES SAFETY

tional protective services, but not less than the

TRANSPORTATION POLICY

minimal requirements. Transportation security

standards and procedures that are used in

Safety regulations and requirements for shore

safeguarding categorized and classified ordnance

station operations involving inspection, loading,

are found in DODD 5100.76-M, Physical Secu-

offloading, and on-station transportation of

rity of Sensitive Conventional Arms, Ammunition,

conventional ordnance and explosives are found

and Explosives.

in NAVSEA OP 5, Volume 1. Safety re-

quirements for off-station ordnance transportation

Storage Compatibility

are found in the Naval Sea Systems Manual

(NAVSEA Manual) SW020-AC-SAF-010,

Ordnance that is stored in magazines ashore can

Transportation and Storage Data for Ammunition,

only be stored together in the same magazine if

Explosives and Related Hazardous Materials,

authorized by the storage compatibility chart con-

and the following references:

tained in NAVSEA Manual SW020-AC-SAF-010.

Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations.

Waivers and Exemptions

DTR 4500.9-R.

Naval Sea Systems Command Instruction

There may be situations involving contingency,

8020.18, Transportation Accident Prevention

readiness, and/or operational requirements in

and Emergency Response Involving Conven-

which a command cannot meet the explosives

tional DOD Munitions and Explosives.

safety criteria. OPNAVINST 8020.14 establishes

NAVSEA Manual SW020-AG-SAF-010.

the policy for requesting explosives safety waiv-

ers and exemptions. A waiver is written authority

that is given to deviate from the mandatory

Transportation Compatibility

explosives safety requirements for the purpose of

Compatibility requirements for explosive materi-

temporary satisfaction of recurring readiness or

als that are loaded on and transported by motor

operational requirements. The waiver is gener-

vehicle over public highway or by railcar are con-

ally issued for two years pending the completion

tained in Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations,

of corrective measures. An exemption is the

and Naval Sea Systems Manual (NAVSEA Man-

authority in writing to deviate from mandatory

ual) SW020-AC-SAF-010.

explosives safety requirements for the purpose of

long-term satisfaction of recurring readiness or

Compatibility requirements for explosives being

operational requirements. The exemption is usu-

prepared for air shipment are contained in the

ally issued for a maximum of 5 years. Although

MCO P4030.19H, Preparing Hazardous Materi-

the use of these processes is authorized, the risks

als for Military Air Shipments.

involved and operational necessity should be

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} B-5

carefully balanced prior to requesting any devia-

Explosives Safety Quantity Distance

tion from the standard safety criteria. Procedures

Arcs on Ships’ Stowage Compatibility

and criteria for requesting waivers and exemptions

Ships carrying ammunition for use in their own

are delineated in NAVSEA OP 5, Volume 1.

weapons system or weapons carried on-board for

Exemptions from mandatory safety requirements

embarked aircraft or for special warfare, explo-

must be submitted to the CNO via the appropriate

sives ordnance disposal, or Marine Corps usage

chain of command.

create ESQD arcs only during handling evolu-

Note: Approval authority for event waivers,

tions. The arcs are based on the amount of ammu-

nition that is handled. Cargo ammunition ships

however, has been delegated to the CG,

such as an ammunition ship or a fast combat sup-

MARCORSYSCOM for Class V(W).

port ship carrying bulk ammunition for transship-

ment generate ESQD arcs when berthed or

anchored. These arcs are based on the total NEW

EXPLOSIVES SAFETY AFLOAT

of ammunition on board, as well as the NEW of

ordnance being loaded/offloaded. See

The basic DOD explosives safety requirements

OPNAVINST 8020.14 and NAVSEA OP 4 for

for conventional ordnance applicable to Navy

specific criteria for shipboard operations.

ships are found in NAVSEA OP 4. The detailed

specifications for construction of Navy ships and

the individual ship’s blueprints designate the only

EXPLOSIVES SAFETY OCONUS

authorized ordnance and explosives spaces or

magazines for each ship type and class. Explo-

The explosives safety requirements for desig-

sives safety standards for combatant ships and

nated overseas ordnance activities are found in

tenders at US naval shore activities are contained

OPNAVINST 8020.14 and NAVSEA OP 5, Vol-

in OPNAVINST 8020.14, NAVSEA OP 4, and

umes 1 or 3, as appropriate. In addition, overseas

NAVSEA OP 5, Volume 1. The commanding

activities may be required to comply with HN

regulations that may be more restrictive.

officer of a commissioned Navy ship or other

craft that is at anchor, or at a pier or a wharf that

Safety in Deployed Operations

forms part of a naval shore activity, must comply

with all ship and station explosives safety regula-

The objective of explosives safety is to safeguard

tions. Precommissioning units must conform to

personnel, assets, public welfare, and the environ-

explosives safety criteria in effect in the shipyard

ment while maintaining optimum levels of mis-

or other naval installation.

sion capability. The MARFOR safety office

should be consulted in theater tactical explosives

Stowage Compatibility

safety planning and contingency support. The

DOD 6055.9-STD will be used as the overarch-

For DON vessels, ordnance can only be stowed

ing policy document and NAVSEA OP 5, Vol-

together in the same magazine if the appropriate

ume 3, will provide amplifying guidance for

stowage compatibility chart contained in

tactical operations. Concerns of explosives safety

NAVSEA OP 4 authorizes it. Stowage compati-

in the tactical environment include, but are not

bility of military ordnance aboard commercial

limited to the following:

vessels shall be as described in Title 49, Code of

Storage site approvals.

Federal Regulations, sec. 176.83 (c) and (f).

Pier operations.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

B-6

MCWP 4-11.9

Airfield operations.

exposed to the least threat. The key areas of vul-

Convoy routes.

nerability to Class V are:

Disposal.

Convoy Security. Considerations include route

Retrograde.

selection, sufficient motor transport assets,

Exemptions and waivers.

communications, security personnel, and suffi-

HN coordination.

cient arming of escort personnel and vehicles.

Explosives safety inspection/evaluation coordi-

FASP Security. FASP security force personnel

nation.

requirements should be identified during the

Amnesty program.

planning phases of deployment to ensure ade-

quate personnel are trained and assets are

Safety cannot be overlooked during deployed

sourced for force protection.

operations. Accidents can kill and injure person-

nel, possibly destroy essential supplies, damage

valuable equipment, and reduce the speed and

PERSONNEL TRAINING

efficiency of the overall operation. Most acci-

dents are avoidable provided the proper safety

Class V materiel, by its nature, is hazardous and

precautions are used.

indiscriminate. Safety and training are of para-

mount importance to ammunition and aviation

Handling and Storage Compatibility

ordnance personnel. Complacency, carelessness,

Requirements During Contingencies

or deliberate actions can all set the stage for cata-

strophic accidents that result in loss of life, or sig-

The NAVSEA OP 5, Volume 3, addresses unique

nificant damage to property and equipment.

requirements for handling and storing ordnance

However, training, no matter how intense, is per-

during contingency operations. These require-

ishable. The skills acquired in initial training, and

ments are intended to provide the safest environ-

during advanced training later in a Marine’s

ment possible and are presented in a manner that

career, must be sustained through validation, ver-

provides commanders with evaluations of pre-

ification, and certification.

dicted damages in order to make knowledgeable

decisions. If permanent sites are established, site

Initial Training

approvals must be requested. Deviations from cri-

teria will require waivers; however, the area com-

Initial training of ammunition and aviation ord-

mander may issue them during combat.

nance personnel occurs in multiple locations.

