Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 6)

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 19 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

7.3

Formatted

8.3Positive Identification of Equipment

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

To allow effective isolation, equipment must be clearly tagged labelled with unique

tag numbers. If equipment is not tagged then another method of positive

identification of equipment must be used, e.g. use of the cable number and cable

schedule and interconnection drawings. These provide a unique number, which

should be located at each end of the cable. If there is any doubt about the correct

identification of the equipment to be isolated and the isolation point, then the work

should be suspended and clarification sought.

7.4

8.4Control of Isolations

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

The ICC, cross-referenced to all relevant work permits, shall be the principal means

Formatted

of control once isolations are in place. The ICC performs the following functions:

 Identifies the plant concerned and the reasons for isolations

 Authorises isolation by disciplines

 Records the complete list of isolations points

 Records the „prove dead‟ operations

 Records the position of any earths applied

 Records locking points and lock numbers

 Records where isolation tags labels have been applied

 Confirms that the isolation has been effected

 Authorises any temporary de-isolations and isolations necessary for testing

(sanction for test)

 Authorises and records de-isolations on completion of the task

 The Area Authority must effectively control all keys for locks used for isolation.

7.5

8.5Operational Locks

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Operational Locks will be used as required on switchgear to ensure that normal

Formatted

operating standards are maintained. These locks will be kept in the switch rooms; in

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

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Page 15 of 23

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 20 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

lock cabinets where only appropriately authorised competent personnel will have

access.

An example of this would be manual close buttons on switchgear, which will normally

be locked for operational purposes and unlocked for maintenance.

Appendix DE shows an example of an operational locking system, which could be

Formatted

used

for

the

control

of locks.

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

Next Revision Date: 01/12/2005

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Created on 04/02/2004 14:05

Page 15 of 23

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 21 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

7.6

8.6Boundary Isolations

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Where an area of plant is isolated such that several activities (typically construction

Formatted

work) can safely take place within this common set of strategically placed isolation

Formatted

points then this can be termed as a „Boundary Isolation‟. It must be clearly identified

Formatted

that the isolation is appropriate for all the individual tasks to be carried out within the

Boundary Isolation and all individual Work Permits are cross-referenced to this

Boundary Isolation.

If any of the proposed tasks require a level of isolation or implementation of control

measures greater than that covered by the Boundary then a separate Isolation

Confirmation Certificate should be raised for this task.

Thorough planning and preparation is essential when planning Boundary Isolation. A

team including the Area Authority and Isolating Authority and any additional technical

support required should be set up away from the work place to properly review and

agree the scope of the Boundary Isolation and the tasks to be carried out.

Once work is in progress and subsequent Work Permits are applied for within the

recognised framework of the Boundary Isolation, they can be added providing it is

clearly established that the existing isolation is appropriate to the task. However, this

should be avoided if possible and it is preferable to identify all activities when the

Boundary isolation is being planned.

Boundary Isolations shall not be removed until all applicable Work Permits have been

cancelled.

If, for any reason, work on a particular piece of plant within the Boundary needs to be

suspended

(ege.g. whilst awaiting spares) then a separate isolation shall be implemented and an

ICC raised before the Boundary Isolation can be cancelled and confirmation that the

installation can be energised safely.

Where the de-isolation of the Boundary Isolation is proposed, the Area Authority shall

ensure that all associated Work Permits have been cancelled. He/she should also

ensure that equipment within the boundary is in safe condition.

7.7 Long-Tterm Isolations

Long-term Isolations (LTIs) are defined as those that no longer have work performed

Formatted

against them. Each site should maintain a detailed register of long-term isolations

with

reason

why

they

are

in place.

Long-term isolations shall be subject to two levels of review:

Formatted

 A weekly review of the register to check the status of the isolations in place

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Next Revision Date: 01/12/2005

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Created on 04/02/2004 14:05

Page 15 of 23

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 22 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

 A quarterly review to physically check all the isolation points to confirm their

security and integrity and that the keys to all locks are being adequately

controlled

 If the LTI is in place for more than

1 year, review the requirement for LTI.

Consider if something else could be done (iei.e. decommission circuit)

Before any work is performed against a long-term isolation a full integrity check of all

Formatted

isolation points is required and the point of work must be proven dead.

Before an electrical LTI is removed a physical check of the equipment to be

energized will be made to ensure that the equipment is safe to energize.

An example on an LTI would be a motor being removed for repair, and isolation will need to remain in

force until the motor is returned and has been reinstalled.

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

Next Revision Date: 01/12/2005

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Created on 04/02/2004 14:05

Page 15 of 23

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 23 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

8.87.8 Personal Isolations

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Personal isolations are intended for short-duration tasks of relatively low risk. For

Formatted

example, when work is required on a single motor feeder circuit or other such tasks

where the completion of an ICC is considered to add no significant value in terms of

risk reduction. The use of personnel isolation may only be authorized by the Area

Authority on the permit to work. The rules for approval of a personal isolation are as

follows:

 One person within one shift performs the task and isolation; the person may

receive assistance from others but he/she shall be present at all times when work

is in progress



Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

 Before approval, the Area Authority must be satisfied with the competence of the

Performing Authority and check that they have sufficient authorisation to both

carry out the isolation and execute the work. Personal isolations shall only be

carried out by those deemed to be a competent Isolating Authority



Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

 The same isolating standards apply to personal isolations other than the

completion of the ICC



Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

 The isolation points shall be labelled with an personal isolation label

(which

includes

the

date,

the name of the person isolating and the task information) and locked (the

Performing Authority must keep effective control of keys to isolation locks)



Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

 If the worksite is left unattended, the plant shall be left safe, with all covers or

barriers in place



Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

 The personal isolation is authorised on the work permit

An ICC shall be raised if any of these conditions cannot be met or conditions change

Formatted

during

the

work activity.

Formatted

Personal isolations are not allowed on the following:

 High Voltage



 Safety systems ege.g. Fire and Gas or Emergency Shutdown (ESD) panels or

sections thereof



 Equipment fed from more than one source

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

Next Revision Date: 01/12/2005

Print Date: 24/07/201015/11/2004

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Created on 04/02/2004 14:05

Page 15 of 23

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 24 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

7.9

8.9Testing Isolation Integrity - Proving Dead

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

All electrical conductors shall be considered to be live until positively proven dead

Formatted

using an approved live line tester suitable for the voltage to be tested; this tester will

be proved both before and after use. The conductor will be proven dead between

circuit and earth. Where there is a neutral or the system is unearthed the conductors

will also be proven dead between all of the circuit conductors. It is a requirement

under the BP Golden Rule of Energy Isolation that energy has been discharged and

that testing has proved the isolation.

The Performing Authority will be required to witness this test or prove dead

themselves before commencing work on any conductor.

It is essential that after testing with an applied voltage, a conductor isbe adequately

discharged to earth using approved discharging equipment. Once discharged, the

conductor is again proven dead.

Proving Dead is considered to be live working and therefore each location must

assess the risks of this activity based on sited conditions and produce a standalone

risk assessment, which covers this activity. The understanding of these precautions

will form part of the authorisation process for the site.

7.10

8.10Monitoring Isolation Integrity

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Locks and effective control of their keys, maintain the integrity of electrical isolation.

Formatted

An isolation lock may not be removed unless written permission is given on its ICC.

lock

may

not

removed

by any other means than the key. If for any reason the key is not available, the Area

Authority, Responsible Electrical Person, Isolation Authority and Performing Authority

must apply in writing to the OIM / Site Manager / Site Controller for permission to

remove the lock.

Where possible, a multi-hasp device will be used to allow for more that one padlock

each

isolation point.

If the integrity of the isolation requires the use of barriers or shields then their

condition will be checked before the start of any work activity.

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Next Revision Date: 01/12/2005

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Page 15 of 23

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 25 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

De-isolation of Plant

9De-isolation of Plant

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Before plant is de-isolated the Area Authority shall ensure that all work is complete,

Formatted

all permits are cancelled, all covers and safety barriers have been replaced, the plant

has been tested and inspected and any relevant certification is completed. When the

Area Authority is satisfied and has checked that there are no other permits cross

referenced to the isolation, he will instruct the Isolation Authority to de-isolate the

plant.

In a Hazardous Areas before de-isolation, the plant must be inspected to ensure that

the equipment meets the requirements to prevent danger in the hazardous area,

commonly know as an EX inspection.

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

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Created on 04/02/2004 14:05

Page 15 of 23

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 27 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

Flowsheet Electrical Isolations

AA REQUESTS

ISOLATION

ELECTRICAL/ INSTRUMENT

NON-ELECTRICAL WORK

WORK

Formatted

WHAT TYPE

OF ISOLATION?

POSITEVELY IDENTIFY

EQUIPMENT, PREPARE

>1000V

<50V

WHAT VOLTAGE

ICC, ISOLATE CIRCUIT

LEVEL?

LOW ENERGY?

>50 & <1000

LOCK AND LABEL

COMPLETE ICC,

SINGLE

YES

CIRCUIT

RECORD ISOLATION IN

ISOLATION?

SWITCHROOM LOGBOOK

POSITEVELY IDENTIFY

EQUIPMENT, PREPARE

PREPARE

ICC, ISOLATE CIRCUIT

AND

YES

SINGLE

CIRCUIT

APPROVE

ISOLATION?

SWITCHING

PROGRAMME

PROVE DEAD

PREPARE

AND

APPROVE

SWITCHING

POSITEVELY IDENTIFY

PROGRAMME

EQUIPMENT, PREPARE

LOCK AND LABEL

ICC, ISOLATE CIRCUIT

IF POSSIBLE

POSITEVELY IDENTIFY

PROVE DEAD WITH

COMPLETE ICC

EQUIPMENT, PREPARE

APPROVED TEST UNIT

ICC, ISOLATE CIRCUIT

PROVE DEAD AT

DISCONNECT BY

POINT OF WORK

REMOVING FUSES AND

LINKS (INCL. NEUTRAL)

AUTO

EARTH?

LOCK AND LABEL

PROVE DEAD WITH

YES

APPROVED TEST UNIT

COMPLETE ICC,

RECORD ISOLATION IN

SWITCHROOM LOGBOOK

EARTH CIRCUIT

LOCK AND LABEL

PROVE DEAD AT

ALL ISOLAION POINTS

POINT OF WORK

COMPLETE ICC,

RECORD ISOLATION IN

SWITCHROOM LOGBOOK

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Next Revision Date: 01/12/2005

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Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 29 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

Appendix A: Abbreviations and Definitions

11Abbreviations and Definitions

Formatted

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Area Authority

AEP

Authorized Electrical Person

AIP

Authorized Instrument Person

BUL

Business Unit Leader

Competent isolator

CMAS

Competence Management Assurance System

Main conductor disconnected

Earth the isolated conductor

Isolating Authority

ICC

Isolation Control Certificate

Isolate

Ingress protection

SSOW

Safe System Of Work

Lock and Label

LTI

Long-term isolations

Prove dead with proprietary voltage tester

Performing Authority

REP

Responsible Electrical Person

SAEP

Senior Authorized Electrical Person

Authorized Switching Programme

Technical Authority

PTWW

Permit to Work

OIM

Offshore Installation Manager

OIM

Offshore Installation Manager

“High Voltage” voltages that exceed 1000Vac or

1500Vdc between conductors or

600Vac or

900Vdc between conductors and earth

“Low Voltage” is a voltage normally exceeding

extra low voltage by not exceeding 1000V ac or

1500 Vdc between conductors or

600Vac or

900Vdc between conductors and earth

ELV

“extra low voltage” Voltage which does not

exceed

50V ac rms between conductors or

between any conductor and earth, in a circuit

isolated from the supply be means such as a

safety isolating transformer or convertorconverter

with separate windings.

