Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS (PART 1 - ROADS, Second Edition 2020)

/lux

Visibility of the road markings is reduced in wet conditions.

e. Drying Time

Thermoplastic material shall set to bear traffic in not more than 10 minutes when the air temperature
is 32 ± 2º C and when the application temperature is within the range of the melting temperature of
the road marking compound and up to +5

C. The manufacturer

’s recommendations shall be applied

as approved by the Engineer. when the application temperature is within the range

Setting / hardening time is 10 minutes at a surface temperature of 20

C and a light breeze.

f. Material Sampling and Testing for Acceptance

Sampling and testing shall be performed per AASHTO T 250 or EN 1871 or any other equivalent
standard approved by the Engineer or the Owner. Minimum size batch of thermoplastic traffic striping
material sampled and tested shall not be less than 1080 kg unless the total order is less than this
amount. Acceptance shall be evaluated per the criteria established in AASHTO M 249 or any
equivalent standard for:

1. Binder content

2. Glass bead content

3. Glass bead content, grading & roundness

4. Reflectance & yellowness index

5. Colour & luminance

6. Titanium dioxide

7. Lead chromate

8. Flowability (percent residue)

9. Low temperature stress resistance

10. Bond strength

11. Impact resistance

12. Softening point

13. Specific gravity

14. Heat Stability

15. Ultraviolet light and condensate exposure

16. Hardness

17. Flash point

8.2.2.6

Cold Applied Plastics

Cold plastic is a double component road marking material. Unlike thermoplastic material, no
application heat is required (it is a catalytic reaction process). The material is excellent for countries
with low temperatures. Due to the hot climate in this vicinity, the use of this material may not be cost
effective. However, the cost factor has to be appropriately decided based on the intent of the usage
and approved by the Engineer/ Owner.

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Type M1

3.8 litres MMA and 90 millilitres of benzoyl peroxide powder

Type M2, M3, M4,
M5

Four parts MMA and one part liquid benzoyl peroxide.

Elongation - ASTM D638

20 % minimum

Hardness

– ASTM D2240

(Shore Durometer Type D)

55 minimum after 24 hours

No Track Time

– ASTM

D711, modified as follows:

15 minutes at 40 mils.

Reflectance

– ASTM D6359 Newly applied pavement markings shall have a minimum initial

coefficient of retroreflective luminance of 250 mcd/m

/lux for white

and 175 mcd/m

/lux for yellow in accordance with ASTM D6359

when measured with a 30-metre retroreflectometer. Compliance
shall be measured with a Delta LTL-X retroreflectometer.

Skid Resistance

– ASTM

E303

45 BPN units minimum

Tensile Strength

– ASTM

D638

0.088 kg/mm

minimum at break

Viscosity

– ASTM D2196

Method B, LV Model at 50
rpm.

Type M1

11,000 to 15,000 cps, spindle #7

Type M2

26,000 to 28,000 cps, spindle #7

Type M3

17,000 to 21,000 cps, spindle #7

Type M4

8,000 to 10,000 cps, spindle # 4

Type M5 White

5,000 to 8,000 cps, spindle #4

Type M5 Yellow

7,000 to 11,000 cps, spindle #4

Ultraviolet Light

No effect

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or more. Medium oil soya modified alkyd resin. Primary solvent is VM and P Naphtha.

2. Type N Traffic Paint

—Paint with immediate drying properties for use in areas where drying

is acceptable for 15 to 30 minutes. Medium oil soya-modified pentaerythritol alkyd resin;
chlorinated rubber, 4 to 1. Primary solvent is toluene.

3. Type F Traffic Paint

—Paint for use where faster drying time is required, typically 3 to 6

minutes if heated to 51.5 ±2.5ºC in the applicator. Medium oil soya/linseed alkyd resin;
chlorinated rubber; chlorinated paraffin; 1.03 to 1.30 to 1.00. Primary solvent is MEK.

Road-marking paint shall be Type F. Types N and S may be used to paint kerbs. Alkyd resin paint
for road markings shall not be thinned. For kerb marking, thinning with manufacturer recommended
product shall be allowed up to 3 % or the manufacturer’s recommended minimum, whichever is
lesser.

Alkyd resin paints may be reflectorized for night visibility by adding glass beads immediately after
application of the alkyd resin material.

