Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS (PART 1 - ROADS, Second Edition 2020) - page 41

1. Flexural strength of 4 mPa according to AASHTO T 97; or

2. Compressive strength of 45 mPa according to AASHTO T 22.

Cure specimens according to AASHTO T 23, Curing, and curing for determining form removal time or
when a structure may be put into service.

Do not allow traffic on the pavement when joint sealant is tacky and traffic debris would imbed into the
sealant.

3.8.3.13

Adjustments

a. Volunteer Cracking

Repairing or removing and replacing slabs in which volunteer cracking occurs, for allowing traffic or
equipment on the pavement have been satisfied, will not be measured for payment. Repairing or
removing and replacing slabs in which volunteer cracking occurs after said requirements have been
satisfied, will be measured for payment if it is determined that all specification requirements were
fulfilled.

b. Compressive Strength

If concrete placed is shown by test to be below the specified 28 day compressive strength, a
determination will be made as to whether the concrete shall be removed and replaced or allowed to
remain in place. If after review, the concrete is allowed to remain in place, liquidated damages will
be determined. Price adjustments for strength and thickness will be determined separately.

Appendix 1

A1.0 Steel Slag Aggregates (SSA) in Asphalt Concrete Paving Courses

All Asphalt Concrete Paving Courses shall be constructed in general accordance with latest version
of the

Abu Dhabi Standard Construction Specifications Part 1

– Roads, Chapter 3: Pavement

as published by Abu Dhabi Quality and Conformity Council and as otherwise indicated in these
Specifications. Steel Slag Aggregates shall meet the requirements of Chapter 3 and its Appendix 1
of these specifications and as specified in

ASTM D 5106, Standard Specification for Steel Slag

Aggregates for Bituminous Paving Mixtures

A1.1 Steel Slag Fine Aggregate for Asphalt Concrete Paving Courses

Fine aggregate is that portion of the steel slag aggregate passing the No. 8 Sieve. Fine aggregate
shall consist of crushed steel slag or mixture of crushed steel slag aggregates and natural crushed
aggregates  or  sand  and  shall  be  of  such  gradation that  when  combined with  other  aggregates  in
proper  proportions,  the  resultant  mixture  shall  meet  the  required  gradation.  Steel  slag  fine
aggregates shall not be thin, flaky or elongated. Sampling of fine aggregate shall be in accordance
with AASHTO T002. Sieve analysis shall be in accordance with AASHTO T027 and AASHTO T011.

When natural crushed sand is included in the steel slag fine aggregate mixture, this material shall
be fed to the dryer as a separate aggregate and the amount used shall be limited to 25% by weight.
No rounded windblown or rounded water-deposited sand will be permitted.

Fine aggregate shall be clean and free from organic matter, clay, cemented particles and other
extraneous or detrimental materials. Individual stockpiles of steel slag fine aggregates when tested
in accordance with AASHTO T176 shall have a sand equivalent of not less than 55. Individual
stockpiles of aggregate containing more than 10 percent by weight of fine aggregate shall be tested
for sand equivalent.

Steel slag fine aggregate shall have a maximum Sodium Sulfate Soundness of 10 percent and a
maximum Magnesium Sulfate soundness of 12 percent when tested in accordance with AASHTO
T104.

A1.2 Steel Slag Coarse Aggregate for Asphalt Concrete Paving Courses

Coarse aggregate is that portion of the steel slag aggregate retained on the No. 8 Sieve. Coarse
aggregate  shall  consist  of  crushed  steel  slag  aggregates.  Crushed  particles  shall  be  cubic  and
angular in shape and shall not be thin, flaky or elongated. The  gradation shall be such that when
combined with other aggregate fractions in proper proportions, the resultant mixture shall meet the
required gradation. Sampling of coarse aggregate shall be in accordance with AASHTO T002. Sieve
analysis shall be in accordance with AASHTO T027 and AASHTO T011.

Coarse aggregate shall be clean and free from organic matter, clay, cemented particles and other
extraneous or detrimental material. The degree of crushing shall be such that at least 100 percent
by weight of the material retained on the No. 8 Sieve has at least one fractured face and at least
70% shall be totally crushed. The flakiness index of each individual stockpile shall not exceed 30
percent for Base and Binder course materials and 20 percent for wearing course materials, when
tested in accordance with BS 812.

Coarse aggregate shall have a maximum Sodium Sulfate Soundness of 10 percent when tested in
accordance with AASHTO T104. The abrasion loss (AASHTO T096) for coarse aggregate used in
asphalt mixtures shall not exceed 40 percent.

For guidance purposes, steel slag coarse aggregate for asphaltic wearing course shall have a
Polished Stone Value (PSV) of 30 to 50 when tested in accordance with (AASHTO T278 and T279).