A voltage which does not exceed

50V dc

between conductors or any conductor and earth

in a circuit isolated from Higher voltage circuits

12References

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Hold

Authorization procedure

Hold

Electrical Safety Rules

BP CDZZZZ PM PRO 0002

Risk Assessments (Level 2 risk assessment)

UNIF -HSE-PRO-105

Work Site Risk Assessment

BP Golden Rules

Energy Isolation

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Page 15 of 23

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 31 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

13Appendix B: Applicable to ces

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

13.1Appendix A - Applicable to

Formatted

This document applies to the following job functions:

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Area Authority

Authorized Electrical Personnel

Authorized Instrument Personnel

Business Unit Leader

Document Controller

Electrical Technical Authority

Isolating Authority

OIM / Site Manager / Site Controller

Operations Engineer

Performing Authority

Responsible Electrical Person

Senior Authorized Electrical Personnel

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

Next Revision Date: 01/12/2005

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Created on 04/02/2004 14:05

Page 15 of 23

Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 32 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

Appendix C

13.2: Appendix B - Adjacent Working Assessment

Formatted

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

ADJACENT WORKING ASSESSMENT

(working adjacent to live conductors)

Sketch of Working Area

Is working position marked on sketch?

YES

Is the working area clear and free of debris?

YES

Are live adjacent voltages marked on sketch?

YES

Is shrouding IP rating marked on sketch?

YES

Size of smallest loose conductive component to be worked with?

Is the IP rating below the working area adequate to prevent any loose

YES

components being worked with falling on to live components?

Is the min IP protection IP2X or more?

YES

Position:

Date:

Name:

Signature:

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Next Revision Date: 01/12/2005

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Created on 04/02/2004 14:05

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Title: Energy Isolation -

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Formatted

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 34 of 45

Formatted

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

Formatted

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Formatted

ADJACENT WORKING ASSESSMENT

(working adjacent to live conductors)

IP - INGRESS PROTECTION

The IP classification system designates, by means of a number, the degree of

protection provided by an enclosure against impact or dust and water ingress.

Please note that the IP classification should not be construed as indicating corrosion

resistance.

Degrees of Protection to IEC 529

IP Classification list

IP0X

Non-protected.

IP1X

Protected against a solid object greater than 50mm, such as a hand.

IP2X

Protected against a solid object greater than 12mm, such as a finger.

IP3X

Protected against a solid object greater than 2.5mm, such as a tool or wire.

IP4X

Protected against a solid object greater than 1.0mm, such as wire or

thin strips.

IP5X

Dust-protected. Prevents ingress of dust sufficient to cause harm.

IP6X

Dust tight. No dust ingress.

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Title:

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Energy Isolation - Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 40 of 45

Dated: June, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Appendix E: DOperational Locking System

Formatted

Locking system for electrical equipment after energisation covering operations

and isolation control

Operational locks

Each switchboard will have a locking suite of unique locks for each locking point on

the switchgear these will be housed in a lock cabinet within the switch room. Access

to the locking suite will be controlled to suitably authorized persons.

The locks should be a high security type which are tamper proof. ( an example of such a

lock is the ABLOY high security padlocks). There should only be one key that fits a lock

in the isolation system (any spares or masters are to be removed and controlled by the

site manager who should only issue these keys after the REP has made a formal request

in writing)

AUTHORIZED ACCESS

ACCESS

AIP

AEP

SAEP

HV switchboard locking suite

YES

SINGLE CIRCUITS

LV switchboard locking suite

YES

SINGLE CIRCUITS

Control locks

YES

Operational Locking

Formatted

Operational locks will normally be applied to:

Local remote switches

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Manual close switches on circuit breakers

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Earth switches

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

Racking mechanisms

Formatted: Bullets and Numbering

The keys to these locks will be kept with the locking suite for the switchboard.

Isolation Locking

When the Area Authority requires an isolation to be locked off, a lock and key will be

taken from the switchboard-locking suite that the isolation is required for. Where

possible a multi-hasp will be used and the lock and label will be applied.

Once the locks are in place the keys will be returned with the ICC to the Area

Authority who will control the keys until a de-isolation or a sanction to test has been

approved.

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

Next Revision Date: 01/12/2005

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PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-106-C2

Title: Energy Isolation -

Electrical

Rev No: C2

Page 41 of 45

Dated: August, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Formatted

CASPIAN REGION: Electrical Isolation Standard

UNIF-HSE-PRC-001

Appendix FE - : Control of Electrical Work

START

ROUT INE

MODIFICAT ION

FA ULT REPO RT

MA INTENANCE

REFER TO PMP

SHEETS

FILE NO. E96437.CHT

UPDATED 07/11/00

IDENT IFY AND DOCUMENT THE EQUIPMENT, SCOPE O F WO RK ANDWORK

AND CIRCUITS TO BETO BE W ORKED ON

ARE THE

ENVIRONMENTAL

THERE A

O R CLIMATICO R CLIMATIC CONDIT IONS

POTENT IAL FO R

CO NSIDERED APPROPRIATE TO

YES

CO MMING INTO CONTACT

ALLOW THE WO RK TO BE

W ITH VOLTAGES

CA RRIED OUT SAFELYOUT SA FELY.

ABOVE THOSE

iI.e. W ET CONDIT IONS

IN BOX

O R LOCAL TO ANY

GAS RELEASE.

YES

BOX A

IS THE

CIRCUIT BEINGCIRCUIT BEING

CAN

WORKED ON, PART OF A

NO RMAL

CO NT ROL O R TELECOMMUNICAT ION

REFER TO

IDENT IFY AND ASSESS

DECIDE

POLICY OF

PLANT OPERATING AT LOW

RISKS AND METHODS

W HETHER IT

YES

DEAD WORKING

LIV E WORKING

FO R CONT ROLLING THEM

IS REASONABLE

VOLTAGES (<50v

PRO CEDURE

CO NSIDER ISOLATING

TO WORK

BE CA RRIED

BETWEEN ELECTRICA L

ADJACENT CIRCUITS

LIV E

OUT

CO NDUCTORS AND

EA RTH)

YES

WORKING DEAD

WORKING LIVE

DEAD WORKING

NECESSARY

DEFINE CIRCUIT

ISO LATION POINTS

DECIDE

W HETHER SUITABLE

YES

PRECAUTIONS CAN BE

ENSURE SUITABLE WO RKING

LIV E WORKING

TAKEN TO PREVENT INJURY

PRECAUTIONS ARE TAKEN

PERMITTED

(SHOCK, BURNS OR

AND THAT SUITABLE PROTECT IVE

IGNIT ION SOURCES)

EQUIPMENT IS USED

CUT O FF SUPPLY AND

SPECIFY SYSTEMS OF W ORK

REFER BP

ISO LATE SECURE ISOLATION

PRO CEDURES

ENSURE ADEQUATE WORKING

SECURE KEYS AS PER

SPACE ACCESS & LIGHT ING,

SSOW SYSTEMS

SPECIFY LEVEL OF SUPERV ISION

REST RICT ACCESS TO A REA

AND W HETHER ACCOMPANIMENT

O F LIVE WORK AND

NECESSARY

POST DANGER SIGNS.

REFER HS(HS (G) 85

POST WARNING SIGNS

NOTE 1

AS REQUIRED

NO LIVE WORKING TO TAKE PLACE ON

SYSTEMS OVER 750 VOLTS

SELECT ACCESSAND INSTRUCT

EXCEPT FOR DIAGNOSTIC TESTING AND PROVING DEAD

CO MPETENT PERSONS

TAKE PRECAUTION AGAINST

ADJACENT LIVE PA RTS

W HERE NECESSARY

ENSURE CIRCUIT O R EQUIPMENT

(LIMITED ACCESS)

DEAD. IN APPROVED MANNER

NOTE 2

THE DECISION ON W HETHER LIVE WORKING

DEFINE HAZARDS AND MITIGATION

MAY TAKE PLACE IS THE RESPONSIBILITY

APPLY CIRCUIT EA RTHS

(REFER SSOW PROCEDURES)

O F THE RESPONSIBLE ELECTRICA L PERSON, AND

ENSURE ACCOMPANIEMENT IS

W HERE NECESSARY

ENSURE USE O F SUITABLE

MUST BE AGREED W ITH THE PERSON CARRY ING

PROTECT IVE EQUIPMENT

PROVIDED. ACCOMPANIEMENT TO BE

OUT THE WORK.

SUITABLY TRAINED IN FIRST A ID

AND TO A TECHNICA L LEVEL

TAKING PRECAUTION

AGA INST LIVE PARTS W HERE

NECESSARY (LIMITED ACCESS)

SYSTEMATIC

CHECKS/ AUDITS

(SSOW PROCEDURES)

ENSURE W CC USED

ENSURE PTW

ISSUED

IMPLEMENT

WORK MAY

DEAD

DEAD OR

LIV E

PRO CEED

LIV E WORKING

W ITH CAUTION

WORK MAY

PRO CEDURES

PRO CEED

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Page 23 of 25

Title: Energy Isolation - Process

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-107-C2

Rev No: C2

Page 2 of 36

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1.1

PURPOSE

1.2

DEVIATIONS

1.3

SCOPE

1.4

DOCUMENT REVIEW

1.5

SSOW SPECIFIC CROSS REFERENCES

1.6

BP GOLDEN RULES

1.7

LANGUAGE FACILITATION

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1

PERFORMANCE UNIT LEADER

2.2

ASSET MANAGER

2.3

OIM / SITE CONTROLLER (SC) / ONSHORE SITE MANAGER (OSM)

2.4

AREA AUTHORITY (AA)

2.5

ISOLATING AUTHORITY (IA)

2.6

PERFORMING AUTHORITY

2.7

MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL

2.8

THE ONSHORE SUPPORT ENGINEER

2.9

CUSTODIAN

MONITORING AND AUDITING OF ISOLATIONS

3.1

MONITORING

3.2

SELF-REGULATION AND AUDIT

COMPETENCY, TRAINING AND AWARENESS

4.1

GENERAL

4.2

LEVELS OF TRAINING

THE ISOLATION CONFIRMATION CERTIFICATION (ICC) PROCESS10

5.1

GENERAL

ISOLATION REVIEW AND LEVEL 2 RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS11

6.1

REVIEW AND RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS

6.2

REJECTION OF ISOLATION DESIGN

6.3

RISK ASSESSMENT OF NON-COMPLIANT ISOLATIONS

6.4

RISK ASSESSMENT RECORDS

6.5

HAZARDOUS WORK

TYPES OF ISOLATIONS

7.1

BOUNDARY ISOLATIONS

7.2

LONG-TERM ISOLATIONS

7.3

PERSONAL ISOLATIONS

7.4

ADDITIONAL ISOLATIONS

7.5

ISOLATION FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY

7.6

PROVISION FOR ISOLATIONS DURING MODIFICATION OF DESIGN AND NEW FACILITIES 14

REGISTERS

RECORDS

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Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

INTRODUCTION

1.1

PURPOSE

This purpose of this document is to ensure there is clarity to the detailed requirements that

applies to the preparation for isolationand reinstatement of process, utility and drilling systems.

A glossary of the terms used in the document is given in Appendix A.