Red and black alkyd resin paint shall be non-reflectorized road marking paint based on alkyd resin
and chlorinated rubber blended with rich pigments and low VOC contents.

a. Composition of Alkyd Resin Paint Markings

Composition of alkyd resin markings (paint) shall be as stated in AASHTO M 248.

Inert or filler pigments shall be first quality paint grade products.

Paint drawdowns shall be performed per ASTM D823. Alkyd resin paint shall be low VOC solvent
based paint that meets the following requirements for white (W), yellow (Y), red (R), or black (B)
paint as applicable:

Table 8-7: Alkyd resin paint characteristics

Standard

Criteria

W/Y

R/B

Bleeding over asphalt
ASTM D969, modified
as follows:

Reflectance measurement of the alkyd resin paint over
asphalt paper shall be at least 90 % of the reflectance
measurement of the material over a taped (non-
bleeding) surface.



Chromium content
ASTM D3718

< 50 ppm



Directional reflectance
ASTM E1347

White paint shall have a minimum reflectance of 80 %.



Density
ASTM D1475, at 21

1.5 kg/litre minimum



Flexibility
ASTM D522

Alkyd resin shall be applied at a wet film thickness of
0.15 mm to a 75x125 mm panel that has been solvent
cleaned and lightly buffed with steel wool. With the
panel kept in a horizontal position, the paint shall be
allowed to dry for 18 hours at 24 ± 2.8

C then baked

for 3 hours at 60 ± 2.2

C. Panel shall be cooled to 24

± 2.8

C for at least 30 minutes, bent over a 0.25-inch

mandrel and then examined without magnification.



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

Lead content
ASTM D3335

0.06 % maximum



Nonvolatile content
ASTM D2369

65 % minimum



Package stability
ASTM D1849

6 rating minimum for all criteria



Pigment content
ASTM D2371

53 % maximum



Retroreflectance
ASTM D6359

Newly applied pavement markings shall have a
minimum initial coefficient of retroreflective luminance
of 250 mcd/m

/lux for white and 175 mcd/m

/lux for

yellow in accordance with ASTM D 6359 when
measured with a 30-metre retroreflectometer. Measure
retroreflectivity for compliance with a Delta LTL-X
retroreflectometer.



Skinning

Alkyd resin shall not skin within 48 hours in a ¾ filled
tightly closed container.



Settling properties
during storage
ASTM D1309

Sample shall show no more than 12.7 mm of clear
material over the opaque portion of the paint and there
shall be no settling below a rating of seven.



Titanium dioxide (rutile
type II)
ASTM D476

White

– 0.12 kg/litre minimum. (ASTM D4563)

Yellow

– 0.02 kg/litre maximum. (ASTM D4563)



Viscosity
ASTM D562

105 Krebs units maximum at 10

75-85 Krebs units at 21

65 Krebs units minimum at 49



Volatile Organic
Compound Content

0.15 kg/litre maximum



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Titanium dioxide (TiO

), ASTM D 476, types II and III 18 % min.

Epoxy resin

75 to 82 %

Yellow

Chrome yellow (PbCrO

), ASTM D126, type III

23 % min

Epoxy resin

70 to 77 %

Non-lead
yellow

Titanium dioxide (TiO

), ASTM D476, types II and III 14 % min

Organic yellow

7 to 8 %

Epoxy resin

75 to 79 %

Epoxy content. Component A.

Mass per epoxy equivalent, ASTM D1652

Manufacturer's target
value ±50

Amine value. Component B.

ASTM D2074

Manufacturer's target
value ±50

Toxicity

Toxic or injurious fumes at application temperature

none

Directional reflectance (without glass beads)

White

ASTM E1347

84 % relative to
magnesium oxide
standard

Yellow

ASTM E1347

55 % relative to
magnesium oxide
standard

Drying time. 0.38-millimetre film thickness with beads.

Laboratory
at 22 º C

ASTM D711 to no-pick-up condition

30 minutes maximum

Field at 25
º C

Viewed from 15 m to no-tracking condition

10 minutes maximum

Abrasion
resistance:

Wear index with a CS-17 wheel under a 1000 g load
for 1000 cycles, ASTM D4060

82 max

Hardness

Shore D hardness with 72- to 96-hour cure at 22 º C,
ASTM D2240

75 to 100

Storage

Individual epoxy components shall not require
mixing before use.