A1.3 Mineral Filler for Asphalt Concrete Paving Courses

Commercial mineral filler shall consist of finely ground particles of Slag Dust, limestone, cement, or
hydrated lime in accordance with AASHTO M017. It shall be thoroughly dry and free from lumps and
shall meet the gradation requirements of AASHTO M017. When hydrated lime is used as mineral
filler, the hydrated lime shall comply with the requirements set forth in the latest version of the

Abu

Dhabi Standard Construction Specifications Part 1

– Roads, Chapter 3: Pavement

. When

cement is used as mineral filler, it shall meet the requirements of Type I cement in accordance with
ASTM C150.

A2.0 Hot Mix Asphalt Design Requirements

Asphaltic concrete mixes shall be designed using the Marshall Method of mix design (Asphalt
Institute Manual Series MS-2), as per AD-QCC Standard Specifications, Part 1

– Section 3.3.2.5,

except as modified or supplemented below. Use of steel slag aggregates shall be limited to asphalt
wearing course and binder course.

A2.1 Gradation:

•

For Steel Slag Binder Course: Use steel slag aggregate varying in proportion from

approximately 50% to 100% (by weight) of total aggregate (fine plus coarse).

•

For Steel Slag Wearing Course: Use steel slag aggregate by approximately 50% to 100%

(by weight) of total aggregate (fine plus coarse).

A2.2 Marshall Stability:

•

For Steel Slag Binder Course: Marshall Stability ≥ 1800 kg

•

For Steel Slag Wearing Course: Marshall Stability ≥ 2000 kg

A2.3 Dynamic Modulus, |E*| Test (AASHTO T342-11)

Complex Modulus testing of asphalt materials shall be conducted using a uniaxial haversine loading
waveform at 21.1ºC and 10 Hz. Loading Frequency and preparation of test specimens shall be
according to AASHTO T 342. Dynamic Modulus values shall meet the following requirements:

•

Steel Slag Binder Course ≥ 13,000 MPa

•

Steel Slag Wearing Course ≥ 13,800 MPa

A2.4 Tri-axial Repeated Load Permanent Deformation (TRLPD) or Flow Number (FN) Test

TRLPD (or FN) tests shall be conducted at a testing temperature of 54.4

C and stress level of 200

KPa and meet the following requirements:

•

Steel Slag Binder Course ≥ 2500 cycles (avg. of minimum 3 specimens)

•

Steel Slag Wearing Course ≥ 4500 cycles (avg. of minimum 3 specimens)

A2.5 Indirect Tensile Strength Test (AASHTO T322)

Indirect tensile strength tests shall meet the following requirements:

•

Steel Slag Binder Course: Tensile Strength ≥ 1700 KPa (avg. of minimum 3 specimens)

•

Steel Slag Wearing Course: T

ensile Strength ≥ 1700 KPa (avg. of minimum 3 specimens)

NDEX

acceptance of aggregate base courses, 3-14
acceptance of completed asphaltic concrete

courses, 3-69

admixtures, 3-110
aggregate base.

See

bases

antistrip additive

3-45

asphalt cement, 3-54, 3-63
asphalt compaction, 3-67
asphalt concrete paving courses, 3-41
asphalt distributor. See equipment
asphalt surface treatment.

See

surface

treatment

asphalt treated base, 3-25

base course

See

types of asphaltic concrete,

See

types of asphaltic concrete

bases, 3-8
bituminous pavement repairs, 3-99
breakdown rolling, 3-68
cement, 3-18, 3-19, 3-20, 3-21, 3-22, 3-23, 3-

24, 3-25,

3-52

, 3-109

cement concrete pavement, 3-107
cement stabilized subbase/base, 3-18
coarse aggregate, 3-11
cold planer. See equipment
cold planning, 3-72
coloured pavement, 3-90
concrete curing, 3-115
concrete finishing, 3-114
concrete forms, 3-111
concrete joint sealing, 3-116
concrete joints, 3-112
concrete mix design, 3-110
concrete patching, 3-117
concrete pavement smoothness, 3-116
concrete paving equipment, 3-111
curing, 3-23, 3-106, 3-118
delivery of the asphaltic concrete mixes, 3-65
epoxy resin, 3-110
equipment, 3-56
field trials, 3-62

fine aggregates, 3-11
finish rolling, 3-68
granular subbase.

See

bases

hauling equipment

See equipment

hot mix asphalt design, 3-42
hydrated lime. See mineral filler
intermediate rolling, 3-68
joint sealer, 3-109
longitudinal asphalt joints, 3-68
marshal method, 3-48
mineral aggregates, 3-18
mineral filler, 3-53
mix design, 3-20
mixing plant. See equipment
pavement repair types.