1.2

DEVIATIONS

The procedures are written in sufficient detail that they should be able to be applied consistently

at all sites. There may still be the requirement for some local rules covering site-specific

logistical/administrative arrangements and local variations in responsibilities to reflect

differences in organisational arrangements. These local rules should not deviate from the core

processes within this document. Any form of deviation from this procedure, including but not

limited to local rules, shall be requested and authorised in accordance with the SSOW

Deviations from Regulations and Procedures procedure (Doc. No. UNIF-HSE-PRO-101)

1.3

SCOPE

The scope covers defined activities of BP and Contractors at all BP AzBU sites and installations.

1.4

DOCUMENT REVIEW

This document will be reviewed on an annual basis when users from the sites will have an

opportunity to propose changes to the existing processes and procedures. The document

Technical Authority will be responsible for coordinating this review.

1.5

SSOW SPECIFIC CROSS REFERENCES

This SSOW procedure shall, where appropriate, be used in conjunction with this suite of BP

AzBU SSOW Procedures referenced below.

Document Number

Title of Procedure

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 101

Deviations from Regulations and Procedures

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 102

Incident Investigation and Reporting

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 103

Permit To Work

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 104

Authorisation

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 105

Task Risk Assessment

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 106

Energy Isolations-Electrical

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 107

Energy Isolations-Process

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 108

Confined Space Entry

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 241

Leak Testing

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1.6

BP GOLDEN RULES

Energy Isolation is one of BP‟s Golden Rules. It states that:

“Any isolation of energy systems: mechanical, electrical, process, hydraulic and others, cannot

proceed unless:

 The method of isolation and discharge of stored energy are agreed and executed by a

competent person(s)

 Any Stored energy is discharged

 A system of locks and tags is utilised at isolation points

 A test is conducted to ensure the isolation is effective

 Isolation effectiveness is periodically monitored”

1.7

LANGUAGE FACILITATION

Due to the various languages spoken at site, there is a necessity to assist all with “an ease of

understanding”. Therefore, the development and use of information tools are available.

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ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

2.1

PERFORMANCE UNIT LEADER

The Performance Unit Leader is responsible for operating in accordance with this document and

for the self-regulation of compliance.

2.2

ASSET MANAGER

The Asset Managers are responsible for:

 Ensuring that the Processes applied at their sites are authorised by them prior to

implementation

 Periodic internal review

2.3

OFFSHORE INSTALLATION MANAGER (OIM) / SITE CONTROLLER (SC) / ONSHORE SITE

MANAGER (OSM)

The OIM/Site Controller/Site Manager is responsible for ensuring that those performing the roles

of Area Authority, Isolating Authority and Performing Authority are competent to do so and have

overall responsibility for the implementation of the Permit to Work and isolation procedures at

their site. They are responsible for:

 Ensuring the operation and assurance of the isolation procedure at their site, acting

upon all recommendations and proposing system improvements

 Authorising the Area Authority and Isolating Authority (in writing) as competent to

carry out their responsibilities within the Permit To Work and isolations procedures

 Maintaining a control log of all authorised personnel. Details of this control log are

included in UNIF-HSE-PRO-104 Authorisation.

 Communicating the responsibilities of key participants within the isolations procedures

to those personnel under their direction

 Approving all Level 2 Risk Assessments undertaken for non-compliant isolations

 Ensuring the required competent personnel are available at the installation to carry

out isolation activities.

 Ensuring that plant and equipment isolations are subjected to the appropriate level of

self-regulation and audit.

2.4

AREA AUTHORITY (AA)

The Area Authority is responsible for approving the isolation design, providing assurance that

the design achieves the highest quality of isolation reasonably practicable. He/She can delegate

the detailed isolation design to an Isolating Authority. The Area Authority is then responsible for

authorising the work to proceed under the appropriate controls. They are responsible for:

 Ensuring only authorized personnel perform isolations

 Advising the OIM/Site Controller on Isolating Authority (IA) competence

 Ensuring isolation specification, application, removal, certification and security are

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Originating Dept: HSE

accomplished in accordance with this procedure

 Facilitating the Risk Assessment process in accordance with UNIF-HSE-PRO-103 Task

Risk Assessment

 Approving all Energy Isolations

 The weekly review and quarterly audit of long-term isolations

 The control of all lock-off devices and tags involved with isolations.

2.5

ISOLATING AUTHORITY (IA)

The Isolating Authority is responsible for:

 The specification, application, removal and recording of Energy Isolations in support of a

Permit to Work

 The design of process isolation when requested by the Area Authority. When designing

the isolation the Isolating Authority must agree the scope and content of isolation with

appropriate personnel e.g. the Performing Authority.

 Isolating specific sections of plant or items of equipment to the highest quality and

security of isolation, which is reasonably practicable.

 Demonstrating to the Performing Authority the integrity of the Energy Isolations

 Monitoring of isolations in-place

2.6

PERFORMING AUTHORITY

The Performing Authority is the person charged with the responsibility of carrying out the work

and has the right to request demonstration of the integrity of any isolation. They are responsible

for checking that Energy Isolations `have been implemented in accordance with the isolation

specification before starting work.

2.7

MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL

Maintenance personnel work under the direction of the Isolating Authority and are responsible

for installing the means of isolation (e.g., spades) and removing equipment / pipe work (e.g.,

spool pieces) taking into consideration the equipment rating and service.

2.8

THE ONSHORE SUPPORT ENGINEER

The Onshore Support Engineer is responsible for providing engineering advice and guidance to

the Area Authority.

2.9

CUSTODIAN

The custodian of this document is the Technical Authority for Energy Isolations Process. The TA

is responsible for ensuring that an annual review of this document is carried out.

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Originating Dept: HSE

MONITORING AND AUDITING OF ISOLATIONS

3.1

MONITORING

The integrity of each isolation point shall be monitored at suitable intervals to detect any actual

leakage or deterioration in condition caused, for example, by vibration or disturbance

(or

changing pressure upstream). This monitoring may involve partial testing of valve isolations as

suggested in Appendix D. The minimum recommended frequency of monitoring is once per shift

and immediately prior to breaking containment. The results of any monitoring of isolation

integrity shall be recorded and will form part of the shift handover.

3.2

SELF-REGULATION AND AUDIT

Each Business Asset shall:

 Undertake internal audits of the operation of Energy Isolations at each site.

 Maintain an Audit Register.

 Have in place a system for tracking recommendations through to closeout.

 Periodically review isolation-related activities including review of individual isolations and

the overall isolation process. Such reviews may also include.

o General compliance with this document and any local procedures

o The Level 2 Risk Assessment of non-compliant isolation and the extent of any

approved deviations

o A register of competent Isolating Authorities.

The use of a standard audit checklist is recommended, to allow comparison with externals audit

results. Audits, which are independent of the location, shall be carried out and will form part of

the Site Safety Adviser‟s audit programme and the HSE compliance assurance programme.

The recommended frequency of audit is as follows:

Installation /Site personnel

1 permit and isolation confirmation (ICC) certificate per day

Site Safety Adviser

1 permit and isolation confirmation (ICC) certificate per week

Site Manager/Controller

1 permit and isolation confirmation (ICC) certificate per month

Note: Audits should be a cross section of activities ongoing i.e. hot work, cold work, and spark

potential. Installation / Site personnel should carry out audits of individual tasks covering both

the PTW and the Isolation Confirmation Certificate (ICC) on a regular basis.

Site Managers shall carry out regular internal reviews of the findings of Energy Isolation

Certificates, to ensure that any critical failings in the system, or its manner of implementation,

have been identified and appropriate actions have been or will be taken.

The BU HSE Department as part of their audit schedule shall carry out Energy Isolation audits.

Such audits shall examine a cross section of at least 20 Energised Isolations together with

compliance to this procedure and any deviations in place.

The results of the audit shall be discussed with Management and issued for information and

action as appropriate.

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Originating Dept: HSE

4 COMPETENCY, TRAINING AND AWARENESS

4.1

GENERAL

All personnel involved in Energy Isolations-Process shall be trained and deemed competent.

The competency of all relevant personnel shall be determined during the planning process for

any particular risk assessment. The Area Authority and/or Line Supervisor shall ensure that the

personnel involved in the activity have the correct competencies by examining records, or

requesting individuals to produce relevant certification.

4.2

LEVELS OF TRAINING

A training programme providing initial and refresher training and trainee assessment on the

contents of this document shall be carried out involving all personnel responsible for the

specification, approval, application and recording of process isolations.

The competency requirements for energy isolations - process for the key positions within this

document are as follows:

Area Authority, OIM/Site Controller/Onshore Site Manager, Department Heads

Theory in Energy Isolations-Process :1 day classroom, followed

Initial training

by 1 day Workplace Assessment Practical.

Practical or CBT (2 yearly), or if away from site/installation for

Refresher training

more than 12 months

Isolating Authorities

Practical in Energy Isolations-Process - 1 day classroom, 1 day

Initial training

Workplace Assessment

Practical Workplace Assessment: Before being deemed

competent to carry out process isolating duties, the Isolating

Authority must have been assessed at the workplace by a

competent Assessor. The Isolating Authority shall demonstrate

by practical example that he is competent ito design and

implement process isolations. The process for carrying out

workplace assessments is described in the workplace

Assessment Plan (see Appendix F)

Practical or CBT (2 yearly), or if away from site/installation for

Refresher training

more than 12 months

In special circumstances such as drilling operations, individuals can be assessed as competent

isolators for specific items of equipment providing that they have completed the formal training

and have been assessed as competent on the specific tasks. Site management is responsible

for ensuring that this is recorded so that it is clear which tasks these individuals are competent

to undertake.

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THE ISOLATION CONFIRMATION CERTIFICATION (ICC) PROCESS

5.1

GENERAL

Where isolations are required an Isolation Confirmation Certificate (ICC) must be completed as

detailed in the Permit To Work (PTW) procedure.

The Isolation Confirmation Certificate supports the Permit to Work by providing the means of:

 Recording the isolations which are required before the task detailed on the associated

Permit to Work can proceed

 Confirming that the isolations have been made for the task to proceed (subject to

authorisation of other certificates e.g., Confined Space Entry)

 Authorisation and recording of de-isolations and isolations which may be required to

test equipment under a Sanction To Test (STT)

 Authorisation and recording of de-isolation on completion of the task detailed on the

associated Permit to Work.

Note: The Isolation Confirmation Certificate (ICC) must be completed before the relevant

Permit to Work can be issued

The Area Authority, IA and Authorised Electrical Persons involved must be fully informed of the

plant, equipment or system to be worked upon and the scope of work to be carried out under

each permit where isolations are required. Marked-up Process & Instrument Diagrams and site

checks must be utilised to ensure that the plant, equipment or system is clearly identified for

isolation.

When each isolation is complete, the Isolating Authority/Authorised Electrical Person enters the

isolation details onto the Isolation Confirmation Certificate. The certificate must be cross-

referenced to the initial permit and any subsequent permits that utilise the same isolations.

Note: The Isolation Confirmation Certificate is raised before the permit is issued, and remains

in force (as a minimum) until the permit is cancelled.

The Isolation Certificate shall only be cancelled when “WORK is COMPLETE”. The Area

Authority can then sign the “CANCELLATION” section.

A single individual may not define and approve the design of energy isolations. The

Isolating Authorities are responsible for designing the isolation but must liase with the

Area Authority, Support Engineer (where applicable) and Performing Authority on the

scope, content and application method of proposed isolations.