Ground Ammunition Personnel

FORCE PROTECTION

Enlisted ground ammunition personnel, MOS

2311, receive their initial training currently at

Class V is a critical combat capability and as such

Army’s Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, AL but

is a highly susceptible target of opportunity. The

will transition to Fort Lee, VA in 2011. Marine

MARFOR, MEF, and theater logistics unit must

students spend part of their training time ac-

coordinate security with the appropriate support-

quiring basic skills alongside their Army counter-

ing units. Operational risk management proce-

parts. The latter portion of the course is devoted to

dures will be used in evaluating the protective

Marine-specific training presented by the Marine

measures that are necessary to ensure Class V is

Corps element assigned to the Army school.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} B-7

Staff sergeants and above, staff sergeant select

Marine Corps Air Station, Camp Pendleton, CA;

with approval from the school house, and newly-

Naval Air Station, Lemoore, CA; Naval Air

appointed ammunition warrant officers (MOS

Station Whidbey Island, WA; Naval Air Station

2340) will attend the Ammunition Manager’s

Oceana, VA; or Eglin Air Force Base, FL.

Course for follow on MOS training.

Personnel assigned the MOS of 6541 are trained

to perform those duties and functions associated

Aviation Ordnance Personnel

with I-Level [intermediate level] maintenance in

support of all T/M/S platforms. Follow-on

Enlisted aviation ordnance personnel receive their

training for MOS 6541 is conducted at the Center

basic indoctrination (Aviation Ordnanceman [“A”

for Naval Aviation Technical Training, Marine

School]) at Naval Air Station, Pensacola, FL.

Marines are trained side-by-side with their Navy

Corps Air Station Cherry Point, NC. At the rank

counterparts. After initial training, aviation ord-

of gunnery sergeant (E-7), all MOS 6531s and

nance personnel are assigned a primary MOS of

6541s become 6591s (aviation ordnance chiefs).

6531 or 6541.

The MOSs 6591 and 6502 (aviation ordnance

officers) receive additional career progression

Follow-on and Sustainment Training

training by attending the Aviation Ordnance

Officer’s Career Progression Course Levels I, II,

Training after initial qualification is essential for

and III at Pensacola, FL. The Aviation Ordnance

maintaining perishable skills for handling, storing,

Officer’s Career Progression Course training track

transporting, disposing, and accounting for ammu-

begins immediately following warrant officer

nition, explosives, and other dangerous articles.

accession training and culminates in specialized

training in preparation for increased levels of

Ground Ammunition Personnel

responsibility and authority associated with

Junior noncommissioned officers receive early

aviation ordnance management.

and mid-career development training through the

Noncommissioned Officer Course, presented in a

Training and Readiness Manuals

mobile training team environment by the Marine

Corps element based at Redstone Arsenal. Senior

Training and readiness manuals are designed to

noncommissioned officer and staff noncommis-

serve as a single reference for occupational field,

sioned officer (MOS 2311) attend the Manager’s

collective, and individual training requirements.

Course for career development training, also

Replacing individual training standards, these

located at Redstone Arsenal. The Marine Corps

publications not only give commanders a stan-

element at Fort Lee, VA will conduct this training

dardized way to plan for and train Marines, but

starting in FY11.

evaluate them as well. Based on the notion we

fight as we train, these standardized training out-

Aviation Ordnance Personnel

lines cover every facet of the ammunition field.

Personnel assigned the MOS of 6531 are trained

For MOSs 2311 (ground ammunition technician)

to perform those duties and functions associated

and 2340 (ground ammunition officer), these

with O-level [organizational level] maintenance

training and readiness standards facilitate a con-

for specific T/M/S platforms. Depending on the

tinuum of training from entry level to senior lev-

T/M/S assigned, MOS 6531s will receive

els. By focusing in operational terms, training and

additional training at the Center for Naval

readiness manuals provide commanders with a

Aviation Technical Training schools located at

baseline to measure the capabilities and combat

Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, NC;

readiness of individuals and units.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

B-8

MCWP 4-11.9

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

QUALIFICATION/CERTIFICATION

PROGRAM

In 1976, the Resource Conservation and Recovery

Act (RCRA) was passed into law and has been

amended several times since then. However, in

The Marine Corps’ Personnel Qualification and

order to clarify the Federal Government’s

Certification Program for Class V Ammunition

obligations to comply with its own laws, several

and Explosives were established as a safeguard

other actions were taken. One of these actions

against the catastrophic consequences associated

was to pass the Federal Facilities Compliance Act

with explosives mishaps. See table B-1.

in 1992 that requires Federal Government

agencies to comply with federal standards. Part of

The requirements of this program are described in

the outfall from the Federal Facilities Compliance

MCO 8023.3A, Personnel Qualification and Cer-

Act was a requirement to bring the Military

tification Program for Class V Ammunition and

Departments and their activities under the RCRA

Explosives. Such mishaps are infrequent, but not

rules. Accordingly, in 1994, the EPA issued its

unknown. They can result from improper han-

first proposed rulemaking that would apply to

dling, loading, processing, and testing of ord-

military munitions. Following more than 2 years

nance items/explosives devices. The increased

of public comment, and extensive DOD negotia-

complexity of modern weapons systems and

tions with state and EPA regulators, the EPA

weapons can be a factor, but a large number of

issued the final Munitions Rule (MR) in 1997.

accidents and incidents involving A/E are not due

to the complexity of equipment, but rather,

Munitions Rule

directly result from:

The preliminary MR (62nd Federal Register,

High tempo operations combined with haste

6621, February 12, 1997) identifies when and

and inattentiveness.

how conventional and chemical military muni-

Inexperience, mental attitude, and compla-

tions become hazardous waste under federal law.

The final MR became effective on August 12,

cency of assigned personnel.

1997. The MR impacts the DOD, the US Coast

Lack of knowledge or failure to follow perti-

Guard, other Federal agencies such as the Depart-

nent technical manuals, checklists, loading

ment of Energy, and government contractors who

manuals, SOPs, and safety directives.

produce or use military munitions for DOD.

Assumption of unnecessary risk.

Some parts of the rule, however, apply to both

Disregard of common safety practices.

military and nonmilitary activities such as emer-

gency response operations, storage standards, and

limited exemptions from certain transportation

REGULATORY/ENVIRONMENTAL

requirements. The rule addresses the funda-

REQUIREMENTS

mental question of when unused military muni-

tions become a waste and thereby subject to the

requirements of RCRA. In short, the rule states

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is

that unused munitions become a waste when the

charged with enforcement of the nation’s laws

following occurs:

regarding environmental issues, especially those

that deal with waste products and industrial by-

The munitions are abandoned.

products. The EPA also provides assistance to

The munitions are removed from storage to be

State environmental management offices in

disposed of, burned, or incinerated before

management of their programs, where requested.

disposal.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{___________________________________________________________________________________________} B-9

Table B-1. Ammunition and Explosives Qualification/Certification Process.

Activity

A/E Qualification/Certification Requirements

Storage/Stowage

Receipt

Storage

Segregation

Packaging/unpackaging

Preparation for shipment

Inspection/sentencing

Issue functions

Field returns

Inventory accuracy

Handling

Breakout, lifting, and repositioning in order to facilitate storage or stowage, assembly and dis-

assembly, loading and downloading, or transportation.