See

bituminous

pavement repairs

pavers. See equipment
portland cement concrete pavement. See

cement concrete pavement

premolded joint filler, 3-109
prime coat, 3-74

recycled asphalt pavement

3-46

rigid

pavement.

See

cement

concrete

pavement

rollers. See equipment
Sampling, 3-1
sand-asphalt subbase, 3-25
spreading and finishing, 3-65
steel reinforcement, 3-110
subbase course.

See

bases

superpave volumetric method, 3-42
surface treatment, 3-78
tack coat, 3-77
transverse asphalt joints, 3-67
types of asphaltic concrete, 3-48
unacceptable materials, 3-42

Wearing course

See

types of asphaltic

concrete

wet mix macadam, 3-15

STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

PART 1

ROADS

CHAPTER 4 - CONCRETE WORKS

DOCUMENT

NO:

TR-542-1

SECOND

EDITION

SEPTEMBER

2020

ORKS

Second Edition -SEP 2020

Chapter 4: Concrete Works

ABLE OF

ONTENTS

Table of Contents............................................................................................................................. i

List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. iv

Concrete Works ................................................................................................................. 4-5

4.1

Description ..................................................................................................................... 4-5

4.2

Reference Standards and Codes ................................................................................... 4-5

4.3

Materials ...................................................................................................................... 4-13

4.3.1

Portland Cement ................................................................................................... 4-13

4.3.1.1

Low-alkali Cement ......................................................................................... 4-14

4.3.1.2

Blended Hydraulic Cement ............................................................................ 4-14

4.3.1.3

Packaging and Marking ................................................................................. 4-15

4.3.1.4

Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance ............................................................... 4-15

4.3.1.5

Storage .......................................................................................................... 4-16

4.3.2

Fly Ash ................................................................................................................. 4-17

4.3.2.1

Class C and Class F ...................................................................................... 4-17

4.3.2.2

Ultra-fine ........................................................................................................ 4-17

4.3.2.3

Modified F ...................................................................................................... 4-17

4.3.2.4

Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance ............................................................... 4-18

4.3.2.5

Storage on the Site of the Works ................................................................... 4-18

4.3.3

Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag ................................................................. 4-19

4.3.3.1

Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance ............................................................... 4-19

4.3.3.2

Storage on the Site of the Works ................................................................... 4-19

4.3.4

Microsilica Fume ................................................................................................... 4-19

4.3.4.1

Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance ............................................................... 4-19

4.3.4.2

Storage on the Site of the Works ................................................................... 4-19

4.3.5

Metakaolin ............................................................................................................ 4-19

4.3.5.1

Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance ............................................................... 4-20

4.3.5.2

Storage on the Site of the Works ................................................................... 4-20

4.3.6

Admixtures ............................................................................................................ 4-20

4.3.6.1

Sampling, Testing, and Acceptance ............................................................... 4-21

4.3.6.2

Storage on the Site of the Works ................................................................... 4-22

4.3.7

Aggregates for Cementitious Material Concrete .................................................... 4-23

4.3.7.1

General .......................................................................................................... 4-23

4.3.7.2

Fine Aggregate .............................................................................................. 4-23

4.3.7.3

Coarse Aggregate .......................................................................................... 4-24

4.3.7.4

Combined Aggregate Gradation for Cementitious Material Concrete ............. 4-25

4.3.7.5

Lightweight Aggregate ................................................................................... 4-27

4.3.7.6

Aggregate for Kerb and Barrier ...................................................................... 4-27

4.3.7.7

Mitigation for Alkali Silica Reactive (ASR) Aggregate ..................................... 4-27

4.3.7.8

Tests and Acceptance ................................................................................... 4-27

4.3.7.9

Storage on the Site of the Works ................................................................... 4-28

4.3.8

Water for Concrete Mixing and Curing .................................................................. 4-28

4.3.8.1

Tests and Acceptance ................................................................................... 4-28

4.3.9

Classification of Concrete ..................................................................................... 4-29

4.3.10

Contractor’s Proposed Concrete Mix Design ........................................................ 4-30

4.3.10.1

Proportioning of Materials .............................................................................. 4-31

4.3.10.2

Water-to-cement Ratio ................................................................................... 4-32

4.3.10.3

Controlled Density Fill (CDF) Concrete .......................................................... 4-33

4.3.10.4

Mortar and Grout ........................................................................................... 4-33

4.3.10.5

Shotcrete ....................................................................................................... 4-37

4.3.10.6

Permeable Concrete ...................................................................................... 4-37

4.3.10.7

Contents of Chlorides and Sulphates ............................................................. 4-38

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Second Edition -SEP 2020

4.3.11

Concrete Batching Requirements ......................................................................... 4-38

4.3.11.1

Batching Plant ............................................................................................... 4-38