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ISOLATION REVIEW AND LEVEL 2 RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS

6.1

REVIEW AND RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS

Where an isolation cannot achieve the standard detailed in Energy Isolations Process the Area

Authority or Support Engineer is responsible for commencing the Isolation Review and Risk

Assessment:

As a minimum, the Area Authority or Support Engineer together with the Isolating Authority, and

the Performing Authority complete a Risk Assessment. There must be three members minimum

for a Level 2 Risk Assessment.

The completed Risk Assessment shall be submitted to the OIM/Site Controller/Site Manager

who will, if necessary, discuss and clarify the isolation design with the team. If accepted, the

OIM/Site Controller/Site Manager shall approve the Risk Assessment.

When a satisfactory method of achieving isolation is agreed, isolations are planned, carried out

and documented in accordance with the methodology described in the Permit To Work

procedure, Energy Isolations Process procedure and the Task Risk Assessment procedure.

6.2

REJECTION OF ISOLATION DESIGN

Under no circumstances where the Isolation Review procedure is used, shall any proposed

isolation design be carried out without the agreement of the team involved in the Risk

Assessment.

Where the proposed isolation design is reviewed by the OIM/Site Controller/Site Manager and

rejected, new proposals in accordance with the Process Isolation Selection Chart shall be

proposed, or a new Risk Assessment Record sheet submitted.

Note: No amendments or additions to the Risk Assessment Record sheet shall be made.

6.3

RISK ASSESSMENT OF NON-COMPLIANT ISOLATIONS

In the event that the minimum recommended isolation standard cannot be achieved, a Level 2

Risk Assessment shall be carried out according to the following guidelines:

 The assessment team shall specify appropriate safeguards, which may replace or be in

addition to those listed in Table 1 (Appendix B). The team shall be satisfied that these

safeguards shall reduce the risks to an acceptable level before the Level 2 Risk

Assessment is submitted to the OIM/SC/SM for the task requiring isolation is permitted to

proceed

 When risk assessing non-compliant isolations, consideration shall be given to the risks

associated with swinging large spades compared with the risk associated with the lower

level of isolation

 Consideration shall be given to: extended monitoring periods, prior to breaking

containment, reducing the duration of the tasks, provision of a permanent standby man,

development of a contingency plan for isolation failure.

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 Full consideration shall be given to the alternatives including partial or full production

shutdown or deferral of the work

 The recommendations from the Level 2 Risk Assessment shall be approved by the

OIM/Site Controller who may also recommend further review by technical specialists or

management before taking the decision on whether to proceed with the work

6.4

RISK ASSESSMENT RECORDS

The Risk Assessment shall be attached to the appropriate Permit(s).

6.5

HAZARDOUS WORK

Where hazardous or potentially hazardous work such as spading, removing a section of

pipeline, or electrical disconnection is required, a permit must be raised to carry out the isolation.

TYPES OF ISOLATIONS

There are varying types of isolations, which are described within this section. These include:

 Boundary Isolations

 Long Term Isolation

 Personal Isolations

 Additional Isolations

 Isolation for Confined Space Entry

7.1

BOUNDARY ISOLATIONS

Where an area of plant is isolated such that several activities can safely take place within this

common set of strategically placed isolation points then this can be termed as a 'Boundary

Isolation'. It must be clearly identified that the isolation is appropriate for all the individual tasks to

be carried out against the Boundary Isolation. An Isolation Certificate is raised and identified, as

Boundary Isolation and all individual PTW are cross-referenced to this Boundary Isolation.

If any of the proposed tasks requires a level of isolation or implementation of control measures

greater than that covered by the Boundary then a separate Isolation Certificate should be raised

for this task.

Once work is in progress and subsequent PTW is applied for within the recognised framework of

the Boundary Isolation, they can be added providing it is clearly established that the existing

isolation is appropriate for the task. However, this should be avoided if possible and it is

preferable to identify all activities when the Boundary Isolation is being planned.

Entry to a confined space within a boundary requires separate Isolation and a Confined Space

Entry Certificate to be raised.

No isolations within Boundary isolation shall be removed until all applicable PTW having been

cancelled.

If for any reason work on a particular piece of plant within the Boundary needs to be suspended

(e.g. whilst awaiting spares) then a separate isolation shall be implemented and an ICC raised

before the Boundary Isolation can be cancelled.

Where the de-isolation of boundary isolations is proposed, an isolation review team that

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includes an Area Authority shall ensure that all associated PTW have been cancelled. They

should also ensure that equipment within the boundary is in a safe condition.

7.2

LONG-TERM ISOLATIONS

Long-term isolations are defined as those that no longer have work performed against them.

Each site should maintain a detailed register of long-term isolations.

Long-term isolations shall be subject to two levels of review:

 A weekly review of the register to check the status of the isolations in place and

whether they should be removed or replaced by a plant modification

 A quarterly audit to physically check all the isolation points to confirm their security and

integrity

Before any work is recommenced against a long-term isolation, a full integrity check of the

valved isolation shall be carried out.

7.3

PERSONAL ISOLATIONS

Personal isolations are intended for short duration tasks of relatively low risk; for example

replacing pressure gauges, filters or small valves, or other such tasks where the completion of

an ICC is considered to add no significant value in terms of risk reduction. The rules for approval

of a personal isolation are as follows:

 The task and isolation are performed by one person within one shift; the person may

receive assistance from others but he shall be present at all times when work is in

progress

 Before approval, the Area Authority must be satisfied with the competence of the

Performing Authority to both carry out the isolation and execute the work. Personal

isolations shall only be carried out by those deemed to be a competent Isolating

Authority. Where an isolation involves competency in more than one discipline eg

electrical, mechanical, instrument or process, personal isolation is only permissible if

the Performing Authority has all the appropriate isolating competencies

 The same isolation standards apply to personal isolations other than the completion of

the ICC

 The isolation points shall be labelled with a personal isolation label and locked

 If the worksite is left unattended, the plant shall be left safe, including capping or

plugging of any open ends

An ICC shall be raised whenever these conditions are not adhered to.

7.4

ADDITIONAL ISOLATIONS

An individual Isolation Confirmation Certificate must be completed for each Permit to Work

requiring isolations; unless isolations are controlled by a Boundary Isolation Certificate. Where

working within a defined boundary, further isolations may not be required. However, where

additional isolations are identified, an Isolation Confirmation Certificate will be required.

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7.5

ISOLATION FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY

Positive isolation shall be effected on all live lines for any task requiring entry to a vessel or

confined space. Spool removal is to be preferred, although spade isolation may be used where

it is not reasonably practicable to remove pipework sections. It should be noted that in some

cases it may not be reasonably practicable to comply with this requirement in making entry to

mud tanks, pump pits, ballast tanks, or other utility systems. Here, a Level 2 Risk Assessment

shall be undertaken and approval obtained from the OIM or Site Controller before entry can be

permitted under work control.

Vessel nozzles should normally be left open to assist with free ventilation. Air movers or ducted

fans may also be used to create a flow of clean air through the vessel. If there is any likelihood

of fumes, water or other contaminant entering the vessel from sources other than the isolated

pipework while persons are inside, the need to blank off any affected nozzles shall be

considered. Blanks used for this purpose do not need to be pressure-rated. However non-

pressure rated blanks shall be clearly identified by either a tag, painted circumference or other

marking. In the case of tanks with „swan necks‟, mechanical plugs may be an option, to prevent

ingress of fumes, etc.

The manway doors on a vessel being prepared for entry shall be removed last and reinstalled

first to reduce the risk of unauthorised entry.

Further details on confined space entry are given in UNIF-HSE-PRO-108

7.6

PROVISION FOR ISOLATIONS DURING MODIFICATION OF DESIGN AND NEW FACILITIES

In relation to existing Installations and Sites:

 The design of all modifications and new facilities shall include a review of the provision of

means of isolation for maintenance to ensure compliance with this document

 Such reviews shall address both isolations within the modified/new facilities and any

opportunities to upgrade existing isolation facilities where these are inadequate

 New valves supplied as part of a modification or as a replacement shall be provided with

a facility to lock off in the open or closed position

7.7

ISOLATION OF HIGH PRESSURE SMALL BORE PIPING

When isolating small bore piping consideration shall be given to the pipe connection to the

isolating valve to ensure that there is no possibility of the security of the fitting being dislodged

during disconnection or reconnection of any pipe work used for invasive maintenance. In

addition to the isolation type consideration needs to be given to the integrity of the system

fittings/connections (i.e. Swagelocks).

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Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

REGISTERS

All Isolation Confirmation Certificates (ICCs) shall be registered on the Isolation Confirmation

Certificate Register, which is maintained by the Area Authority(s). Where a site has more than

one Area Authority, the nominated responsible Site Isolating Authority (IA) Co-ordinator shall

assume overall control of the Register.

RECORDS

When all the isolations have been implemented, the Area Authority signs and dates the Isolation

Confirmation Certificate. He then records the Isolation Confirmation Certificate number on the

permit. The Control Room Operator and/or the Permit Coordinator may also perform this where

they are appointed.

Isolation Confirmation Certificates shall be accessible to each Area Authority and are held in the

vicinity of the Control Room for ease of monitoring each area.

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Originating Dept: HSE

APPENDIX A - DEFINITIONS & ABBREVIATIONS

Auto Ignition

The temperature at which a flammable substance would auto ignite

without an external ignition source

Competent

A person who, by reason of his or her training, knowledge, experience

Person

and judgment is considered by management to be capable of planning

and supervising the safe isolation of plant.

Confined Space

A “confined space” is any enclosed space or partially enclosed space

which is large enough that an employee can bodily enter it and perform

assigned work, has limited or restricted means of entry or exit,

unfavourable natural ventilation and is not designed for continuous

occupancy.

The general definition of “confined space” shows that many types of

spaces may be considered confined and therefore hazardous - large

pipelines, tanks, vessels, separators, ducts, sewers, mud, pits, flues,

manholes and voids between modules and in legs on offshore

installations.

The definition also includes any space in which dangerous levels of

contaminants can accumulate and ventilation is restricted, e.g.

excavations (normally deeper than 1.2m), the space above floating

roofs on floating roof tanks, open topped tanks, closed or unventilated

rooms, sumps and culverts and any other poorly ventilated areas.

Hazardous Utility

Corrosive, toxic or irritant chemical fluid, e.g., nitrogen, steam or hot

water, drilling mud, diesel oil, Aviation Turbine Kerosene, and other

fluids that could have an environmental impact.

Isolation

A method of preventing the passage of fluids through connecting pipe

work and the disconnection of all forms of motive power in order to

allow safe access to allow intrusive equipment maintenance.

Isolation

This combines in one document a record of all isolations required for a

Confirmation

task to be carried out safely.

Certificate

Long Term

An isolation that remains in place after permit to work cancellation, and

Isolation

recorded as “Long Term”. A register is maintained of all Long Term

Isolations

Mothballed

Equipment that has been taken out of service, and will not be used in

the near future. The equipment is disconnected from all energy

sources. No isolation is required.

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Non-hazardous

Cold water, air, etc.

Utility

Performing

These terms shall have the meanings assigned to them in UNIF-HSE-

Authority, Area

PRO-104 Authorisation.

Authority and

Isolating

Authority

Positive Isolation

Isolation by means of a fixed barrier, such as a blank flange (following

spool removal), blind plate or spectacle plate, bolted or clamped in

place and conforming to the pipe work specification, which provides an

equivalent standard of containment to the pipe work in which it is

installed.