Assembly/Disassembly of

Buildup/breakdown of ordnance items/explosives; e.g.,

Ordnance/Explosives

MK-82 bomb (attaching fins, installing electrical fuses, adapter boosters)

ML-76/BDU-45/48 practice bombs (installing signal cartridges)

SUU-25 (loading paraflares in dispensers)

Loading/Downloading

Comply with aircraft loading manual/checklists

Tubeloading

Loading of rockets into rocket launchers suspended from aircraft in accordance with approved

directives.

Arming/Dearming

Placing ordnance item/explosive devices (such as rocket launchers, guided missiles, guns,

and paraflares) in a ready or safe condition in accordance with approved directives

Installation/Removal

Installation/removal of cartridges/cartridge-actuated devices associated with—

Aircraft bomb racks/pylons

Egress systems

Electronic attack dispensers

Engine fire extinguisher system cartridges

Aircrew survival distress signals

Canopy removal devices, and explosive bolts

Aircraft Release and Control

Comply with applicable aircraft loading manual/checklists

Gun-Jam Clearing

Comply with applicable gun-jam clearing regulations (not applicable to operators of crew-

served guns)

Transportation

Involves the movement and positioning of ordnance/explosive devices that not appropriately

packaged per Department of Transportation requirements; e.g., unit issues and assembled

aircraft rockets/bombs loaded on weapons skids and trailers.

Note: Personnel positioning or loading/offloading aircraft within the flight line or combat air-

craft loading area using weapons loaders are licensed under the Naval Aviation Maintenance

Program. Separate certifications in this category are not required.

Pneumatic Nailers

Comply with applicable training for pre-fabricated dunnage construction and installation of

dunnage for A/E

Pier/Wharf Operations

Containerization operations (stuffing/unstuffing and loading/offloading) LFORM and MLA load-

ing/offloading.

Break bulk commercial ship loading/offloading

Safing

Perform maintenance on safe aircraft ejection seats (advanced logistic support site personnel

only) or safe aircraft bomb racks, such as rotation of the locking lever on bomb racks from the

armed or unlocked position, only on those aircraft bomb racks suspending external fuel tanks.

Note: Safing does not include the installation and removal of aircraft weapons systems, as

qualified/certified aviation ordnance personnel only shall perform these procedures.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

B-10 ^{__________________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

The munitions are deteriorated or damaged

created within DOD to ensure excess, obsolete,

beyond repair, recycling, or reuse.

and unserviceable munitions that could poten-

The munitions are declared a waste by an

tially become hazardous waste are provided visi-

authorized military official.

bility and opportunity to be used beneficially

consistent with RCRA and Service standards. The

DOD Response

DDA is the only person within each Service

authorized to designate unused munitions (other

As a result of the DOD’s effective management

than those that automatically become waste per

practices for the storage, transportation, and emer-

the MR) as hazardous waste.

gency response, the EPA incorporated several

existing DOD practices into the MR. The DDESB

Marine Corps Responsibilities

amended the DOD 6055.9-STD in January 1998,

to reflect several of the changes that are found in

In consideration of the severe financial penalties

the MR. Also in response to the EPA’s promul-

or other administrative sanctions that can be im-

gation of the MR amendments to RCRA, the Mil-

posed under MR by the states or the EPA, the

itary Services developed and promulgated

Marine Corps DDA is the exclusive authority for

DOD’s policy to implement the EPA’s MR,

determining when to designate Marine Corps

effective July 1, 1998.

Class V(W) munitions as waste. Designated

disposition authority is assigned under the PM

The DOD Munitions Rule Implementation

Ammo, MARCORSYSCOM. The current edition

Policy and the Designated Disposition Authority

of MCO P8020.10B discusses the MR in extended

This policy commonly referred to as the DOD

detail and should be referenced for answers to

Munitions Rule Implementation Policy, estab-

specific questions.

lished the Military Services’ policy for the imple-

mentation and management of MR. Chapter 8 of

For additional information on Marine Corps envi-

the DOD Munitions Rule Implementation Policy

ronmental policy and responsibilities for compli-

created the DDA as well as the process Services

ance with both statutory/regulatory requirements

are to use to request disposition instructions for

and the management of Marine Corps programs,

excess, obsolete, unusable, unserviceable, and

see MCO P5090.2A, Environmental Compliance

waste Military munitions. The DDA concept was

and Protection Manual.

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

GLOSSARY

SECTION I - ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ACE

aviation combat element

G-4

Marine Corps

A/E

ammunition/explosives

component logistics staff officer

AGS

aviation ground support

GCCS

Global Command

AMC

Air Mobility Command

and Control System

ASP

ammunition supply point

GCSS-J

Global Combat

Support System-Joint

CCDR

combatant commander

commanding general

host nation

CIIC

Controlled Item Inventory Code

HQMC

Headquarters, Marine Corps

CIS

common item support

CJCSM

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs

ICP

inventory control point

of Staff manual

ISO

International

combat load

Organization for Standardization

CLF

combat logistics force

CMC

Commandant of the Marine Corps

J-4

logistics directorate of a joint staff

CNO

Chief of Naval Operations

JFC

joint force commander

CONUS

continental United States

JFRG II

Joint Force

CPF

combat planning factor

Requirements Generator II

CRC

crisis response cell

JMC

Joint Munitions Command

CSA

corps storage area

JMTCA

joint munitions

transportation coordinating activity

deputy commandant

JOPES

Joint Operation

DDA

designated disposition authority

Planning and Execution System

DDESB

Department of

Defense Explosives Safety Board

LCE

logistics combat element

DOA

day(s) of ammunition

LFORM

landing force

DOD

Department of Defense

operational reserve material

DODD

Department of Defense directive

LMCC

logistic movement control center

DODI

Department of Defense instruction

LOGAIS

logistics automated

DODIC

Department of

information system

Defense identification code

DON

Department of the Navy

MAGTF

Marine air-ground task force

MALS

Marine aviation logistics squadron

EPA

Environmental Protection Agency

MARCORSYSCOM

Marine Corps

ESQD

explosive safety quantity distance

Systems Command

MARFOR

Marine Corps forces

FARP

forward arming

MCCDC

Marine Corps Combat

and refueling point

Development Command

FASP

field ammunition supply point

MCO

Marine Corps order

foot/feet

MCPP

Marine Corps Planning Process

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Glossary-2 ^{___________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

MCWP

Marine Corps

PM Ammo

Program

warfighting publication

Manager for Ammunition

MEB

Marine expeditionary brigade

POD

port of debarkation

MEF

Marine expeditionary force

POE

port of embarkation

MEU

Marine expeditionary unit

MLA

mission load allowance

quality assurance

MLC

Marine logistics command

quality evaluation

MLG

Marine logistics group

millimeter

redeployment,

MOS

military occupational specialty

reconstitution, and regeneration

MPF

maritime prepositioning force

RCRA

Resource

MPS

maritime prepositioning ships

Conservation and Recovery Act

Munitions Rule

RFID

radio frequency identification

MROC

Marine Requirements

RRF

Ready Reserve Force

Oversight Council

RSOI

reception, staging, onward

MRP

munitions requirements process

movement, and integration

MSC

Military Sealift Command

MUREP

munitions report

S-3

operations staff officer

MWSS

Marine wing support squadron

S-4

logistics staff officer

SDDC

Military Surface Deployment

NAVELSF

Naval Expeditionary

and Distribution Command

Logistics Support Force

NAVSEASYSCOM

Naval Sea

SMCA

single manager for

Systems Command

conventional ammunition

NAVSEA OP

Naval Sea Systems

SOP

standing operating procedure

Command ordnance publication

NAVSUP

Naval Supply Systems

TECOM

Training and

Command (publication)