4.3.11.2

Transporting and Placing ............................................................................... 4-39

4.3.11.3

Qualification of Concrete Suppliers ................................................................ 4-40

4.3.11.4

Batching and Delivering Permeable Concrete ................................................ 4-42

4.3.12

Acceptance of Concrete ........................................................................................ 4-42

4.3.12.1

Certification of Compliance ............................................................................ 4-42

4.3.12.2

Conformance to Mix Design ........................................................................... 4-43

4.3.12.3

Sampling and Testing Methods ...................................................................... 4-44

4.3.12.4

Point of Acceptance ....................................................................................... 4-45

4.3.12.5

Water-to-cement Ratio Conformance ............................................................. 4-45

4.3.12.6

Consistency ................................................................................................... 4-46

4.3.12.7

Temperature and Time for Placement of Concrete ........................................ 4-46

4.3.12.8

Rejecting Fresh Concrete .............................................................................. 4-47

4.3.12.9

Concrete with Nonconforming Strength ......................................................... 4-47

4.3.13

Curing Materials .................................................................................................... 4-47

4.3.13.1

Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete .............................................................. 4-47

4.3.13.2

Liquid Membrane-forming Concrete Curing Compounds ............................... 4-47

4.3.13.3

Burlap Cloth ................................................................................................... 4-47

4.3.13.4

Sampling ....................................................................................................... 4-47

4.3.13.5

Tests and Acceptance ................................................................................... 4-49

4.3.14

Steel Reinforcing Bar ............................................................................................ 4-49

4.3.15

Joint Sealing Materials .......................................................................................... 4-49

4.3.15.1

Fixed-joint Seal .............................................................................................. 4-49

4.3.15.2

Preformed Joint Fillers ................................................................................... 4-50

4.3.15.3

Backer Rod .................................................................................................... 4-50

4.3.15.4

Joint Sealants ................................................................................................ 4-50

4.3.15.5

Hot-poured Joint Sealants ............................................................................. 4-51

4.3.15.6

Joint Mortar .................................................................................................... 4-53

4.3.15.7

Bond Breakers ............................................................................................... 4-53

4.3.16

Waterstops ........................................................................................................... 4-53

4.4

Construction Requirements .......................................................................................... 4-53

4.4.1

Placing Concrete .................................................................................................. 4-53

4.4.1.1

Chutes, Troughs, and Conveyor Belts ........................................................... 4-55

4.4.1.2

Continuity of Concrete Work .......................................................................... 4-55

4.4.1.3

Hot Weather Protection and Temperature Limits ........................................... 4-56

4.4.1.4

Concrete Exposed to Seawater ..................................................................... 4-56

4.4.1.5

Concrete Exposed to Alkaline Soils or Water ................................................. 4-56

4.4.1.6

Vibration of Concrete ..................................................................................... 4-57

4.4.1.7

Underwater Concrete ..................................................................................... 4-58

4.4.2

Curing Concrete.................................................................................................... 4-58

4.4.2.1

Method A: Supplying Continuous Moisture .................................................... 4-58

4.4.2.2

Method B: Preventing Moisture Loss ............................................................. 4-58

4.4.2.3

Method C: Curing Compound ........................................................................ 4-59

4.4.2.4

Method D: Wet Blankets ................................................................................ 4-60

4.4.2.5

Curing Slip-form Construction ........................................................................ 4-60

4.4.2.6

Insulated Curing ............................................................................................ 4-60

4.4.3

Concrete Finishing ................................................................................................ 4-60

4.4.4

Construction and Expansion Joints ....................................................................... 4-61

4.4.4.1

Preparing the Surfaces .................................................................................. 4-62

4.4.4.2

Placing Fresh Concrete at Construction Joints .............................................. 4-62

4.4.4.3

Bonded Construction Joint ............................................................................. 4-63

4.4.4.4

Unbonded Construction Joints ....................................................................... 4-64

4.4.4.5

Expansion Joints............................................................................................ 4-64

4.4.4.6

Installation of Fixed-joint Seals ...................................................................... 4-64

4.4.5

Waterstops ........................................................................................................... 4-65

4.4.6

Concrete Protection Coating ................................................................................. 4-65

ORKS

Second Edition -SEP 2020

4.4.7

Reinforcing ........................................................................................................... 4-65

4.4.8

Concrete for Precast Elements ............................................................................. 4-65

4.4.8.1

Shop Drawings .............................................................................................. 4-66

4.4.8.2

Casting .......................................................................................................... 4-66

4.4.8.3

Curing ............................................................................................................ 4-67

4.4.8.4

Contractor’s Control Strength......................................................................... 4-67

4.4.8.5

Finishing and Marking .................................................................................... 4-68

4.4.8.6

Tolerances ..................................................................................................... 4-68