When stored for up to
12 months

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ASTM E1347

80 % relative to magnesium oxide
standard

Yellow

ASTM E1347

55 % relative to magnesium oxide
standard

Viscosity

Uncatalyzed polyester at -4º C,
ASTM D562

70 to 90 Krebs units

Bleeding

ASTM D969

6 minimum

Field drying
time

Viewed from 15 m to no-tracking
condition

45 minutes maximum

Colour shall be white or yellow or as shown on the Contract plans.

8.2.2.10

Preformed Plastic (Tape and Symbols) Types 1 and 2

Preformed plastic tape and symbols shall be a high durability retro-reflective pliant polymer film for
preformed striping and markings to be used for permanent pavement markings.

Colour shall be white or yellow or as shown on the Contract plans or as directed by the Engineer.

It should be a durable retro-reflective marking material suitable for roadway, intersection, commercial
or private pavement delineation and markings. The markings shall be resilient thermoplastic product
with uniformly distributed glass beads throughout the entire cross section area.

The markings shall be resistant to detrimental effects of motor fuels etc. The lines, legends, symbols
are to be capable of affixing to bituminous or cement concrete pavements.

The manufacturer shall be ISO 9001 certified or equivalent as approved by the Owner and provide
proof of current certification.

Preformed plastic tape and symbols material is identified by the following designations:

Type 1: On bituminous surfaces, Type 1 preformed pavement marking tape and symbols shall
be capable of being installed onto wearing surfaces during the final roller operation. Application
on concrete surfaces shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s application
recommendations. After application, the tape shall be immediately ready to receive traffic.

Tape and symbols shall consist of a mixture of polymeric material, pigments and glass beads
distributed throughout the cross-sectional area, with a reflective layer of glass beads embedded
in the top surface. Material shall be sufficiently flexible to conform to the roadway without
cracking or breaking. A patterned surface will be allowable; however the tape and symbols,
without adhesive, shall have a minimum thickness of 1.5 mm over at least 50 %

of the tape’s

surface. The edges of the tape/symbols shall not be tapered.

Tape/symbols shall be supplied with a pre-coated factory-applied adhesive for immediate
application to bituminous pavement without the use of heat, solvent or other adhesive
operations. Tape/symbols and adhesive shall be of a type that water used on the compaction
roller will not be detrimental to successful application. On concrete surfaces, application shall
be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Type 2: Type 2 preformed pavement marking tape/symbols shall consist of a mixture of
polymeric material and pigments with beads distributed throughout the cross-sectional area and
with a reflective layer of ceramic beads embedded in the embossed, patterned surface.

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2. Yellow

– 175 mill candelas/metre

/lux

a. Composition

Preformed plastic pavement marking material shall consist of the following components:

Table 8-10: Composition of preformed plastic materials types 1 and 2

Material

Minimum percent by weight/quantity

Resins and plasticizers

Pigments (as per EN 1790)-white and Yellow

Reflective glass beads (premix)

Other fillers

30 (maximum)

Surface beads (factory applied)

300g/m

The material shall be supplied at thickness of 2.8 (-0.3+0.4) mm. The material shall be resistant to
deterioration due to exposure to sunlight, water, salt or any adverse weather conditions and resistant
to oil and gasoline.

b. Packing

The preformed thermoplastic material shall be placed in protective cardboard boxes and shall
contain no plastic in between the sheets/layers. Liner materials shall be cut into a maximum of 100cm
long pieces. Legends and symbols also supplied in flat pieces. The cartons size shall not exceed
110x70cm and the weight of the individual carton must not exceed 20 kg.

c. Material Sampling and Testing for Acceptance

Preformed plastic marking materials Type 1 and 2 shall meet the requirements of Table

8-11

Table 8-11 Preformed plastic tape testing and acceptance criteria

Test

Procedure

Criteria for Acceptance

Bend test

Temperature: 25° C to 28° C

Specimen: 75 mm by 150 mm unmounted piece of
material (without adhesive and paper backing)

Bend specimen over a 25 mm mandrel until the end
faces are parallel and 25 mm apart.

No visible fracture lines in the
uppermost surface.

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Elongation no greater than 75
%.

Abrasion
resistance
test

Abrade the plastic film according to Federal Test
Method Standard No. 141,

Method 6192, using H-

18 calibrase wheels with a 1000 g load on each
wheel.