Education Command

NAVSUPSYSCOM

Naval Supply Systems

TMR

total munitions requirement

Command (organization)

T/M/S

type, model, and/or series

NCHB

Navy cargo-handling battalion

TPFDD

time-phased force

NEW

net explosive weight

and deployment data

NNOR

nonnuclear ordnance requirement

TSA

theater storage area

NOLSC

Naval Operational

TTR

training and testing requirement

Logistics Support Center

NOLSC AMMO . . . Naval Operational Logistics

UNP

universal need process

Support Center Ammunition

UNS

universal need statement

United States

OCONUS

outside the

USTRANSCOM

United States

continental United States

Transportation Command

OIS

Ordnance Information System

OPNAVINST

Office of the Chief of

WRMR

war reserve materiel requirement

Naval Operations instruction

WRMSF

war reserve

PEO

program executive office

materiel stocks force-held

PEO Ammo

Program Executive Office,

WRMSI

war reserve materiel stocks in-stores

Ammunition (Army)

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{_________________________________________________________________________________} Glossary-3

SECTION II. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

ammunition—See munition.

Class v—Ammunition of all types, which

includes, but is not limited to, chemical, radiologi-

ammunition supply point—An area designated

cal, special weapons, bombs, explosives, mines,

to receive, store, reconfigure, and issue Class V

detonators, pyrotechnics, missiles, rockets, propel-

material. Also called ASP. (MCRP 5-12C)

lants, and fuzes. (Proposed for inclusion in the

next edition of MCRP 5-12C.)

aviation combat element—The core element of

a Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) that is

combatant commander—A commander of one

task-organized to conduct aviation operations.

of the unified or specified combatant commands

The aviation combat element (ACE) provides all

established by the President. Also called CCDR.

or a portion of the six functions of Marine avia-

(JP 1-02)

tion necessary to accomplish the MAGTF’s

combat load—The minimum mission-essential

mission. These functions are antiair warfare,

offensive air support, assault support, electronic

equipment, as determined by the commander

responsible for carrying out the mission, required

warfare, air reconnaissance, and control of aircraft

for soldiers to fight and survive immediate

and missiles. The ACE is usually composed of an

combat operations. (Proposed for inclusion in the

aviation unit headquarters and various other avia-

next edition of MCRP 5-12C)

tion units or their detachments. It can vary in size

from a small aviation detachment of specifically

combat logistics force—A force that includes

required aircraft to one or more Marine aircraft

both active Navy ships and those operated by the

wings. In a joint or multinational environment,

Military Sealift Command within the naval fleet

the ACE may contain other Service or multina-

auxiliary force that carry a broad range of stores,

tional forces assigned or attached to the MAGTF.

including fuel, food, repair parts, ammunition,

The ACE itself is not a formal command. Also

and other essential materiel to keep naval forces

called ACE. (MCRP 5-12C)

operating at sea for extended periods. (Proposed

for inclusion in the next edition of MCRP 5-12C.)

civil reserve air fleet—A program in which the

Department of Defense contracts for the services

combat planning factor—Factor to be used

of specific aircraft, owned by a US entity or

during initial planning for combat operations that

citizen, during national emergencies and defense-

reflect the anticipated expenditure of ground

oriented situations when expanded civil aug-

ammunition over designated time periods of

mentation of military airlift activity is required.

combat operations.

These aircraft are allocated, in accordance with

Department of Defense requirements, to seg-

forward arming and refueling point—A tempo-

ments, according to their capabilities, such as

rary facility—organized, equipped, and deployed

international long range and short range cargo and

by an aviation commander, and normally located

passenger sections, national (domestic and

in the main battle area closer to the area where

Alaskan sections) and aeromedical evacuation and

operations are being conducted than the aviation

other segments as may be mutually agreed upon

unit’s combat service area—to provide fuel and

by the Department of Defense and the Department

ammunition necessary for the employment of

of Transportation. (JP 1-02)

aviation maneuver units in combat. The forward

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Glossary-4 ^{___________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

arming and refueling point permits combat aircraft

multinational environment, other Service or

to rapidly refuel and rearm simultaneously. Also

multinational forces may be assigned or attached.

called FARP. (JP 1-02)

Also called MAGTF. (MCRP 5-12C)

Global Combat Support System-Joint—The

Marine logistics group—The logistics combat

primary information technology application used

element (LCE) of the Marine expeditionary force

to provide automation support to the joint logisti-

(MEF). It is a permanently organized command

cian. Also called GCSS-J. (JP 1-02)

tasked with providing combat service support

beyond the organic capabilities of supported units

Global Command and Control System—A

of the MEF. The Marine logistics group is

deployable command and control system support-

normally structured with direct and general

ing forces for joint and multinational operations

support units, which are organized to support a

across the range of military operations with

MEF possessing one Marine division and one

compatible, interoperable, and integrated commu-

Marine aircraft wing. The Marine logistics group

nications systems. Also called GCCS. (JP 1-02)

may also provide smaller task-organized LCEs to

support Marine air-ground task forces smaller

inventory control point—An organizational unit

than a MEF. Also called MLG. (MCRP 5-12C)

or activity within a Department of Defense

supply system that is assigned the primary

movement planning—The art and science of

responsibility for the materiel management of a

selecting the forces and equipment to be moved,

group of items either for a particular Service or

and marshalled to arrive at their respective

for the Defense Department as a whole. Materiel

planned ports of embarkation.

inventory management includes cataloging direc-

tion, requirements computation, procurement

munition—A complete device charged with

direction, distribution management, disposal

explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics, initiating

direction and, generally, rebuild direction. Also

composition, or nuclear, biological, or chemical

called ICP. (JP 1-02)

material for use in military operations, including

demolitions. Certain suitably modified munitions

Marine air-ground task force—The Marine

can be used for training, ceremonial, or nonopera-

Corps’ principal organization for all missions

tional purposes. Also called ammunition. (Note:

across the range of military operations, composed

In common usage, “munitions” [plural] can be

of forces task-organized under a single com-

military weapons, ammunition, and equipment.)

mander capable of responding rapidly to a contin-

(JP 1-02)

gency anywhere in the world. The types of forces

in the Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) are

ordnance—Explosives, chemicals, pyrotechnics,

functionally grouped into four core elements: a

and similar stores, e.g., bombs, guns and ammu-

command element, an aviation combat element, a

nition, flares, smoke, or napalm. (JP 1-02)

ground combat element, and a logistics combat

war reserve materiel requirement—That

element. The four core elements are categories of

forces, not formal commands. The basic struc-

portion of the war materiel requirement required

ture of the MAGTF never varies, though the

to be on hand on D-day. This level consists of the

number, size, and type of Marine Corps units

war materiel requirement less the sum of the

peacetime assets assumed to be available on D-

comprising each of its four elements will always

be mission dependent. The flexibility of the orga-

day and the war materiel procurement capability.

nizational structure allows for one or more subor-

(Proposed for inclusion in the next edition of

dinate MAGTFs to be assigned. In a joint or

MCRP 5-12C)