4.4.8.7

Handling and Storage .................................................................................... 4-68

4.4.8.8

Shipping ........................................................................................................ 4-68

4.4.8.9

Erection ......................................................................................................... 4-68

4.4.9

Waterproofing ....................................................................................................... 4-69

4.5

Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) .............................................................................. 4-69

4.5.1

Definitions ............................................................................................................. 4-69

4.5.2

Quality Assurance ................................................................................................. 4-69

4.5.3

Materials ............................................................................................................... 4-70

4.5.4

Concrete Mixtures ................................................................................................. 4-71

4.5.4.1

Mixture Specifications .................................................................................... 4-72

4.5.4.2

Slump Flow .................................................................................................... 4-72

4.5.4.3

Visual Stability Index (VSI) ............................................................................. 4-72

4.5.4.4

J-Ring Flow .................................................................................................... 4-72

4.5.4.5

Stability .......................................................................................................... 4-72

4.5.4.6

Air content ..................................................................................................... 4-73

4.5.4.7

Maximum nominal size of coarse aggregate .................................................. 4-73

4.5.5

Execution .............................................................................................................. 4-73

4.5.5.1

Formwork....................................................................................................... 4-73

4.5.5.2

Batching ........................................................................................................ 4-73

4.5.5.3

Transporting .................................................................................................. 4-73

4.5.5.4

Hot Weather Concreting ................................................................................ 4-73

4.5.5.5

Field Quality Control ...................................................................................... 4-73

4.5.5.6

Consolidation ................................................................................................. 4-75

4.5.5.7

Finishing ........................................................................................................ 4-75

4.5.5.8

Curing and Protection .................................................................................... 4-75

4.6

Formwork ..................................................................................................................... 4-75

4.6.1

Slip-form Formwork .............................................................................................. 4-76

4.6.1.1

Timber Connections ....................................................................................... 4-76

4.6.1.2

Bolted Connections ........................................................................................ 4-76

4.6.1.3

Nailed and Spiked Joints ............................................................................... 4-77

4.6.1.4

Timber Connection Adjustment for Duration of Load ...................................... 4-78

4.6.1.5

Face Lumber, Studs, Wales, and Metal Forms .............................................. 4-78

4.6.2

Construction of Formwork ..................................................................................... 4-81

4.6.2.1

Drainage of Substructure ............................................................................... 4-83

4.6.2.2

Formwork to Enclosed Surfaces .................................................................... 4-84

4.6.2.3

Formwork for Open Joints .............................................................................. 4-84

4.6.2.4

Openings and Wall Chases ........................................................................... 4-84

4.6.2.5

Slip-form Formwork ....................................................................................... 4-84

4.6.2.6

Fixed Formwork ............................................................................................. 4-84

4.6.2.7

Preparing the Formwork ................................................................................ 4-85

4.6.2.8

Embedded Articles ......................................................................................... 4-86

4.6.2.9

Formwork Accessories................................................................................... 4-86

4.6.3

Removal of Formwork ........................................................................................... 4-87

4.6.3.1

Early Concrete Test Cube Breaks .................................................................. 4-88

Index

4-89

ORKS

Second Edition -SEP 2020

List of Tables

Table 4-1: Designations and titles for AASHTO and ASTM standards that apply to concrete works
.................................................................................................................................................... 4-6

Table 4-2: Designations and titles for BS and BS EN standards that apply to concrete works ... 4-12

Table 4-3: Supplementary Class C and Class F specification requirements ............................... 4-17

Table 4-4: Additional ultra-fine specification requirements ......................................................... 4-17

Table 4-5: Additional Modified F specification requirements ....................................................... 4-18

Table 4-6: Modified metakaolin specification requirements ........................................................ 4-20

Table 4-7: Requirements for admixtures for concrete ................................................................. 4-20

Table 4-8: Latex additive requirements ...................................................................................... 4-21

Table 4-9: Submittal for approval requirements for admixtures .................................................. 4-22

Table 4-10: Fine aggregate gradation, percent passing by weight ............................................. 4-23

Table 4-11: Grading of coarse aggregate for cementitious material concrete, allowable range,
percent by mass ........................................................................................................................ 4-24

Table 4-12: Allowable combined aggregate contamination ........................................................ 4-25

Table 4-13: Combined aggregate gradation based on nominal maximum aggregate size, percent by

mass passing .......................................................................................................... 4-26

Table 4-14: Acceptance tests for coarse and fine aggregate ...................................................... 4-27

Table 4-15: Chemical limits for mix water ................................................................................... 4-28

Table 4-16: Typical concrete classes ........................................................................................ 4-29

Table 4-17: Concrete slump classifications ............................................................................... 4-30

Table 4-

18: Contractor’s mix design submittal requirements ...................................................... 4-31