Process Fluid

Well fluids, live crude, stabilised crude, gas, NGL or any other

produced fluid containing hydrocarbon gas or liquid. H₂S, Naturally

Occurring Radio-active Material or hydrates may also be present.

Reasonably

This term implies that an evaluation of costs versus benefits must be

Practicable

made. Where the cost or difficulty of a precaution is grossly out of

proportion to the reduction in risk likely to be achieved by implementing

the precaution, the precaution can be considered not reasonably

practicable.

Any additional risks that may arise while installing or removing the

precaution must also be taken into consideration in determining what is

reasonably practicable.

Secondary

A method of isolation normally used only to support process isolation

means of

involving valves, with the objective being process isolation, e.g.,

isolation

isolation of an actuator before isolating the appropriate valve, or

isolation of an emergency shutdown panel, providing a closed signal to

a valve, disconnecting the actuator air supply and then isolating the

appropriate valve.

Spade

A physical obstruction to flow whose design characteristics are the

same as the plant, equipment and

/ or systems into which the

obstruction is inserted, e.g., a spade, spectacle blind or line blind.

Toxic Material

Material, which can cause harm by means of inhalation, ingestion or

absorption.

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Originating Dept: HSE

APPENDIX B - ISOLATION STANDARDS

General

Experience has shown that for most types of fluid hazard, isolation by valves alone can be

adequate if used in conjunction with certain additional mandatory safeguards, appropriate to

the level of risk, to ensure effectiveness and security.

Minimum recommended isolation standards have been developed and should be referred to

when designing process isolation where it is not reasonably practicable to achieve positive

isolation (refer to Table 1). The minimum standard also identifies mandatory safeguards,

which the Area Authority is responsible for putting in place to reduce the risk level to as low

as reasonably practicable.

For short-term operational tasks such as corrosion coupon retrieval or filter replacements,

where no positive isolation is practicable or where the job duration is shorter than the time to

install positive isolation, then the „V‟ value from Table 1 can be considered as the minimum

recommended isolation standard. These tasks shall be conducted using a Permit and a local

operating procedure.

Note 1:

Any proposed isolation, which deviates from those shown in Table

(Appendix B), must be subject to an Isolation Review and a Level 2 Risk

Assessment.

Note 2:

Isolation against a tested single valve is permissible while swinging a

spectacle blind, inserting a spade or fitting a blank flange to achieve a positive

isolation.

Positive isolation is regarded as the most secure method and shall be considered when

planning maintenance work. It is mandatory for entry into confined spaces

Positive Isolation is also recommended in the following situations, in view of the additional

security it offers:

 Long duration isolations, eg more than one week

 Where equipment is to be removed from service, and all energy sources

disconnected

 Where naked flame hot work is to be undertaken

 For process fluids at or above auto-ignition temperature

When breaking containment in systems likely to contain toxic material

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Table 1 Minimum Recommended Isolation Standards for Predetermined Risk Levels

Fluid Type

Operating Pressure

<10barg

>10barg <55barg

>55barg

Process fluids and

V = SVI

V = SVI+B

V = DBB+A

hazardous utilities

I = SVI+A

I = DBB+B

Non-hazardous utilities

V = SVI

V = SVI+A

V = SVI+B

I = SVI

I = SVI+B

I = DBB+B

Valve configuration required to permit the installation of blank flanges and spades

(positive isolation)

Valve configuration required to permit carrying out intrusive maintenance without

positive isolation

Use mandatory safeguards as on List A

Use mandatory safeguards as on List B

SVI

Single Valve Isolation

DBB Double Block and Bleed

Mandatory Safeguards

Category A

Category B

(Low Risk)

(High Risk)

Continuous gas monitoring (for hydrocarbon systems only)

Pressure build-up to test valve integrity

Regular monitoring of isolation integrity

Control and prevent nearby work

Operations Technician in attendance

Radio link to control room when breaking containment

Develop contingency plan against leakage

Identify backup isolation valves, shutdown systems etc

Minimise task time

Portable fire-fighting equipment available (for hydrocarbon

systems only)

Minimise possibility of plant disturbance

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Originating Dept: HSE

APPENDIX C - GUIDANCE NOTES

C1 ISOLATION PLANNING

C1.1 Isolation Planning

Isolation of any piece of equipment shall be planned such that the risk of removing it from

service and then reinstating it on completion of the work is minimised. The Flowchart

(Appendix E) should be referred to when planning any isolation. All isolations shall be

designed according to the standards set out in Appendix B (including Table 1).

The following key points should also be considered:



Plant and equipment isolation requirements should be identified early in the work

planning cycle for the Installation or site so that adequate time can be made

available for formal risk assessment, should it become necessary. Where

necessary, reference shall be made to the Installation or site Operations Safety

Manual (OSM) and the identification of high-risk areas



A boundary isolation may be put in place to cover several planned activities in an

area of plant. The Isolation Certificate shall describe the scope of work planned

and the Permits for these jobs shall be cross-referred to the same Isolation

Certificate



The need for good access and egress to allow isolations to be effected



Isolations should be as close to the vessel or worksite as possible, to assist in

security and ease of monitoring



Preparation for isolation involving draining, flushing, purging and venting of process

pipe-work shall be conducted under the Safe System of Work (SSOW) according

to the appropriate procedures for the task and including the appropriate isolation



Amendments shall not normally be made to isolations in place other than to allow

testing of equipment prior to return to service. Amendments may be made to

improve the integrity of the isolation with the approval of the Area Authority. The

reason for the amendment shall be recorded and the Performing Authority advised

of the change



Pressure relief valves shall only be isolated following the provision of an alternative

means of pressure relief

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C1.2 Isolation Methods

The highest quality of isolation which is reasonably practicable shall be applied to every

individual isolation point. The methods of isolation normally available are detailed below,

listed in decreasing order of security and effectiveness.

C1.2.1 Positive Isolation

Positive isolation may be affected by either of the following:

 Spool removal - removal of pipework section and bolting/clamping blank flanges

rated for full line design pressure onto live ends

 Spade isolation - witnessed insertion between bolted or clamped flanges of a blind

plate; swinging of a spectacle plate. Any such insertion must be rated to the pipe

design specification. The insertion of spades shall be witnessed by the competent

Isolating Authority

C1.2.2 Double Block and Bleed

Double Block and Bleed (DBB) consists of the closure of two block valves in series with an

intermediate bleed valve. The integrity of both valves shall be tested separately and the

bleed valve will then be left in the closed position, with periodic integrity checks. The Area

Authority shall specify how frequently this bleed valve is opened to check for pressure

buildup. As a minimum this shall include:

 Prior to the issue and/or revision of a PTW

 At the start of every work period (this includes after any form of work break

between normal periods of work).

 Continuous monitoring during any breaking of containment activity (including but

not limited to, the removal of spools, pumps, valves; the insertion of spades)

Emergency Shutdown (ESD) valves may be used as part of a DBB isolation, providing they

can be reliably immobilised.

Single valves of a type which provide a double seal in a single body and with a bleed

between the seals are also acceptable. Examples of such valves are suitably specified

double wedge gate, parallel expanding gate, double seating ball valves, etc, but not double

piston seal ball valves where the cavity pressure provides the downstream positive seal.

Where double-seal single valves are used, additional identification of the isolation on the

valve SHALL BE INCLUDED, as full loss of isolation will occur on inadvertant valve

operation. Additional means of identification for this type of valve shall be two (2) appropriate

locking devices. Each shall be individually labelled and identified appropriately as “Upstream

Isolation” and “Downstream Isolation”. Both shall be recorded on the ICC and be sequentially

numbered.

It should be noted that „standard‟ ball valves do not provide a double seal. In such cases it is

important to note that the integrity of the isolation is critically dependent upon the security of a

single valve operating stem. Also, it is not normally possible to perform a full integrity test as

the two seals cannot be applied independently.

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C1.2.3 Single Valve Isolation

Single Valve Isolation (SVI) consists of the closure of a single block valve. A measure of

additional security can be achieved by closing several valves in series but the absence of a

bleed or vent in the intervening volume means that this method must be classified as SVI.

The hazard of trapped pressure due to thermal expansion may be created in this case.

Any valve used for SVI must provide a reliable seal. Non-return valves, flow control valves

and other valves which may not provide tight shut-off must not be used.

C1.2.4 Other Isolation Devices

Devices such as mechanically expanded plugs, stopple bags or frozen plugs shall not be

used as primary forms of isolation, except where the application has been properly

engineered, risk assessed and approved by the appropriate Technical Authority.

Conventional mechanical plugs or stopple bags may be used as a vapour or liquid seal to

contain and direct to vent any small amounts of vapour. Flammable vapour monitors shall be

used where the presence of vapour could create a hazard.

In all cases, contingency measures against injury or damage caused by sudden ejection of

the isolation device shall be put in place.

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C1.3 Precautions when Breaking Containment

The key safeguards for both low-risk and high-risk isolations (refer to Appendix B Table1

Categories A and B respectively) are the pressure buildup tests on the integrity of each valve

immediately prior to breaking containment, together with the appropriate level of regular

monitoring of the isolation integrity. The Area Authority shall control and prevent nearby work

and ensure continuous gas monitoring at the worksite. An Operations Technician shall be

present during breaking containment and any other critical phases of the task.

Isolations with Category B safeguards require additional control and contingency measures.

The key additional safeguards are to minimise the task duration, ensure plant stability and to

develop a contingency plan against leakage.

The contingency plan shall consider the following:

 How to respond to a leakage

 Identifying additional isolation valves and the expected action if the isolation fails

 Knowing the position of the local ESD facilities

Firefighting equipment shall be readily available and the work party shall be in radio contact

with the control room.

Other precautions that should be considered when breaking containment are as follows:

 Consideration should be given to hot bolting flanges prior to the operation and all

materials for the job shall be available at the job site

 Bolts are to be slackened off in the correct sequence. No bolts shall be removed

until they have all been slackened and the joint cracked, and until it has been

confirmed that the line contents will not be released in an uncontrolled manner and

any appropriate gas testing has been carried out

 Particular care shall be taken with clamp lock type fittings. With nuts slackened, the

fitting should be physically dislodged to confirm there is no residual pressure,

before final disassembly

 The person who opens the flange shall do so in such a way as to minimise the

possibility of contact with the contained fluids and of sudden escape of large

quantities. Suitable Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) shall be worn

 Where there is a danger of H₂S being present, full H₂S procedures covered in the

BP Hydrogen Sulphide Procedures shall be followed

 The Area Classification procedure used for the selection of electrical equipment in

hazardous areas does not consider abnormal operations when breaking

containment. Consideration shall be given to restricting the use of electrical (and

other) equipment during breaking containment due to the risk of releasing

flammable gas

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Process

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Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

C2 ISOLATION IMPLEMENTATION AND CONTROL

C2.1 Security

Any isolation must achieve and maintain effective containment of the relevant fluid for as

long as required. Valves shall be locked or otherwise immobilised to prevent unauthorised

operation. It may be necessary to apply additional immobilising devices under certain

circumstances.

Where valves are required to be locked (open or closed) as part of an isolation, only the

following methods are acceptable:

 The use of wire locking loops fitted through the valve handle, requiring

considerable effort to force the valve from the locked position

 Padlock and chains which likewise would take considerable effort to force the

valve from the locked position. Where this method is used, padlock keys shall be

held by the Area Authority

 The use of specifically designed tamper-proof valve interlocks. The activation of

the interlock shall be controlled by the Area Authority utilising the master key held

at the site

When isolating any valve that cannot be locked and may inadvertently be opened by

accidental contact, the valve handle shall be removed where practicable.

