Isuzu Trooper (2000 year). Service manual - part 46

2A–14

POWER ASSISTED SYSTEM

Camber:
This illustration is viewed from the front of the vehicle.

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Camber is the vertical tilting inward or outward of the front
wheels.  When the wheels tilt outward at the top, the
camber is positive (+).   When the wheels tilt inward at the
top, the camber is negative (–). The amount of tilt
measured in degrees from the vertical is called the
camber angle (1).  If camber is extreme or unequal
between the wheels, improper steering and excessive tire
wear will result.  Negative camber causes wear on the
inside of the tire, while positive camber causes wear to the
outside.

Caster:
This illustration is viewed from the side of the vehicle.

480RS005

Caster(1) is the vertical tilting of the wheel axis either
forward or backward (when viewed from the side of the
vehicle).  A backward tilt is positive(+) and a forward tilt is
negative (–). On the short and long arm type suspension
you cannot see a caster angle without a special
instrument, but if you look straight down from the top of
the upper control arm to the ground, the ball joints do not
line up (fore and aft) when a caster angle other than 0
degree is present.  With a positive angle, the lower ball
joint would be slightly ahead (toward the front of the
vehicle) of the upper ball joint center line.

Toe-in:
This illustration is viewed from the top of the vehicle.

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Toe-in is the measured amount the front wheels are
turned in. The actual amount of toe-in is normally a
fraction of a degree.  Toe-in is measured from the center
of the tire treads or from the inside of the tires.  The
purpose of toe-in is to insure parallel rolling of the front
wheels and to offset any small deflections of the wheel
support system which occurs when the vehicle is rolling
forward.  Incorrect toe-in results in excessive toe-in and
unstable steering.  Toe-in is the last alignment to be set in
the front end alignment procedure.

Inspection

Before making any adjustments affecting caster, camber
or toe-in, the following front end inspection should be
made.

1. Inspect the tires for proper inflation pressure.  Refer to

Main Data and Specifications in Wheel and Tire
System section.

2. Make sure that the vehicle is unladen condition (With

no passenger or loading).

3. Make sure that the spare tire is installed at the normal

position.

4. Inspect the front wheel bearings for proper

adjustment.  Refer to Front Hub and Disc Overhaul in
Suspension section.

5. Inspect the ball joints, tie rod ends and relay rods.  If

excessive looseness is noted, correct before
adjusting. Refer to Steering Linkage in this section.

POWER ASSISTED SYSTEM

2A–15

6. Inspect the wheels and tires for run-out.  Refer to

Wheel Replacement in Wheel and Tire System
section.

7. Inspect the trim height.  If not within specifications,

the correction must be made before adjusting caster.

8. Inspect the steering gear for looseness at the frame.
9. Inspect the shock absorbers for leaks or any

noticeable noise. Refer to Shock Absorber
Replacement in Suspension section.

10. Inspect the control arms or stabilizer bar attachment

for looseness.  Refer to Suspension section .

11. Inspect the front end alignment using alignment

equipment. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions.

12. Park the vehicle must be on a level surface.

Trim Height Adjustment

Adjust the trim height(1) by means of the adjusting bolt on
the height control arms.

CAUTION: When adjusting front end alignment, be
sure to begin with trim height first, as it may change
other adjusted alignments.

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1. Check and adjust the tire inflation pressures.
2. Park the vehicle on a level ground and move the front

of the vehicle up and down several times to settle the
suspension.

3. Make necessary adjustment with the adjusting bolt on

the height control arms.

Trim height: 129 mm (5.08 in)

Caster Adjustment

The caster angle can be adjusted by means of the caster
shims(1) installed between the chassis frame(2) and
fulcrum pins.

Caster angle: 2

°

10’ 

±

 45’

CAUTION: Left and right side must be equal within
30’.

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NOTE: Difference of the caster shim front/rear thickness
should be 3.6 mm (0.142 in) or less. Overall thickness of
caster shim and camber shim should be 10.8 mm
(0.425 in) or less.

2A–16

POWER ASSISTED SYSTEM

Tighten the fulcrum pin bolt to the specified torque.

Torque: 152 N·m (112 lb ft)

Camber Adjustment

The camber angle can be adjusted by means of the
camber shims(2) installed in position between the chassis
frame(1) and fulcrum pins

Camber angle: 0

°

 

±

 30’

King pin inclination: 12

°

30’ 

±

 30’

CAUTION: Left and right side must be equal within
30’.

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NOTE: Overall thickness of caster shim and camber
shim should be 10.8 mm (0.425 in) or less.
Tighten the fulcrum pin bolt to the specified torque.

Torque: 152 N·m (112 lb ft)

Position of shims

Camber angle

Caster angle

Front side

Rear side

Camber angle

Caster angle

When added

When removed

Decreases

Decreases

Caster shim

When removed

When added

Increases

Increases

Caster shim

—

When removed

Unchanged

Decreases

—

When added

Unchanged

Increases

Camber shim

When added

Decreases

Unchanged

Camber shim

When removed

Increases

Unchanged

POWER ASSISTED SYSTEM

2A–17

Toe-in Adjustment

1. To adjust the toe-in angle, loosen the lock nuts(2) on

the outer track rods(1) and turn the outer track rods.
Turn both rods the same amount, to keep the steering
wheel centered .

Toe-in: 0 

±

 2 mm (0 

±

 0.08 in)

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2. Tighten the lock nut to the specified torque.

Torque: 118 N·m (87 lb ft)

Maximum Steering Angle Adjustment

The maximum steering angle of the front wheels can be
adjusted with the stop bolts under the frame side
members.

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1. Position each front wheel on the turning radius gauge

in a straight-ahead position.

2. Set the parking brake firmly.

3. Adjust the inside wheel angle of each side with the

stop bolts.

NOTE: The maximum protruding length(1) of stop bolt(3)
from the lock nut(2) should be 10 mm or less

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4. Similarly adjust the inside wheel angle of the other

side with stop bolt.

Inside wheel: 34

°

 (+0

°

 to –2

°

)

Outside wheel: 32

°

NOTE: Maximum  steering angles should be set after
adjusting front wheel alignment.

5. If the stop between the lower link end and the knuckle

comes ahead of the stop bolt, adjust the stop bolt so
that inner stop bolt touches the drop arm (relay lever).

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6. Tighten the lock nut to the specified torque.

Torque: 23 N·m (17 lb ft)