Table 4-19: Minimum required grout strengths ........................................................................... 4-33

Table 4-20: Nominal grout mix proportions by weight ................................................................. 4-34

Table 4-21: Nominal mortar mixes by volume ............................................................................ 4-36

Table 4-22: Typical permeable concrete mix design .................................................................. 4-37

Table 4-23: Certificate of compliance requirements for each truckload of concrete .................... 4-43

Table 4-24: Conformance to mix design in production ............................................................... 4-43

Table 4-25: Sampling and testing methods for acceptance of concrete ...................................... 4-44

Table 4-26: Maximum slump for concrete .................................................................................. 4-46

Table 4-27: Acceptable time and temperature limits for placement of concrete .......................... 4-46

Table 4-28: Joint fillers ............................................................................................................... 4-50

Table 4-29: Backer rod sizes ..................................................................................................... 4-50

Table 4-30: Poured rubber joint sealer ....................................................................................... 4-51

Table 4-31: Typical ranges of slump flow ................................................................................... 4-72

Table 4-32: Plywood grades and formwork applications ............................................................ 4-80

Table 4-33: Placement rates ...................................................................................................... 4-81

Table 4-34: Minimum safety factors of formwork accessories .................................................... 4-86

Table 4-35: Removal of forms .................................................................................................... 4-87

ORKS

Second Edition -SEP 2020

CONCRETE WORKS

4.1

Description

This work shall include, but not by way of limitation, the following activities as indicated on the
Contract plans:

1. Preparing concrete, shotcrete, mortar, and grout mixes

2. Transporting and placing concrete on prepared surfaces or in prepared forms

3. Supplying, cutting, bending, and placing reinforcing steel

4. Placing, consolidating, and curing concrete

5. Supplying and installing precast structures or parts of structures, including bedding and

jointing

This  work  consists  of  constructing  concrete  structures,  and  their  component  parts,  made  of
cementitious  material  concrete,  with  or  without  reinforcement.  Concrete  structures  may  be  either
cast-in-situ or furnished and installed as precast units as shown on the Contract plans or as otherwise
specified.

4.2

Reference Standards and Codes

Standards and codes shall be as specified in these specifications, in the Contract documents, if
any, and the following, in their latest edition:

AASHTO LRFD American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - Load and

Resistance Factor Design, Bridge Construction Specifications;

AASHTO LRFD American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - Load and

Resistance Factor Design, Bridge Design Specifications;

AASHTO

Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling
and Testing;

ADQCC (TR-516) Road Structures Design Manual;

ASTM

American Society for Testing and Materials;

ACI

American Concrete Institute;

ACI 301M-10

Specifications for Structural Concrete (Metric);

ACI 305.1-06

Specification for Hot Weather Concreting;

ACI 308.1-11

Specification for Curing Concrete;

ACI 318M -11

Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary (Metric);

AITC

Timber Construction Manual;

ANSI

American National Standards Institute;

ANSI/SDI C-2011 Standard for Composite Steel Floor Deck

– Slabs;

SDI

Steel Deck Institute;

AISC

American Institute of Steel Construction;

APA

American Plywood Association - Design/Construction Guide for Concrete

Forming;

PCI

Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute;

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BSI

British Standards Institution;

BS EN

European Standards;

BSI PD 6678

Guide to the specification of masonry mortar;

DIN

Deutsches Institut Fur Normung, German National Standard;

DIN 1048-5

Testing concrete; testing of hardened concrete (specimens prepared in mould);

FHWA

Federal Highway Administration;

TT-S-227e

Federal Specification.

Table 4-1 and Table 4-2 presents American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Officials (AASHTO), American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), British (BS), and European
(BS EN) Standards that are related to materials for concrete works. It also includes designations and
titles.

Table 4-1: Designations and titles for AASHTO and ASTM standards that apply to concrete

works

AASHTO

Designation

ASTM

Designation

Title

ASTM C150 /

C150M - 12

Standard Specification for Portland Cement.

ASTM C1157 /

C1157M - 11

Standard Performance Specification for Hydraulic
Cement.

ASTM C227-

Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of
Cement Aggregate Combinations (Mortar Bar Method)

AASHTO T 131-

2010

Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle.

ASTM C191 -

Standard Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic
Cement by Vicat Needle.

AASHTO T 260-

1997

Sampling and Testing for Chloride Ion in Concrete and
Concrete Raw Materials.

ASTM C1218 /

C1218M

– 99

(2008)

Standard Test Method for Water Soluble Chloride in
Mortar and Concrete.

ASTM C465 -

2010

Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in
the Manufacture of Hydraulic Cements.

AASHTO M 240-

2010

Blended Hydraulic Cement.

ASTM C563 -

Standard Test Method for Approximation of Optimum
SO3 in Hydraulic Cement Using Compressive Strength.