Electrically operated valves shall have the power supply positively isolated and any handjack

shall be manually locked. If the valve cannot be physically immobilised it should not normally

be used for isolation purposes.

Pneumatically and hydraulically operated valves which fail closed shall have their control

lines isolated and physically disconnected.

Pneumatically and hydraulically operated valves which fail open should not normally be used

for isolation purposes. If no other alternative is reasonably practicable, the valve shall be

prevented from moving. Under this situation the isolation shall be considered as non-

compliant with Energy Isolations-Process and a Level 2 Isolation Risk Assessment carried

out.

It is not necessary to lock bleed valves in a DBB arrangement as they are required to be

opened periodically to check the integrity of the isolation.

Personal isolations (refer to section 7.3) shall be secured to the same standard to prevent

unauthorised operation of the valves.

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C2.2 Identification Methods

All valves, spades and blank flanges used for isolation purposes shall be identified by

means of tag-labels. The following information shall be identified on the tags:

 The Isolation Confirmation Certificate (ICC) Number

 The Equipment Tag No

 The IA‟s Name (clearly printed) and their Signature

 The date of Isolation

Bleed points shall also be labelled with the same format.

Where padlocks are used, the individual key number shall be listed on the ICC and a means

of referencing the correct key to the isolation point included. Keys should be held centrally in

a secure fashion and controlled by the Area Authority either by using a master key cabinet or

individual key safes.

Where there are overlapping isolations where some of the isolation points are common to

more than one isolation then these points shall have a separate locking device and tag from

each isolation. Each isolation shall be registered and controlled by its own individual ICC.

C2.2.1 Flange Tagging for Breaking Containment

Flanges used in breaking containment should be identified as an aid to ensuring that they

are reinstated and their integrity is confirmed once all work is complete. A tag-label shall be

used as the method of identification. Both halves of the label are completed by the person

carrying out the work and the details recorded on a Breaking of Containment Register.

When the flange or connection has been re-made, the lower half of the tag is removed and

recorded on the register. The upper half is left to allow the integrity of the reinstated joint to

be monitored during leak testing and startup. The tag is removed when the plant is back up

to its normal operating conditions and kept in place for a minimum of 2 days after startup.

Consideration should be given to tagging critical neighbouring joints which have not been

broken but which could be affected by the reinstatement activity.

C2.3 Control of Isolations

The ICC, cross-referenced to all relevant Permits, shall be the principal means of control

once isolations are in place. The ICC performs the following functions:

 Identifies the plant concerned and the reasons for isolation

 Authorises isolation by disciplines

 Records the complete list of isolations and valve tag numbers used for a

particular task

 Records bleed points for checking valve integrity. The operation of the bleed

valves to check integrity need not be recorded as an amendment on the ICC

 Confirms that the isolations have been effected

 Authorises any temporary de-isolations and isolations necessary for testing

 Authorises and records de-isolation on completion of the task

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The ICC shall show a complete list of isolations and valve tag numbers. A marked-up

P&ID/EFD or other suitable drawing must be attached to the ICC, together with a record of

the Isolation Level 2 Risk Assessment where this is needed.

C2.3.1 Control of Isolations for Well Operations Activities

During well operations the isolation of the xmas tree from the process plant shall be

controlled via an ICC. This isolation should be used in conjunction with a Well Handover

Certificate to manage the handover to well operations. The recommended practice is to

include the appropriate flowline isolation valves, the wing valve and the hydraulic supplies to

the UMV and DHSV, on the ICC, thus documenting the isolation from the process. The Well

Handover Certificate details the status of all tree valves at handover and confirms valve

integrity and depressurisation details thus documenting the isolation from the reservoir.

During the wireline operations, the swab valve, upper and lower master valves and DHSV

are under the control of the Wireline Supervisor and the appropriate detailed operating

procedure which will cover removal and reinstatement of the swab cap. On completion of the

wireline work the Wireline Supervisor will use the Well Handover Certificate to document the

tree status for handover to Operations. During production logging operations where it is

necessary to flow the well a specific PERMIT will be raised for the wireline work that requires

the well to be online and this will be cross-referenced to the ICC described above and run

under sanction to test.

C2.3.2 Locked Open/Locked Closed Valves

For integrity reasons, certain process and drain valves will be in the normally locked open or

locked closed position. It is vital that the position and security of these valves is carefully

controlled. A register shall be maintained of all these valves to record any changes from their

normal position and a regular audit shall be carried out to confirm the security and position of

these valves. It is important that these valves are in their correct position, particularly after

de-isolation where they have been part of an isolation (refer toparagraph C3.2.4). If these

valves are moved from their normal position for operational reasons or as part of an isolation

then this movement and subsequent return to their normal position shall be recorded in the

C2.4 Testing Isolation Integrity

All isolations shall be tested and shown to be effective before containment is broken.

Integrity tests shall be conducted for a minimum of 10 minutes.

Typical valve isolation integrity tests for DBB and single valve isolations are described in

Appendix D. It is important that all bleeds (vents/drains) are checked free from obstruction

prior to testing. It is also important to realise that a bleed which is hard-piped to a closed

drain or flare line will provide single valve isolation only from the drain/flare line.

On completion of checking valve integrity, a bleed valve shall be left in the closed position,

unlocked to allow regular monitoring. A pressure gauge may be fitted to the bleed valve to

monitor for pressure buildup.

An isolation can only be considered to be of DBB standard if the integrity of both valves has

been proven.

If zero pressure buildup is not achievable when checking integrity of a valved isolation,

consideration should be given to either including additional isolation valves, installing positive

isolation or carrying out an assessment of risk to determine whether it is acceptable to

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proceed.

Alternative methods of valve integrity testing may be considered where there are practical

difficulties in using the conventional method, providing that they have been endorsed by the

relevant Technical Authority.

Once the Area Authority is satisfied with the integrity of the valved isolation and that the

system is depressurised and drained, containment may be carefully broken either to effect

positive isolation or to perform the required task

(taking into account all precautions

regarding H₂S, pyrophoric scale, Low Specific Activity (LSA) scale, Naturally Occurring

Radioactive Material (NORM) or hydrates).

The extra security of untested but witnessed positive isolation, in addition to the valved

isolation used to effect it, is normally acceptable for most confined space entry tasks.

However, for longer term positive isolations (eg a week or more), or where the valved

isolation used to effect the positive isolation needs to be removed for operational reasons,

then integrity testing of the positive isolation is required. This shall be done by service leak

testing or formal leak testing of the joint, depending on the level of risk.

Where a single flare or vent valve forms part of an isolation it may not be possible to fully

test integrity. In this situation the valve cannot be considered as a reliable barrier and

therefore an isolation risk assessment shall be carried out to determine whether the task

should proceed.

C2.5 Plant Preparation - for Breaking Containment

All plant preparation work covering the draining and flushing of vessels or pipework shall be

carried out under a Permit within the Safe Systems of Work (SSOW). For more complex

operations a marked-up P&ID and a specific procedure should be used to support the

activity.

C2.5.1 Potential Hazards

Some of the potential hazards that should be considered when planning these activities are

as follows:

 Chemical reactions between cleaning materials and a tank or its fittings (eg acidic

cleaning fluid attacking a blanking spade installed for isolation)

 Leakage or collapse of a tank or its supports caused by reaction with cleaning

materials, excessive weight of wash solutions, or by creating vacuum conditions

 Accidental spillage during draining/flushing (environmental impact)

 Possibility of radiological contamination from LSA / NORM

 Pyrophoric scale which can be formed in systems that may contain H₂S. If these

systems are subsequently opened up and the scale is exposed to currents of air,

there is a danger that the scale could ignite. The pyrophoric scale shall be

rendered harmless by constant thorough wetting until the scale is either removed

or the system is again closed up

 Gaskets containing asbestos which shall be handled and disposed of in

accordance with the guidance identified in Working with Asbestos Procedures

 Explosions and fires caused by the sudden mixing of water with hot oil, either

during steam cleaning or on the admission of hot oil into systems which have just

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Title: Energy Isolation - Process

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Rev No: C2

Page 28 of 36

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

been steamed or flushed with water and which have not been thoroughly drained

and dried

 Static electricity as an ignition source or electric shock during steam cleaning or

high-pressure water jetting if equipment is not earth bonded

 Possible asphyxiation through personnel exposure to nitrogen

 Accidental spillage and freezing effects of nitrogen

C2.5.2 Depressurising and Draining Containment Systems

For this purpose containment systems may be divided into:

 Pressurised vessels and pipelines/pipework

 Atmospheric tanks and vessels

C2.5.2.1 Pressurised Vessels and Pipelines/Pipework

The precautions for depressurisation and draining of pressurised hydrocarbon and chemical

containment systems include the following:

(1)

The system shall be adequately isolated from fluid pressure and inventory for

the purpose of emptying.

(2)

The appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and Control of Substances

Hazardous to Health

(COSHH) or Chemicals Agent Risk Assessments

(CARA) shall be studied.

(3)

The pressure within the system shall be relieved in a safe manner and the

system drained. The residual pressure within the system shall be substantially

atmospheric before containment is broken.

(4)

Systems containing gas shall be depressurised to a closed system or a

vent/flare header designed to accept such gas. If possible, venting to flare is

preferred.

(5)

Gas systems shall only be depressurised to the atmosphere under strictly

controlled conditions. Persons working downwind of any drainage/venting

operation shall be warned by the Area Authority or his nominee and, if

instructed, shall vacate the area. All hot work shall cease within the affected

area.

(6)

Where suitable facilities exist, liquid residues shall be drained to a closed

system. Where this is not possible, an estimate should be made of the quantity

of liquid remaining in the system. Catchment facilities should then be provided

sufficient for at least this quantity. Liquid can then be drained by carefully

opening a flange at a low point in the system. Precautions should also be taken

to prevent the spread of any accidental spillage.

(7)

The existence of possible „dead-legs‟ in the system must be borne in mind.

Such traps may have to be flushed with water to remove residual liquids if there

are no flanges or connections.

(8) Oil contaminated/soaked lagging material shall be removed from hot equipment

as it is prone to spontaneous ignition.

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Rev No: C2

Page 29 of 36

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

C2.5.2.2 Atmospheric Tanks and Vessels

When emptying atmospheric tanks and vessels in preparation for either changing their

contents, carrying out inspections, repairs or modifications, or prior to dismantling, the

following guidelines shall be observed:

(1)

Prior to emptying any tank/vessel, reference shall be made to the as-built

engineering drawings. These drawings show in detail the internals of the

tank/vessel which will aid in the methods to be adopted for draining and

isolation, eg a bottom offtake of a vessel from the outside may lead to the

assumption that the offtake is flush whereas the drawing may show that the

offtake is raised internally.

(2)

Storage tanks and vessels shall be emptied initially by means of the normal

off-take lines, until suction is lost. The contents should be transferred to another

suitable tank or, onshore, to a mobile tank, if appropriate.

(3)

When emptying and draining, care shall be taken to avoid pulling a vacuum.

This may occur if the atmospheric or vacuum vents are blocked, or by

excessive lowering rates through large diameter lines.

(4)

Once suction is lost through the normal offtake it may be necessary to remove

residual liquid contents by means of either a portable pump operating through

an open manhole (by the use of the tank water drain valve) or possibly by

water-flotation, taking appropriate precautions against spillage.