Maximum loss in weight of
0.25 g in 500 revolutions

8.2.2.11

Acrylic Paint

A quick drying paint based on acrylic or modified acrylic resin especially formulated for application
in the harsh UAE environment with high durability and excellent adhesion to concrete. The acrylic
paint shall be a non-yellowing, UV-resistant material with excellent gloss and colour retention
properties. The minimum requirements for paint are given below:

•

Solids by volume:

minimum 37%

•

Specific gravity:

minimum 1.2

•

Highly UV resistant against fading and peeling.

8.2.2.12

Glass Beads

This  specification  covers  glass  beads  to  be  dropped  or  sprayed  upon  pavement  markings,  or
intermixed  with  pavement  marking  material,  so  as  to  produce  a  reflectorized  pavement  marking.
Glass beads shall be transparent, clean, colourless glass, smooth and spherically shaped, free from
milkiness, pits, or excessive air bubbles. Glass beads shall be dry and free of lumps and clusters.
Glass beads that show a tendency toward decomposition, including surface etching, when exposed
to atmospheric conditions, moisture, dilute acids or alkalis will be rejected.

Glass beads shall conform to AASHTO M 247 or any equivalent standard approved by the Owner.

Pre-mix glass beads: The thermoplastic material shall contain thirty percent (30%) glass beads by
weight. The premix shall conform to the above standard or equivalent as approved by the Owner.

Drop-on glass beads: The drop on glass beads shall be within the range of 400 to 500 g/m

. It is

recommended that adding a minimum of 10% high performance glass beads by weight to the
traditional glass beads to produce good performance on the retro-reflectivity. The Coefficient of
Retroreflected Luminance (RL) of newly applied road marking should be >250 mcd/m2/lux.

a. Packaging and Marking

Glass beads shall be packaged in moisture-proofed bags guaranteed to furnish dry and undamaged
beads.

b. Sampling and Testing

Acceptance shall be evaluated per the test methods and criteria for acceptance identified in AASHTO
M247

or any other equivalent standard approved by the Owner for the following parameters:

1. Gradation

2. Roundness

3. Refractive index

4. Coatings: flotation, flow, moisture resistance and adherence

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Type 2

0.850

100

---

0.600

– 95

100

0.425

---

90 - 100

0.300

– 35

50 - 75

0.180

---

0 - 5

0.150

–5

---

Table 8-13 Gradation of glass beads

Sieve Designation

Mass % Passing

Type 4

Type 5

2.35

100

2.00

100

95-100

1.70

95-100

80-95

1.40

80-95

10-40

1.18

10-40

0-5

1.0

0-5

0-2

0.850

0-2

8.2.3

Construction Requirements

8.2.3.1

Preparation of Roadway Surfaces

New and existing pavement shall be dry, clean, and free of contaminants such as surface oils or
curing agents or any material which will be detrimental to the bond between the marking and the
surface. Clean pavement is essential for a good bond to pavement marking material.

Contaminants and existing pavement markings shall be removed from surfaces where the pavement
marking is to be applied by approved mechanical means: watering, brooming or compressed air if
required. Contractor shall avoid damaging the pavement surface.

Contaminants up to 1.6 mm

may remain if they are not removed by the following test, performed

just before application of markings:

1. Air-blast the surface to be tested

2. Firmly press a 250 mm, 50 mm wide strip of monofilament tape onto the surface, leaving

approximately 50 mm free

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Positions and outlines of special markings shall be produced on the finished road in chalk. Approved
templates may be used on condition that the positioning of the marking is approved by the Engineer
before painting is commenced.

Any additional work necessary to establish satisfactory lines for stripes and all layout work required
for pavement markings shall be performed by the Contractor at the Contractor

’s expense. Material

used for spotting shall be the same colour as the permanent marking.

Preliminary spotting for lines shall be established with painted marks, cat tracks or dribble lines, the
use of laser guidance devices or by a combination of these techniques. Preliminary spotting shall be
provided at a spacing of 60 m maximum on tangents and 15 m maximum on curves.

Cat tracking shall consist of stretching a rope on a straight line between control points on tangent
alignment and on a true arc through control points on curved alignment and placing spots of paint
along the rope. The spots shall be not more than 50 mm in width and not more than 1.5 m apart on
curves nor more than 3 m apart on tangents.