ASTM C1038 /

C1038M 2007

Standard Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
Mortar Bars Stored in Water.

ASTM C265 /

2008

Standard Test Method for Water Extractable Sulfate in
Hydrated Hydraulic Cement Mortar.

AASHTO M 295-

2007

Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for
Use in Concrete.

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AASHTO

Designation

ASTM

Designation

Title

ASTM C618 -

2008

Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or
Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete.

ASTM C311 -

11a

Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash
or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland Cement
Concrete.

AASHTO M 302-

2006

Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag for Use in
Concrete and Mortars.

AASHTO M 307-

2007

Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures.

AASHTO M 154-

2006

Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete.

ASTM C260 /

C260M -

2010a

Standard Specification for Air Entraining Admixtures for
Concrete.

ASTM G109 -

Standard Test Method for Determining Effects of
Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel
Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride
Environments.

AASHTO M

194M 06

Chemical Admixtures for Concrete.

ASTM C494 /

C494M - 2011

Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
Concrete.

ASTM C457 /

C457M - 2011

Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of
Parameters of the Air Void System in Hardened Concrete.

ASTM C642 /

2006

Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids
in Hardened Concrete.

AASHTO T 96-

Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse
Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles
Machine.

AASHTO T 160-

Length change hardened hydraulic cement Mortar and
Concrete.

AASHTO T 303-

Accelerated Detection of Potentially Deleterious
Expansion of Mortar Bars due to Alkali-Silica Reaction.

ASTM C1260 -

Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of
Aggregates (Mortar Bar Method).

ASTM C1293 -

08b

Standard Test Method for Determination of Length
Change of Concrete Due to Alkali Silica Reaction.

AASHTO M 6-

2008

Fine Aggregate for Hydraulic Cement Concrete.

AASHTO T 21 -

2005

Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregates for Concrete.

AASHTO T 71-

2008

Effect of Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregate on Strength
of Mortar.

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AASHTO

Designation

ASTM

Designation

Title

AASHTO T 176-

2008.

Plastic Fines in Graded Aggregates and Soils by Use of
the Sand Equivalent Test.

AASHTO M 80-

2008

Coarse Aggregate for Hydraulic Cement Concrete.

AASHTO M 43-

2005

Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction.

AASHTO T 335-

2009

Determining the Percentage of Fracture in Coarse
Aggregate.

AASHTO MP 16

/ 2010

Reclaimed Concrete Aggregate for Use as Coarse
Aggregate in Hydraulic Cement Concrete.

AASHTO T 27-

Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates.

AASHTO M 195-

/ 2006

Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete.

ASTM C1567 /

C1567

Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali
Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious
Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar Bar
Method).

ASTM C39 -

C39M 2011

Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of
Cylindrical Concrete Specimens.

AASHTO T 22-

Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete
Specimens.

ASTM C40 /

C40M 11

Standard Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine
Aggregates for Concrete.

ASTM C87 /

C87M - 2010

Standard Test Method for Effect of Organic Impurities in
Fine Aggregate on Strength of Mortar.

ASTM C88

/2005

Standard Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by
Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate.

AASHTO T 104-

Soundness of Aggregate by Use of Sodium Sulfate or
Magnesium Sulfate.

ASTM C123 /

C123M - 2011

Standard Test Method for Lightweight Particles in
Aggregate.

AASHTO T 113-

2006

Lightweight Pieces in Aggregate.

ASTM C136 -

Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and
Coarse Aggregates.

AASHTO T 26-

Quality of Water to be Used in Concrete.

ASTM D512 /

2010

Standard Test Methods for Chloride Ion In Water.

ASTM D516 /

2011

Standard Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water.

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AASHTO

Designation

ASTM

Designation

Title

ASTM D4191 /

2008

Standard Test Method for Sodium in Water by Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometry

ASTM D4192 /

2008

Standard Test Method for Potassium in Water by Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometry.

ASTM D4832 -

2010

Standard Test Method for Preparation and Testing of
Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) Test Cylinders.

ASTM D6023 -

2007

Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,
Cement Content, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of
Controlled Low-Strength Material (CLSM).

AASHTO T

119M/T 119-10

Slump of Hydraulic Cement Concrete.

ASTM C869 /

C869M - 11

Standard Specification for Foaming Agents Used in
Making Preformed Foam for Cellular Concrete.

ASTM C144

/11

Standard Specification for Aggregate for Masonry Mortar.

AASHTO T

106M/T 106-09

Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Using
50-mm or 2-in. Cube Specimens)

ASTM C476 /

2010

Standard Specification for Grout for Masonry.

ASTM C404 -

2011

Standard Specification for Aggregates for Masonry Grout.

ASTM C1019 -

2011

Standard Test Method for Sampling and Testing Grout.