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

REFERENCES AND RELATED PUBLICATIONS

United States Code

Title 49

Code of Federal Regulations

Office of the Secretary of Defense

Military Standard (MIL-STD)

129P

Standard Practice, Military Marking for Shipment and Storage

Department of Defense Instruction (DODI)

3000.4

DOD Munitions Requirements Process (DOD MRP)

Department of Defense Directive (DODD)

4140.1-R

DOD Supply Chain Materiel Management Regulation

6055.9E

Explosives Safety Management and the DOD Explosives Safety Board

5100.76-M

Physical Security of Sensitive Conventional Arms, Ammunition, and

Explosives

Defense Transportation Regulation (DTR)

4500.9-R

Part II, Cargo Movement

Department of Defense Standard

6055.9-STD

DOD Ammunition and Explosives Safety Standards

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Manual (CJCSMs)

3122.02C

Joint Operation Planning and Execution System (JOPES)

3150.14B

Joint Reporting Structure—Logistics

Joint Publication (JP)

Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States

North Atlantic Treaty Organization Standardization Agreements (STANAG)

2459

Procedures for Ammunition Interchangeability

2232

Catalog of Ammunition with National Approval for Specified Inter-

changeability-AOP-6 Volume II

2928

Catalog of Ammunition Held by Nations that Satisfy Interchangeability

Criteria of Form, Fit and Function Only-AOP-6 Volume I

Army Publications

Field Manual (FM)

4-30.13

Ammunition Handbook: Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for

Munitions Handlers

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

References-2 ^{________________________________________________________________________________________}MCWP 4-11.9

Technical Bulletin (TB)

9-1300-278

Guidelines for Safe Response to Handling, Storage, and Transportation

Accidents Involving Army Tank Munitions or Armor Which Contain

Depleted Uranium

Technical Manual (TM)

43-0002-33

Destruction of Conventional Ammunition and Improved Conventional

Munitions (ICM) to Prevent Enemy Use

Marine Corps Publications

Marine Corps Orders (MCO)

4340.1A

Reporting of Missing, Lost, Stolen, or Recovered (MLSR) Government

Property (with change 1)

5100.29A

Marine Corps Safety Program

8000.7

Marine Corps Capabilities-Based Munitions Requirements (MCCBMR)

Process for Ground Ammunition (Class V[W])

8023.3A

Personnel Qualification and Certification Program for Class V Ammu-

nition and Explosives

8025.1D

Class V(W) Malfunction and Defect Reporting (with change 1)

P4030.19H

Preparing Hazardous Materials for Military Air Shipments

P4400.39H

War Reserve Materiel Policy Manual (with change 1)

P5090.2A

Environmental Compliance and Protection Manual

P8020.10B

Marine Corps Ammunition and Explosives Safety Policy

Marine Corps Doctrine Publications (MCDP)

Logistics

Marine Corps Warfighting Publications (MCWPs)

3-2

Aviation Operations

3-21.2

Aviation Logistics

4-1

Logistics Operations

4-11

Tactical Level Logistics

4-11.7

MAGTF Supply Operations

5-1

Marine Corps Planning Process

5-11.1

MAGTF Aviation Planning

Marine Corps Reference Publication (MCRP)

4-11.3E

Unit Embarkation Handbook

Navy Publications

Chief of Naval Operations Instruction (OPNAVINSTs)

4850.1

Conventional Ordnance Assessment and Maintenance Requirements

Policy

5100.8G

Navy Safety and Occupational Safety and Health Program DTD 21 Jun

2007

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

Ammunition Logistics^{______________________________________________________________________________} References-3

5102.1D

Navy & Marine Corps Mishap and Safety Investigation, Reporting

and Record Keeping Manual

5530.13C

Department of the Navy Physical Security Instruction for Conventional

Arms, Ammunition, and Explosives (AA&E)

5530.14A

Department of the Navy Physical Security and Loss Prevention

8010.12F

Naval Conventional Ordnance Operational Logistics Policy

8011.9A

Non-Nuclear Ordnance Requirements (NNOR) Process

8020.14

Department of the Navy Explosives Safety Policy Manual

8026.2

Navy Munitions Disposition Policy

Secretary of the Navy Instruction (SECNAVINST)

5100.10J

Department of the Navy Policy for Safety, Mishap Prevention,

Occupational Health and Fire Protection Programs

Naval Supply Systems Command (NAVSUPs)

P-724

Conventional Ordnance Stockpile Management Policies and Procedures

P-805

Navy and Marine Corps Conventional Ammunition Sentencing Receipt,

Segregation, Storage and Issue Sentencing

P-807

Navy and Marine Corps Conventional Ammunition Sentencing-Fleet

Sentencing, Volume 3

Naval Sea Systems Command Publications (NAVSEAINST)

8020.18

Transportation Accident Prevention and Emergency Response Involving

Conventional DOD Munitions and Explosives

Naval Sea Systems Manual (NAVSEA Manual)

SW020-AC-SAF-010

Transportation and Storage Data for Ammunition, Explosives and

Related Hazardous Materials, Volume 1

Naval Sea Systems Command Ordnance Publication (NAVSEA OP)

Ammunition Afloat

Volume 1, Ammunition and Explosives Safety Ashore

Volume 3, Ammunition and Explosives Safety Ashore, Advanced Base

Naval Air Systems Command Manual (NAVAIR)

00-80T-103

NATOPS Conventional Weapons Handling Procedures Manual Ashore

00-80T-109

Aircraft Refueling Naval Air Training and Operating Procedures

Standardization Manual

Miscellaneous

Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) Manual 00-80T-103, NATOPS Conventional Weapons Han-

dling Procedures Manual Ashore

Naval Air Systems Command Manual 00-80T-109, Aircraft Refueling Naval Air Training and Operat-

ing Procedures Standardization Manual

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps

Washington, DC 20380-0001

30 JUNE 2009

1. This Technical Manual (TM), authenticated for Marine Corps use and effective upon receipt,

provides operation and maintenance levels as determined by TM 11275-15/3D for Principal Technical

Characteristics of U.S. Marine Corps Engineer Equipment.

2. Safety issues related to the information contained in this manual should be reported to the Marine

Corps Systems Command Safety Office at MCSCSafety@usmc.mil. All significant safety hazards that

have the potential to affect other commands and require widespread dissemination shall be reported via a

Hazard Report per MCO P5102.1B.

3. Submit notice of discrepancies or suggested changes on a NAVMC 10772. Users with CAC/PKI

certificates may submit the NAVMC via the internet using website

https://pubs.ala.usmc.mil/navmc/default.asp. You can then fill in and submit the automated NAVMC

10772 Form. NAVMC forms may also be submitted by electronic mail to

SMB.LOG.Tech.Pubs.fct@usmc.mil or mailing a paper copy of the NAVMC 10772 in an envelope

addressed to Commander, Marine Corps Systems Command, Attn: Assistant Commander Acquisition

and Logistics (AC LCL/TP), 814 Radford Blvd, Room 306E, Albany, Georgia 31704-0343. In addition

to electronic submittal of the NAVMC form via the above web links, forward an informational copy (cc:)

or mail a paper copy to the Project Officer at the following address: COMMANDER,

MARCORSYSCOM, 2200 Lester Street, Quantico VA 22134, ATTN: GTES PMM 152. Problems or

questions regarding the NAVMC 10772 program should be reported by calling commercial phone

number (229) 639- or DSN 567 and any of the following extensions 5017, 6439, or 6035.