(5)

The hazards of using portable pumps in an area likely to be contaminated with

flammable vapour must be taken into account. Appropriately sited, air-powered

pumps should be used where possible.

(6) Residual liquids and sludge must be disposed of in accordance with the

requirements of pollution-control legislation.

C2.6 Cleaning and Gas-freeing Methods

After depressurisation and draining, residual hydrocarbon liquids, vapours and gases must

be removed before further work can proceed.

Caution: If a Confined Space Entry is required, please also make reference to procedure

UNIF HSE-PRO-108 Confined Space Entry

Various media can be used for this purpose but the choice is liable to be governed by what

is available at the work location.

C2.6.1 Water Flooding

Cold water is usually the most readily available cleaning medium. It is reasonably effective at

displacing hydrocarbons, although it does not easily remove sludges or oils trapped in

complex pipework or vessel internals.

Before a tank or vessel is flooded with water, it shall be confirmed that its supporting

structure is capable of sustaining the weight. In addition, adequate run-down and draining

facilities shall be provided, due to large volumes of water usually necessary for these

operations.

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Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

To avoid a buildup of a static charge when this method is used, water shall be added from

the base of the tank or vessel. If a hosepipe is used, the velocity shall be kept low until the

end is submerged, and the nozzle shall be electrically earthed. Flooding with water shall not

be relied upon to remove all petroleum vapour, liquid or solid residues.

It is possible to carry out hot work on the external surface of a water-flooded tank or vessel

without further removal of internal hydrocarbon residue providing the work is below the water

level and an appropriate level of risk assessment has been conducted.

Water used for displacing and removing liquid hydrocarbons will be heavily contaminated

after use. It must be disposed of in an environmentally-responsible manner.

C2.6.2 Inert Gas

Nitrogen (N₂), Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) or combustion gas (N₂/CO₂ mixture) may be used to

displace hydrocarbon gas and vapour. This method may be useful if it is impracticable to

introduce water into a system in case of damage. Care should be taken to ensure when

injecting such mixtures not to induce localised freezing of valves, gauges etc due to

excessive injection rates.

Particular care should be taken with systems which may contain pyrophoric scale from high-

sulphur bearing hydrocarbons. If such scale is subsequently exposed to the air, it may

rapidly burst into flame. Water sprays may be used to prevent this by keeping the scale

constantly wetted.

A quantity of inert gas at least double the volume of the vessel being purged is likely to be

necessary to ensure adequate dispersal of hydrocarbon gases. Introduction of gas at

reasonably high velocity is also helpful in ensuring good mixing. Purge with inert gas until

concentration of flammable vapour is less than 4% in emerging mixture of flammable/inert

gas.

Normal flammable vapour monitoring devices will not work accurately in atmospheres which

are deficient in oxygen, therefore it is necessary to use specialised equipment to determine

the effectiveness of an inert gas purge.

Following the displacement of hydrocarbon vapour with inert gas, the vessel or tank should

then normally be purged again with air to displace the inert gas. This shall always be done in

cases where man-entry is planned, regardless of any intended use of PPE.

C2.6.3 Steam

At onshore sites, steam may be available in sufficient quantities to use for purging and

cleaning vessels, tanks and pipework. Steam is the most effective of the common media for

this purpose. It should be used at low pressure, not exceeding 1bar maximum.

Two methods of steaming may be employed; open or closed steaming:

 Open steaming is used where the tank, vessel and its associated system is fully

open to the atmosphere

 Closed steaming is used for closed vessels and their associated equipment.

During this operation, the temperature is raised allowing volatile liquids to vaporise

and disperse together with the bulk of the steam via a condensing system. The

heavy constituents can flow freely and be drained off with the condensed steam

from the base of the system

For all but the largest vessels and tanks, sufficient steam should be available to raise the

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Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

external surface temperature to at least 95°C. Steaming should be continued until the

condensate flowing from the vessel is substantially free of hydrocarbon.

Steam may be used in the case of process vessels, small storage tanks and medium sized

insulated tanks. It is essential that following a period of closed steaming, adequate provision

is made to prevent damage due to a vacuum being drawn by condensation of steam. In

large tanks, the rate of condensation of steam is such that adequate purging is not possible.

After steaming, it is normal practice to cool down the equipment with copious quantities of

water, this gives an additional wash to help remove residual hydrocarbons.

Where residual material is left on the tank or vessel surface after prolonged steaming, such

residual material may still evolve vapour on application of heat, eg burning or welding. In

such cases, cold cutting may be employed or the internal surface kept thoroughly wet during

the heating operation.

All temporary steam hoses used shall be electrically bonded and earthed.

C2.6.4 Air

Where it is not possible or practicable to use any of the foregoing methods, it may be

necessary to use air directly to ventilate equipment and remove hydrocarbon vapour.

When a decision is made to use this technique, every effort shall be made to pump out as

much oil and sludge as possible before opening the tank or vessel. Where practicable,

forced ventilation shall be used so that flammable vapour is cleared in the shortest possible

time. During this purging operation, the flammable range will be passed through, presenting

an explosion hazard if an ignition source is nearby. All electrical equipment used shall

therefore be suitable for use in a Zone 1 Hazardous Area. Other equipment within the

hazard range of flammable vapour shall be effectively isolated.

Air movers shall be fitted at the roof or top manhole so as to pull air in at low level.

Temporary trunking may be needed to achieve high-level disposal. In order to minimise the

emission of gas/vapour when the lower manhole door is opened, the air movers shall be

started up first to obtain a slightly negative pressure before the lower manhole is opened.

Vapour issuing from shell manholes may give rise to a dangerous concentration in a bunded

or confined area and, under such conditions, no kind of ignition source is allowed. Removal

of vapour by air movers attached to the roof manhole is the recommended safe practice.

Care shall be taken when using natural draught ventilation during periods of calm weather at

onshore sites, since vapour released from tanks can travel considerable distances without

being dispersed. Due regard shall be taken of wind direction and the risk to adjacent

premises or to the public.

Owing to the possible presence of pyrophoric scale within tanks or vessels which have

contained sour crude or products, provision shall be made for continuous wetting of the

internal surfaces by means of water from one or more water fog nozzles inserted into the

roof opening. The nozzles shall be turned on first and the air movers opened immediately

afterwards. A shell manhole shall be opened after approximately 5 minutes operation, when

the internals are thoroughly wet. With the air movers still in operation, the fog nozzles should

then be removed and loose scale dislodged with high-pressure water streams.

CAUTION: WHEN THIS METHOD IS EMPLOYED, THE WATER NOZZLES SHALL BE

EARTHED

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Title: Energy Isolation - Process

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Rev No: C2

Page 32 of 36

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

C 3 PLANT REINSTATEMENT

C3.1 General

The reinstatement of plant and equipment requires equal attention to planning and detail as

the initial isolation. Historical data shows that many incidents involving failure of an

isolation occur during reinstatement. Reinstatement of process plant is not complete until

the section where containment was broken has been leak tested.

The reinstatement leak test is different from strength tests as required by Code, which are

pressure/strength tests to prove the structural integrity of the system.

The purpose of reinstatement leak testing is to render the production equipment and piping

systems safe for the introduction of hydrocarbon gases and liquids, and to create an

auditable record to demonstrate the integrity of all hydrocarbon production systems.

For an an overview of the leak testing process refer to the SSOW for Leak Testing

(Document No. UNIF-HSE-PRO-202-C2).

C3.2 De-isolation of Plant

C3.2.1 Integrity Checks

Prior to reinstatement, the integrity of any isolations associated with the removal of spades

or other isolations devices should be reassessed to confirm that it is safe to proceed with the

reinstatement work.

C3.2.2 Sequence of De-isolation

In some cases the sequence of de-isolating plant is critical and requires planning to ensure

safe reinstatement.

C3.2.3 De-isolation of Non-manual Valves

Removal of a valved isolation does not necessarily involve any opening or closing of the

valves, just the removal of locking devices and/or other immobilising equipment. Particular

care should be taken with regard to electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically operated

valves, which may open or close on reinstatement of the operating source/medium.

C3.2.4 De-isolation of Safety Critical Valves

Care must be taken to ensure that safety critical valves are returned to their correct position

during de-isolation. These valves are registered as Locked Open (LO) or Locked Closed

(LC) and each site holds a register which records the current position of all LO/LC valves.

During de-isolation, these valves should be returned to their correct position for plant

operation and the register updated accordingly.

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Title: Energy Isolation - Process

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Rev No: C2

Page 33 of 36

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

APPENDIX D - TYPICAL VALVE ISOLATIONS INTEGRITY TESTS

Double Block and Bleed Isolation Integrity Test (Two Valves)

Diagram

Key

V1 - First (upstream) isolation valve from live system.

M1 - Live side-monitoring point (pressure gauge or vent/drain).

V2 - Second (downstream) isolation valve from live system.

M2 - Monitoring point between valves and break point (pressure gauge or vent/drain).

B - Bleed point between the isolation valves.

Procedure

1. If possible, ensure tapings at M1, M2 and B are not blocked and pressure

gauges, where installed, are operating.

2. Close downstream valve V2 and secure in closed position.

3. Record pressure at monitoring points M1 and M2.

4. Vent/drain section of line to be broken and monitor at M2 until the pressure is

near zero.

5. Close vent/drain at break point and monitor at M2 for a minimum of 10 minutes.

No pressure build-up at M2 indicates the integrity of the downstream valve V2.

6. Close upstream valve V1 and secure in closed position.

7. Record pressure at M1 and B.

8. Vent/drain between V1 and V2 (B) and monitor at B until pressure is near zero.

9. Close vent/drain (B) and monitor at M1 and B for a minimum of 10 minutes. (No

pressure build-up at B indicates integrity of upstream valve V1).

10. Leave vent/drain (B) in closed position to allow further monitoring.

Isolation

Both block valves are now closed and secured. The bleed valve is closed but not

Summary

locked. It is possible for pressure to build up between the two block valves therefore

regular monitoring of the isolation is essential; a suitable calibrated pressure gauge

may be fitted to the vent to monitor for any pressure.

For further information refer to Section C1.2.2 Double Block and Bleed

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Rev No: C2

Page 34 of 36

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Isolation Integrity Test (BP-Approved Double Sealed, Single Valve)

Diagram

Key

M1 - Live (upstream) side monitoring point.

M2 - Monitoring point between valve and break point (downstream).

C - Cavity drain (between seals).

Procedure

1. If possible, ensure tapings at M1, M2 and C are not blocked and pressure

gauges, where installed, are operating.

2. Close isolation valve and secure in closed position.

3. Record pressure at M1, C (in cavity) and M2.

4. Vent/drain downstream section of line to be broken and monitor pressure at M2

until pressure is near zero.

5. Close vent/drain at break point and monitor at M2 and C for a minimum of 10

minutes. (No pressure build-up at M2 and no pressure fall-off at C indicates

integrity of downstream seal.)

6. Record pressure at M1 and C.

7. Vent/drain off fluid in cavity (between seals) and monitor at C until the pressure

is near zero.

8. Close cavity vent/drain (C) and monitor at M1 and C for a minimum of 10

minutes. (No pressure build-up at C indicates integrity of upstream seal).

9. Leave vent/drain C in closed position to allow further monitoring.

Isolation

The double sealed, single block valve is now closed and secured. The bleed valve is

Summary

closed but not locked. Any fluid passing through the upstream seal will be detected at

the cavity drain C. Regular monitoring of the isolation is therefore essential and a

suitable calibrated pressure gauge may be fitted to the vent to monitor the pressure.