ASTM C143 /

C143M - 10a

Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic Cement
Concrete.

ASTM C270 /

Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry.

ASTM C91 /

2005

Standard Specification for Masonry Cement.

ASTM C207-

06 / (11)

Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry
Purposes.

ASTM C387 /

C387M - 11b

Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined
Materials for Concrete and High Strength Mortar.

AASHTO M 157-

Ready-Mixed Concrete.

AASHTO T

24M/T 24-2007

Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of
Concrete.

AASHTO T 141-

2005

Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete.

AASHTO T

309M/10

Temperature of Freshly Mixed Hydraulic Cement
Concrete.

AASHTO T 152-

Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure
Method

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AASHTO

Designation

ASTM

Designation

Title

AASHTO R 18-

Establishing and Implementing a Quality Management
System for Construction Materials Testing Laboratories.

AASHTO T 23-

Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field.

ASTM C171 -

Standard Specification for Sheet Materials for Curing
Concrete.

ASTM C309 /

Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane Forming
Compounds for Curing Concrete.

ASTM C156

–

Standard Test Method for Water Loss [from a Mortar
Specimen] Through Liquid Membrane Forming Curing
Compounds for Concrete.

AASHTO M 182-

Burlap Cloth Made from Jute or Kenaf and Cotton Mats.

AASHTO M 220

-1984

Preformed Polychloroprene Elastomeric Joint Seals for
Concrete Pavements.

ASTM D2628 -

91(2011)

Standard Specification for Preformed Polychloroprene
Elastomeric Joint Seals for Concrete Pavements

ASTM D4070 -

2008

Standard Specification for Adhesive Lubricant for
Installation of Preformed Elastomeric Bridge Compression
Seals in Concrete Structures.

AASHTO M 33-

Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete
(Bituminous Type).

ASTM D1751 -

04-08

Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint
Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction
(Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous Types).

AASHTO M 153-

Preformed Sponge Rubber and Cork Expansion Joint
Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction.

AASHTO M 213-

Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving
and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient
Bituminous Types).

ASTM D1056 -

Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials

—

Sponge or Expanded Rubber.

ASTM D5249 -

Standard Specification for Backer Material for Use with
Cold- and Hot-Applied Joint Sealants in Portland-Cement
Concrete and Asphalt Joints.

ASTM C920 -

Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants.

ASTM D6690-

Standard Specification for Joint and Crack Sealants, Hot
Applied, for Concrete and Asphalt Pavements.

ASTM D5329 -

Standard Test Methods for Sealants and Fillers, Hot-
Applied, for Joints and Cracks in Asphaltic and Portland
Cement Concrete Pavements

AASHTO M 148-

Liquid Membrane forming compounds for curing concrete

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AASHTO

Designation

ASTM

Designation

Title

ASTM D5167

- 10

Standard Practice for Melting of Hot-Applied Joint and
Crack Sealant and Filler for Evaluation.

ASTM C805 /

C805M - 08.

Standard Test Method for Rebound Number of Hardened
Concrete.

ASTM E329 -

13b

Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in
Construction Inspection, Testing, or Special Inspection

ASTM C33 /

C33M - 13

Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates

ASTM C1602 /

C1602M - 12

Standard Specification for Mixing Water Used in the
Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete

ASTM C1585 -

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Rate of
Absorption of Water by Hydraulic-Cement Concretes

ASTM C1017 /

C1017M - 07

Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use
in Producing Flowing Concrete

ASTM C989 /

C989M - 12a

Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in
Concrete and Mortars

ASTM C1240 -

Standard Specification for Silica Fume Used in
Cementitious Mixtures

ASTM C1116 /

C1116M - 10a

Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete

ASTM C1579 -

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Plastic Shrinkage
Cracking of Restrained Fiber Reinforced Concrete (Using
a Steel Form Insert)

ASTM C1609 /

C1609M - 12

Standard Test Method for Flexural Performance of Fiber-
Reinforced Concrete (Using Beam With Third-Point
Loading)

ASTM C1550 -

12a

Standard Test Method for Flexural Toughness of Fiber
Reinforced Concrete (Using Centrally Loaded Round
Panel)

ASTM A820 /

A820M - 11

Standard Specification for Steel Fibers for Fiber-
Reinforced Concrete

ASTM C1611 /

C1611M -

09be1

Standard Test Method for Slump Flow of Self-
Consolidating Concrete

ASTM C1621 /

C1621M - 09b

Standard Test Method for Passing Ability of Self-
Consolidating Concrete by J-Ring

ASTM C1610 /

C1610M - 10

Standard Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-
Consolidating Concrete Using Column Technique

ASTM C94 /

C94M - 13a

Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete

ASTM C70 -

Standard Test Method for Surface Moisture in Fine
Aggregate

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