4. TM 11275-15/3C of 30 September 1991 is hereby superseded for Marine Corps use.

BY DIRECTION OF THE COMMANDANT OF THE MARINE CORPS

OFFICIAL:

W. P. MACECEVIC

Program Manager, Engineer Systems

Marine Corps Systems Command

DISTRIBUTION: EDO

TM 11275-15/3D

TECHNICAL MANUAL

MARINE CORPS SYSTEMS COMMAND

TM 11275-15/3D

Quantico, VA, June 2009

U.S. MARINE CORPS TECHNICAL MANUAL

FOR

PRINCIPAL TECHNICAL

CHARACTERISTICS OF

U.S. MARINE CORPS

ENGINEER EQUIPMENT

THIS PUBLICATION IS REQUIRED FOR OFFICIAL USE FOR ADMINISTRATION OR OPERATIONAL PURPOSES.

DISTRIBUTION IS LIMITED TO U.S. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES ONLY. OTHER REQUESTS FOR THIS DOCUMENT

MUST BE REFERRED TO: COMMANDER, MARINE CORPS SYSTEM COMMAND (GTES-ES), QUANTICO, VA

22134-6050.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE: DESTROY BY ANY METHOD THAT WILL PREVENT DISCLOSURE OF CONTENTS OR

RECONSTRUCTION OF THE DOCUMENTS.

Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1-1

CHAPTER 2

EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION SHEETS

2-1

CHAPTER 3

EQUIPMENT LISTINGS BY TAM-NUMBER SEQUENCE

3-1

CHAPTER 4

OBSOLETE EQUIPMENT

4-1

i/(ii blank)

TM 11275-15/3D

1-1. SCOPE.

This manual provides easy-to-use reference data for the more common items of Marine Corps engineer

equipment. The equipment description sheets (Chapter 2), which make up the bulk of the manual, provides the

operating and shipping characteristics of the equipment, including, when applicable, fuel and power requirements,

power outputs, and major components. If available, photographs or drawings of the equipment are provided. For

complete data on any item, refer to the appropriate technical manual or Stock List (SL-3 or SL-4). Stock Lists can

be accessed on the internet through the MATCOM website http://mcsd4.ala.usmc.mil/MCSD/SL/. For additional

assistance contact Action Officer at GTES-ES, phone number: 703-432-3728.

1-2. GENERAL ARRANGEMENT.

a. Introduction (Chapter 1). This chapter contains general information about the publication and its use.

b. Equipment Description Sheets (Chapter 2). This chapter contains equipment description sheets

arranged in alphanumeric table of Authorized Materiel Control Number (TAMCN) sequence. Each sheet provides

key operating and shipping characteristics of the equipment and includes illustrations or drawings as appropriate.

Some equipment items have multiple operating configurations. Those are marked as “varies” under Operating and

Shipping Data.

c. Equipment Listing by TAMCN (Chapter 3). This chapter is a listing arranged in alphanumeric TAMCN

sequence. The listing provides Table of Authorized Materiel Control Number (TAMCN), equipment Item Designator

(ID) number, equipment nomenclature, and a page number reference to the equipment description sheet in

Chapter 2. It should be noted that some TAMCN are common to more than one item of equipment.

1-3. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION SHEET FORMAT.

Each end item is given a separate data page. Data provided is self-explanatory. Some special instructions on

the use of the data pages are provided below:

a. Square Stowage/Cubic Measure Entries. The term “square stowage/cubic measure” is used in this

manual to indicate the floor or deck area, in square feet/cubic feet, required by an item. Square stowage/cubic

measure figures are most useful for those items, which cannot be stacked; however, this manual provides square

stowage/cubic measure information on most items, including those that can be stacked. Square stowage/cubic

measure figures shown in this manual are rounded off to the nearest tenth. They do not include factors for

additional space that may be required for maneuvering or tiedown.

b. Containers for Sets and Kits. Many sets or kits of tools, accessories, and expendable supplies listed in

this manual are issued without containers. Since containers may be constructed to suit the particular needs of the

unit, dimensions and weights of the carrying case/chest for such sets and kits will be included, if available. No

operating data is provided since the tools, while in use, can be greatly dispersed.

1-4. OBSOLETE EQUIPMENT LIST.

This list contains obsolete equipment arranged in TAMCN sequences.

1-1

TM 11275-15/3D

1-5. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS.

The following abbreviations are used:

Abbreviation/Acronym

Definition

AAV

Assault Amphibian Vehicle

A/C

Air Conditioner

BTU

British Thermal Unit

BTU/hr

British Thermal Unit per Hour

Centigrade

CFM

Cubic Feet per Minute

Centimeter

cu yd

Cubic Yard

DLA

Defense Logistics Agency

DoD

Department of Defense

Fahrenheit

ft²

Square Foot/Feet

ft³

Cubic Foot/Feet

fps

Feet per Second

gal

Gallon(s)

gph

Gallon(s) per Hour

GPM

Gallon(s) per Minute

H₂0

Water

Horsepower

Hour(s)

Hertz

Item Designator Number

Inch(es)

ISO/ANSI

International Organization of Standardization/American National Standard Institute

Kilograms

km/h

Kilometer per Hour

Kilowatt(s)

Liter

Pound(s)

Meter(s)

MCS

Marine Corps Standard

Mep

Mobile Electrical Power

mph

Miles per Hour

MLC

Military Load Classification

Millimeter(s)

NSN

National Stock Number

Power Factor

psi

Pounds per Square Inch

psig

Pounds per Square Inch Gauge

Quart

Qty

Quantity

RPM

Revolutions per Minute

SCFM

Square Cubic Feet per Minute

TAMCN

Table of Authorized Materiel Control Number

USMC

United States Marine Corps

Volt(s)

VAC

Volt(s) Alternating Current

Vdc

Volt(s) Direct Current

1-2

TM 11275-15/3D

AIR CONDITIONER, MCS, HORIZONTAL, 0.75-TON

TAMCN: B0001

National Stock Number/ID Number

4120-01-193-4998

07579D

4120-01-093-3385

07579B

4120-01-164-7420

07579C

4120-01-330-6542

10212A

TC-243

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION

The Air Conditioner, Marine Corps Standard (MCS), Horizontal, 60 Hz, 0.75-Ton unit is a horizontally-

mounted air conditioner driven by an air-cooled motor and designed for use in shelters, vans, and trailers in

mobile, portable, and transportable applications. The unit provides complete environmental air conditioning

including cooling, heating, ventilation, dehumidification, and filtering and has a nominal cooling capacity of 9,000

BTU and a nominal heating capacity of 7,000 BTU.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Unit

Dimensions

Manufacturer:

AIRTACS

Length (in.):

26.8

Model:

ECU-9HC326

Width (in.):

23.8

Power Req.