For further information refer to Section C1.2.2 Double Block and Bleed

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Page 35 of 36

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

Single Valve Isolation Integrity Test

Diagram

Key

M1 - Live (upstream) side monitoring point.

M2 - Monitoring point between valve and break point (downstream).

Procedure

1. Ensure tapings at M1 and M2 are not blocked and pressure gauges, where

installed, are operating.

2. Close isolation valve and secure in closed position.

3. Record pressure at M1 and M2.

4. Vent/drain downstream section of line to be broken into and monitor at M2

until pressure is near zero.

5. Close downstream vent/drain and monitor at M2 for a minimum of 10

minutes. (No pressure build-up at M2 indicates integrity of single valve.)

6. Leave downstream vent/drain at break point in closed position to allow

further monitoring.

Isolation

The single isolation valve is now closed and secured, and the downstream vent/drain

Summary

is closed. Any fluid passing through the single valve seal would be monitored by

means of the mandatory additional safeguards listed in Appendix B Table 1.

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Process

Rev No: C2

Page 36 of 36

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

APPENDIX E - ENERGY ISOLATIONS FLOWCHART

Requirement

for

Isolation

Is this

Yes

a CSE?

Is this

Positive

Yes

Assess breaking

Yes

breaking

isolation

Containment risks/hazards

tainment?

available?

Define cleaning / flushing /

purging method

Select

Is this a

Can minimum

Yes

ICC

Isolation

Special isolation

Isolation standard

method

technique

be ac

ieved

Yes

L2RA

Install initial isolation

ICC

Complete draining / flushing /

Purging of eqpt where necessary

Isolation

Progress work, monitor

Yes

Install final

Yes

Isolation

successfully

isolation integrity

isolation

roved?

STOP

Reassess and consider

Yes

production shutdown,

Job complete

lleak test req‟d?

deferral of work and

further risk assessment

Is leak test

Prepare specific

covered by existing

Leak test procedure

rocedure

Yes

Carry out appropriate

Carry out leak test

Service test for

Level of risk assessment

And record results

Non-haz utilities

Process hydrocarbons.

Mandatory L2RA

Fully de-isolate and

return to service

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Title: Confined Space Entry

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-108-C2

Procedure

Rev No: C2

Page 2 of 31

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION

2.0 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

3.0 AUDITING AND MONITORING

4.0 COMPETENCY, TRAINING AND AWARENESS

5.0 PLANNING AND PROCEDURE

6.0 WELDING

7.0 CONFINED SPACE PLANNING FLOW-SHEET

8.0 JOB COMPLETION

9.0 RESCUE

APPENDIX A: DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

APPENDIX B: HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH CONFINED SPACES

APPENDIX C: PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

APPENDIX D: EXAMPLES OF A CONFINED SPACE

APPENDIX E: EXAMPLES OF A RESCUE PLAN

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Procedure

Rev No: C2

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Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

1.0

INTRODUCTION

1.1

Purpose

The purpose of this procedure is to:

 Identify and define confined spaces

 Describe the proper procedures and preparations to protect the health and safety of

all personnel who must work in confined spaces.

1.2

Deviations

The procedures are written in sufficient detail that they should be able to be applied

consistently at all sites. There may still be the requirement for some local rules covering site

specific logistical/administrative arrangements and local variations in responsibilities to

reflect differences in organisational arrangements. These local rules should not deviate from

the core processes within this document. Any form of deviation from this procedure,

including but not limited to local rules, shall be requested and authorised in accordance with

the SSOW Deviations from Regulations and Procedures procedure (Doc. No. UNIF-HSE-

PRO-101)

1.3

Scope

The scope covers defined activities of BP and Contractors at all BP AzBU sites and

installations.

1.4

Document Review

This document will be reviewed on an annual basis when users from the sites will have an

opportunity to propose changes to the existing processes and procedures. The document

Technical Authority will be responsible for coordinating this review.

1.5

SSOW Specific Cross references

This SSOW procedure shall, where appropriate, be used in conjunction with this suite of

AzBU SSOW Procedures referenced below.

Document Number

Title of Procedure

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 101

Deviations from Regulations and Procedures

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 102

Incident Investigation and Reporting

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 103

Permit To Work

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 104

Authorization

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 105

Task Risk Assessment

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 106

Energy Isolations-Electrical

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 107

Energy Isolations-Process

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 108

Confined Space Entry

UNIF - HSE- PRO - 241

Leak Testing

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Procedure

Rev No: C2

Page 4 of 31

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

1.6

BP Golden Rules

Entry to Confined Spaces is covered specifically by one of BP‟s 8 Golden Rules, which

states:

“Entry to such spaces must be controlled, and only authorised following a risk assessment

and the establishment of controls over the hazards. The actual detailed permitting

requirements will be based on local rules and national regulatory requirements, the

frequency of entry, and full knowledge of the hazards present”

1.7

Caution

A Level 2 Risk Assessment (L2RA) must be completed before any entry into a

confined space (See UNIF-HSE-PRO-105).

The Risk Assessment should identify the:



The Process and Electrical positive Isolation of the area to be entered



Sequence of work to be performed in the confined space for which a separate permit

to work is mandatory



Specific hazards known or anticipated



Control measures to be implemented to eliminate or reduce each of the hazards to an

acceptable level.



In order to allow a gas tester to test the atmosphere in a confined space a Confined

Space Entry Permit must be issued - the gas tester then records the concentrations of

gas found and signs that the atmosphere is safe for people to enter. The Confined

Space Entry Permit may then be used with a Permit to Work to control the work in the

Confined Space

No entry shall be permitted until the Risk Assessment and the completed Confined Space

Entry (CSE) Permit and the appropriate Permit to Work have been reviewed and discussed

in a Toolbox Talk by all persons engaged in the activity.

1.8

Definition

A confined space is a place which is substantially, though not always entirely, enclosed and

where serious injury can occur from hazardous substances or conditions within the space or

nearby. This includes large pipelines, tanks, vessels, separators, silos, ducts, sewers, pits,

flues, manholes and voids between modules and in legs on offshore Installations. It also

includes any space in which dangerous levels of contaminants can accumulate and

ventilation is restricted, eg excavations

(normally deeper than 1.2m), the space above

floating roofs on floating roof tanks, open-topped tanks, closed or unventilated rooms,

sumps and culverts, and any other poorly ventilated areas.

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

Next Revision Date: 30/09/2005

Print Date: 24/07/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING

Title: Confined Space Entry

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-108-C2

Procedure

Rev No: C2

Page 5 of 31

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

The hazards that this document addresses arise through the confined nature of the place of

work in combination with one or more of the following:

1. The possible presence of flammable and/ or toxic substances

2. An oxygen-deficient atmosphere

3. An oxygen-enriched atmosphere

4. Ingress of solids or liquids

5. The presence of excessive heat

For more information on hazards associated with CSE see Appendix B.

1.9

Language Facilitation

Due to the various languages spoken at site, there is a necessity to assist all with “an ease

of understanding”. Therefore, the development and use of information tools are available.

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

Next Revision Date: 30/09/2005

Print Date: 24/07/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING

Title: Confined Space Entry

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-108-C2

Procedure

Rev No: C2

Page 6 of 31

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

2.0

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Note: For all confined space work, the responsibility for safety, during the entire operation,

rests with the Performing Authority, Confined Space Attendant, Authorised Entrants

and Rescue Team personnel. These personnel must ensure that adequate steps

have been taken to eliminate or control the hazards present.

2.1

OIM / Site Controller / Site Manager

Is responsible for the implementation of this Safe System of Work procedure on all his/her

facilities. This includes the training of staff and contractors in the use of the procedure and

the keeping of records. The OIM/Site Controller is responsible for ensuring the competence

of all authorities involved in Confined Space Entry Permit work. He must approve the

outcome of the Level 2 Risk Assessment (see UNIF-HSE-PRO-105)

2.2

Area Authority (AA)

Area Authorities are responsible for:

Identifying and labelling all confined spaces existing within their areas of responsibility that

require a Confined Space Permit to enter

 Ensuring all persons involved in confined space entry work have received

appropriate training and certification

 Leading the Level 2 Risk Assessments for Confined Space Entry (CSE) operations

to ensure personnel are protected from confined space hazards, using a Level 2

Risk Assessment (see UNIF-HSE-PRO-105)

 Issuing the Entry Permit and Permit to Work authorising entry for the work to begin

(provided that the requirements of this procedure have been met)

 Cancelling or suspending the Confined Space Entry (CSE) Permit when the job is

complete or when unacceptable conditions arise.

2.3

Performing Authority

The Performing Authority shall:

 Know and recognise hazards that may be faced during entry by participating in a

Level 2 Risk Assessment before entry

 Ensure that he understands all the conditions on the PTW and cross-referenced

Certificates and signs to confirm his responsibility for complying with all the conditions

on the Permit

 Ensure that roles and responsibilities are effectively communicated to ensure the

competence of the workforce - including leading a toolbox talk

 Ensure that personnel entering a confined space have all necessary personal

protective equipment

 Ensure that rescue services are informed about the entry and that they are readily

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

Next Revision Date: 30/09/2005

Print Date: 24/07/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING

Title: Confined Space Entry

Doc No: UNIF-HSE-PRO-108-C2

Procedure

Rev No: C2

Page 7 of 31

Dated: September, 2004

Originating Dept: HSE

available in an emergency

 Ensure that the necessary rescue and resuscitation equipment are readily available

 Ensure acceptable safe entry conditions are maintained consistent with the terms of

the Confined Space Entry (CSE) Permit.

 Stop work and remove everyone from the confined space if the conditions of entry,

including the scope of work, change

2.4

Gas Tester

Approved persons who have been fully trained and certified in gas testing for confined space

entry purposes, i.e. Authorised Gas Tester Level 1 (AGT1), Is trained to gas test prior to

work in confined spaces.

There are two levels of AGT - 1/2. Only AGT1 can test for CSE.

The AGT1 shall:

 Prove the safe atmosphere (i.e. free of toxic and flammable gases) in the confined

space using correctly calibrated gas testing equipment in his charge with an

understanding of the limitations of the equipment

 Prove Oxygen Levels within levels required

 Enter the readings obtained while testing the atmosphere in the Confined Space onto

the Confined Space Entry Permit

 If the atmosphere is within the acceptable limits for entry, sign section 8 of the Work

Permit.

 Where the gas concentrations are outside the acceptable limits sign the permit to this

effect discuss with the Area and Performing Authorities measures to further purge

the space.

 Observe and record any sludge or scale in the Confined Space and record it on the

Confined Space Permit ensuring that the findings are clear and easy to read.

2.5

Authorised Entrants

The authorised entrants shall:

 Follow established safety standards and practices

 Participate in a Toolbox Talk

 Read the conditions required by the Confined Space Entry Permit and the associated

Permit to Work

 Know and recognise the hazards that may be faced during entry including signs or

symptoms, and consequences of the exposure

 Inspect, test and make proper use of equipment and protective devices

 Maintain communication with the Confined Space Attendant to enable the attendant

to monitor the entrants‟ status

 Alert the attendant if an unsafe condition exists or when symptoms of exposure

The controlled version of this document can be found at: http://baku.bpweb.bp.com/dep/hse/safe/

Next Revision Date: 30/09/2005

Print Date: 24/07/2010

PAPER COPIES ARE UNCONTROLLED. THIS COPY VALID ONLY AT THE TIME OF PRINTING

Military reference books and manuals (2009-2023, Volume 6) - page 7