Height (in.):

16.1

Frequency (Hz):

50/60

Weight (lb):

200

Voltage/Phase:

208VAC/3-Phase

5.9

Volume (ft³):

Wires:

4-Wire

Horizontal/Vertical:

Horizontal

Max Power Consumption:

3 kW

Refrigerant

R-22

Capacity

Design Maximum

Cooling (BTU/hr):

9,000

Ambient Temperature:

120°F

Heating (BTU/hr):

7,000

Min Ambient Cooling:

0°F

CFM:

370

Min Ambient Heating:

-50°F

Duct Size:

N/A

Replaced Item(s)

N/A

Transportability

Transported with supported shelter

Associated TAMCN(s)

N/A

2-1

TM 11275-15/3D

AIR CONDITIONER, MCS, HORIZONTAL, 60 HZ, 1.5-TON

TAMCN: B0002

National Stock Number/ID Number

4120-01-268-4451

09265A

4120-01-237-4463

07592F

4120-01-122-0626

07592C

4120-01-076-1753

07592D

4120-01-165-1125

07592E

4120-01-327-1316

10140A

4120-00-411-3730

07592A

TC-244

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION

The Air Conditioner, Marine Corps Standard (MCS), Horizontal, 60 Hz, 1.5-Ton unit is a horizontally-

mounted air conditioner driven by an air-cooled motor and designed for use in shelters, vans, and trailers in

mobile, portable, and transportable applications. The unit provides complete environmental air conditioning

including cooling, heating, ventilation, dehumidification, and filtering and has a nominal cooling capacity of

18,000 BTU and a nominal heating capacity of 14,300 BTU.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Unit

Dimensions

Manufacturer:

KECO

Length (in.):

Model:

F18H-3SB

Width (in.):

Power Req.

Height (in.):

Frequency (Hz):

50/60

Weight (lb):

265

Voltage/Phase:

208VAC/3-Phase

Volume (ft³):

9.8

Wires:

4-Wire

Horizontal/Vertical:

Horizontal

Max Power Consumption:

6.5 kW

Refrigerant

R-22

Capacity

Design Maximum

Cooling (BTU/hr):

18,000

Ambient Temperature:

120°F

Heating (BTU/hr):

14,300

Min Ambient Cooling:

0°F

CFM:

640

Min Ambient Heating:

-50°F

Duct Size:

N/A

Replaced Item(s)

N/A

Transportability

Transported with supported shelter

Associated TAMCN(s)

N/A

2-2

TM 11275-15/3D

AIR CONDITIONER, 1.5-TON, 18,000 BTU/HR

TAMCN: B0003

National Stock Number/ID Number

4120-01-526-1588

11080A

TC-245

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION

The Air Conditioner, 1.5-Ton, 18,000 BTU/hr, is an electric motor driven ECU. These units are capable of

providing cooled, dehumidified, heated, and filtered air for supply to a shelter or van. The 1.5-Ton ECU is com-

prised of an electrical subsystem, a refrigeration subsystem and the structure, i.e., the cabinet and frame. The

electrical subsystem is designed to accept 208VAC/3-Phase, 50/60 Hz input power. The 1.5-Ton ECU weighs

approximately 245 pounds and is capable of providing 18,000 BTU of cooling and 13,400 BTU of heating. Low

setting provides a minimum of 9,000 BTU of cooling and 7,000 BTU of heat.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Unit

Dimensions

Manufacturer:

Nordic Air, Inc.

Depth (in.):

Model:

GS1H43ZAANWY001

Width (in.):

Power Req.

Height (in.):

Frequency (Hz):

Weight (lb):

245

Voltage/Phase:

9.7

208VAC/3-Phase

Volume (ft³):

Wires:

4-Wire

Horizontal/Vertical:

Horizontal

Max Power Consumption:

3 kW/5.0 kW

Capacity

Refrigerant

R-22

Cooling (BTU/hr):

18,000

Design Maximum

125°F

Heating (BTU/hr):

7,000/13,400

Ambient Temperature:

CFM:

370/600

Min Ambient Cooling:

50°F

Duct Size:

N/A

Min Ambient Heating:

-25°F

Replaced Item(s)

N/A

Transportability

Transported with supported shelter/man portable

Associated TAMCN(s)

N/A

2-3

TM 11275-15/3D

AIR CONDITIONER, MCS, HORIZONTAL, 400 HZ, 1.5-TON

TAMCN: B0004

National Stock Number/ID Number

4120-01-539-4630

11286A

4120-01-168-1775

07418D

4120-01-073-9095

07418C

4120-01-350-0185

07418A

4120-01-220-7381

08714B

4120-01-286-8854

04984A

TC-002

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION

The Air Conditioner, Marine Corps Standard (MCS), Horizontal, 400 Hz, 1.5-Ton unit is a vertical air condi-

tioner driven by an air-cooled motor and is used primarily in van-type enclosures for providing filtered, condi-

tioned, cooled, or heated air, as required, to maintain service conditions necessary for the efficient operation of

electronic equipment housed within the van. The unit provides complete environmental air conditioning including

cooling, heating, ventilation, dehumidification, and filtering. The B0004 has a nominal cooling capacity of 18,000

BTU and a nominal heating capacity of 12,000 BTU.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Unit

Dimensions

Manufacturer:

AIRTACS

Length (in.):

Model:

Unknown

Width (in.):

Power Req.

Height (in.):

Frequency (Hz):

400

Weight (lb):

280

Voltage/Phase:

208VAC/3-Phase

9.2

Volume (ft³):

Wires:

4-Wire

Horizontal/Vertical:

Vertical

Max Power Consumption:

6.75kW

Capacity

Refrigerant

R-22

Cooling (BTU/hr):

18,000

Design Maximum

Heating (BTU/hr):

12,000

Ambient Temperature:

120°F

CFM:

615

Min Ambient Cooling:

0°F

Duct Size:

N/A

Min Ambient Heating:

50°F

Replaced Item(s)

N/A

Transportability

Transported with supported shelter

Associated TAMCN(s)

B2004, ID: 0767A, NSN 4120-00-327-5035

2-4

TM 11275-15/3D

AIR CONDITIONER, MCS, VERTICAL, 400 HZ, 3-TON

TAMCN: B0006

National Stock Number/ID Number

4120-01-072-6388

06503C

4120-01-244-6385

09063A

4120-01-110-2034

09235A

TC-248

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION

The Air Conditioner, Marine Corps Standard (MCS), Vertical, 400 Hz, 3-Ton unit is a complete, self-con-

tained, vertical, air conditioner driven by an air-cooled motor and designed for continuous operation under vary-

ing load conditions. It is used primarily in van-type enclosures for providing filtered, conditioned, cooled, or

heated air, as required, to maintain service conditions necessary for the efficient operation of electronic equip-

ment housed within the van. The unit provides complete environmental air conditioning including cooling, heat-

ing, ventilation, dehumidification, and filtering and has a nominal cooling capacity of 36,000 BTU and a nominal

heating capacity of 28,600 BTU.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Unit

Dimensions

Manufacturer:

KECO

Length (in.):

21.5

Model:

F36T-4-2

Width (in.):

30.8

Power Req.

Height (in.):

55.4

Frequency (Hz):

400

Weight (lb):

390

Voltage/Phase:

208VAC/3-Phase

Volume (ft³):

21.1

Wires:

4-Wire

Horizontal/Vertical:

Vertical

Max Power Consumption:

9.6 kW

Capacity

Refrigerant

R-22

Cooling (BTU/hr):

37,800

Design Maximum

Heating (BTU/hr):

28,600

Ambient Temperature:

120°F

CFM:

1,250

Min Ambient Cooling:

0°F

Duct Size:

(1) 12 in. for Supply

Min Ambient Heating:

-50°F

(1) 12 in. for Return

Replaced Item(s)

N/A

Transportability

Skid Mounted Assembly - Large (B2006), Forklift Portable

Associated TAMCN(s)

B2006, ID: 07768A, NSN 4120-00-575-7200

2-5

TM 11275-15/3D

AIR CONDITIONER, 5-TON, 60,000 BTU/HR

TAMCN: B0008

National Stock Number/ID Number

4120-01-526-1060

11084A

TC-250

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION

The Air Conditioner, 5-Ton, 60,000 BTU/hr, is a packaged system designed to operate in a portable field

capacity, providing conditioned air to a shelter or van. The 5-Ton ECU is controlled with a built-in control box or

remote controller and operates using 208VAC/3-Phase, 50/60 Hz power supplied by a generator or shore power

via a power plug located on the ECU. The refrigerant system uses R-22 refrigerant and has a cooling capacity at

60 Hz of not less than 60,000 BTU/hr at 95°F ambient outside temperature. The heating system is furnished with

a 37,000 BTU/hr resistive type heater in addition to fan heat.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Unit

Dimensions

Manufacturer:

Nordic Air, Inc.

Depth (in.):

Model:

GL0543ZAADWYX01

Width (in.):

47.62

Power Req.

Height (in.):

47.44

Frequency (Hz):

Weight (lb):

575

Voltage/Phase:

208VAC/3-Phase

Volume (ft³):

48.35

Wires:

4-Wire

Horizontal/Vertical:

Horizontal

Max Power Consumption:

11 kW

Capacity

Refrigerant

R-22

Cooling (BTU/hr):

60,000

Design Maximum

Heating (BTU/hr):

37,000

Ambient Temperature:

125°F

CFM:

2,000

Min Ambient Cooling:

50°F

Duct Size:

(1) 16 in. for Supply

Min Ambient Heating:

-25°F

(1) 16 in. for Return

Replaced Item(s)

B0007, B0011

Transportability

Forklift Portable

Associated TAMCN(s)

N/A

2-6

TM 11275-15/3D

AIR CONDITIONER, 10-TON, 120,000 BTU/HR

TAMCN: B0010

National Stock Number/ID Number

4120-01-526-1120

11079A (Green)

4120-01-564-7844

11079A (Tan)

TC-252

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION

The Air Conditioner, rated for a capacity of 10-Ton, 120,000 BTU/hr, is a packaged system designed to

operate in a portable field capacity, providing conditioned air to a shelter or van. The 10-Ton ECU is controlled

with a built-in control box or remote controller and operates using 208VAC/3-Phase, 50/60 Hz power supplied by

a generator or shore power via a power plug located on the ECU. The refrigerant system uses R-22 refrigerant

and has a cooling capacity at 60 Hz of not less than 126,000 BTU/hr at 95°F ambient outside temperature. The

heating system is furnished with a 47,000 BTU/hr resistive type heater in addition to fan heat. This is the same

unit used for the ITEG, TAMCN B0018.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Unit

Dimensions

Manufacturer:

Nordic Air, Inc.

Depth (in.):

Model:

GL1043ZAADG0

Width (in.):

Power Req.

Height (in.):

Frequency (Hz):

Weight (lb):

715

Voltage/Phase:

208VAC/3-Phase

With skid base:

740

Wires:

4-Wire

57.48

Volume (ft³):

Max Power Consumption:

18 kW

Horizontal/Vertical:

Horizontal

Capacity

Refrigerant

R-22

Cooling (BTU/hr):

120,000

Design Maximum

Heating (BTU/hr):

47,000

Ambient Temperature:

125°F

CFM:

3,200

Min Ambient Cooling:

50°F

Duct Size:

(2) 12 in. for Supply

Min Ambient Heating:

-25°F

(1) 18 in. for Return

Replaced Item(s)

N/A

Transportability

Forklift Portable

Associated TAMCN(s)

B0018

2-7

TM 11275-15/3D

AIR CONDITIONER, MCS, VERTICAL, 50/60 OR 400 HZ, 18,000 BTU

TAMCN: B0012

National Stock Number/ID Number

4120-01-325-7062

09857A

TC-254

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION

The Air Conditioner, Marine Corps Standard (MCS), Vertical, Skid-Mounted, multi-powered input (MPI)

(50/60 or 400 Hz), 1.5-Ton unit is compact, vertical, lightweight, electrically powered air conditioner. A new con-

cept is incorporated into the unit whereby components are packaged in a ruggedized frame and cabinet to allow

transport without crating. It is not intended for support of electromagnetic interference sensitive equipment. The

unit provides complete environmental air conditioning including cooling, heating, ventilation, dehumidification,

and filtering and has a nominal cooling capacity of 18,000 BTU and a nominal heating capacity of 12,000 BTU.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Unit

Dimensions

Manufacturer:

KECO

Length (in.):

Model:

F18T-MPI

Width (in.):

17.25

Power Req.

Height (in.):

45.78

Frequency (Hz):

50/60

Weight (lb):

265

Voltage/Phase:

208VAC/3-Phase

Volume (ft³):

8.8

Wires:

5-Wire

Horizontal/Vertical:

Vertical

Max Power Consumption:

5 kW

Capacity

Refrigerant

R-22

Cooling (BTU/hr):

18,000

Design Maximum

Heating (BTU/hr):

12,000

Ambient Temperature:

125°F

CFM:

590

Min Ambient Cooling:

50°F

Duct Size:

(1) 8 in. for Supply

Min Ambient Heating:

-25°F

(1) 8 in. for Return

Replaced Item(s)

N/A

Transportability

Forklift Portable

Associated TAMCN(s)

B2004

2-8

TM 11275-15/3D

AIR CONDITIONER, 3-TON, 36,000 BTU/HR

TAMCN: B0014

National Stock Number/ID Number

4120-01-526-2397

11082A

TC-255

DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION

The Air Conditioner, 3-Ton, 36,000 BTU/hr, is a packaged system designed to operate in a portable field

capacity, providing conditioned air to a shelter or van. The 3-Ton ECU is controlled with a built-in control box or

remote controller and operates using 208VAC/3-Phase, 50/60 Hz power supplied by a generator or shore power

via a power plug located on the ECU. The refrigerant system uses R-22 refrigerant and has a cooling capacity at

60 Hz of not less than 36,000 BTU/hr at 95°F ambient outside temperature. The heating system is furnished with a

31,000 BTU/hr resistive type heater in addition to fan heat.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

Unit

Dimensions

Manufacturer:

Nordic Air, Inc.

Depth (in.):

Model:

GL0343ZAADWYX01

Width (in.):

47.62

Power Req.

Height (in.):

42.44

Frequency (Hz):

Weight (lb):

485

Voltage/Phase:

208VAC/3-Phase

43.25

Volume (ft³):

Wires:

4-Wire

Horizontal/Vertical:

Horizontal

Max Power Consumption:

9.6 kW

Capacity

Refrigerant

R-22

Cooling (BTU/hr):

36,000

Design Maximum

Heating (BTU/hr):

31,000

Ambient Temperature:

125°F

CFM:

1,325

Min Ambient Cooling:

50°F

Duct Size:

(1) 12 in. for Supply

Min Ambient Heating:

-25°F

(1) 12 in. for Return

Replaced Item(s)

B0005, B0012, B0013

Transportability

Forklift Portable

Associated TAMCN(s)

N/A

2-9

Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 8) - page 34