Dribble lines shall consist of marking the pavement with a thin line of paint using a striping machine
or other suitable device. Dribble lines shall be on a straight line between control points on tangent
alignment and on a true arc through control points on curved alignment.

Laser guidance equipment shall be capable of maintaining the alignment of traffic stripes with an
accuracy equivalent to, or better than, that obtainable through use of cat tracking or dribble lines, as
determined by the Engineer.

8.2.3.3

Marking Application

Pavement markings shall be installed as shown on the Contract plans and as approved by the
Engineer.

Rate of application shall be checked and adjusted until pavement marking dimensions are within
tolerances as stated in these Specifications before application on a large scale is commenced.

Double lines shall be applied simultaneously by the same machine.

Centre lines on two-lane highways with broken line patterns shall be applied in the increasing
kilometer post or stationing direction to be in cycle with existing broken line patterns at the beginning
of the project. Broken line patterns applied to multi-lane or divided roadways shall be applied in cycle
in the direction of travel.

When 2 or more spray applications are required to meet thickness requirements, top dressing with
glass beads is only allowed on the last application. Successive applications shall be applied squarely
on top of the preceding application and in the opposite direction as the first application direction.

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Tips

Debonding

▪

Unclean road surface

▪

Low temperatures

▪

Moisture in pavement

▪

Defective material

▪

Marking speed too fast

Bubbles in line

▪

Moisture in pavement

▪

Overheated material

Flowing Line (i.e., no defined
edge), line with excessive edges

▪

Material too hot

Cracks in line

▪

Temperature stress from overheating

▪

Low temperatures

▪

Material applied too thin

Rough line surface or crumbly
edges

▪

Material temperature too low

▪

Material has been scorched

▪

Moisture in pavement

Smooth shiny, glossy line

▪

No or insufficient glass beads or beads too deeply
embedded

Smooth line with slight dimples

▪

Glass beads too low

▪

Bead gun too close to application shoe

Cratered line

▪

Glass beads have popped out

▪

Material is too cool or bead gun located too far back

Greenish yellow appearance

▪

Material has been scorched

▪

Material reheated too many times or inadequate

cleaning of application pots

Splattering

▪

Material too hot or too cold

Dingy or dull white colour

▪

Material has been scorched

▪

Material reheated too many times or inadequate

cleaning of application pots

▪

Yellow thermoplastic not completely removed before

white was added to the application pots

Lumps in line

▪

Material is either overheated or under heated

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Equipment utilized shall form an extruded line which shall be uniform in shape having clear and
sharp dimensions.

Pavement marking traffic control shall be done in accordance with the applicable provisions of the
MUTCD for work zone traffic safety management. In addition, pavement marking machines shall
have clearly visible amber warning flashing lights which shall always be in operation when the
machine is on the road.

b. Marking of Kerbs, Noses, and Kerb Cuts

Kerbs, noses, and kerb cuts shall be painted as indicated on the Contract plans as per the nature of
the parking zone as follows:

i. Alternating colours of turquoise and gray shall be used to indicate a Mawaqif pay parking

zone.

ii. Alternating colours of turquoise and white shall be used to indicate a premium Mawaqif pay

parking zone, typically next to a major building entrance.

iii. Either unpainted kerbs or gray kerbs may be used within zones indicating that parking is

allowed.

iv. Solid yellow shall be used to indicate a loading zone.

v. Alternating colours of gray and yellow shall be used to indicate a no parking zone as well as

the edges of kerbs and channelization islands. Yellow shall be provided on the nose of any
channelization island, including barriers that protect the front of the island and any signal
poles or other devices located behind the nose of the island.

vi. Solid red shall be used to indicate the presence of fire hydrants along roads.

Length of each band shall be 1.20 m (or two precast kerb stones) and shall be painted on the
exposed kerb surfaces after kerb and pavement are in place or as approved by the Engineer.

Areas adjacent to fire hydrants shall be painted solid with red non-reflectorized paint.

Kerb marking may be accomplished by applying non-reflectorized epoxy or alkyd resin paint with a
roller, brush or spray.

c. Application of Glass Beads

Where reflective pavement markings are required, glass beads shall be applied at a uniform rate, in
one continuous operation, by a bead dispenser immediately following the pavement marking material

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Time between applications will vary depending on the type of pavement per the following table. The
manufacturer’s recommendations shall be applied as approved by the Engineer.

Table 8-15: Alkyd resin time between successive applications

Pavement Type

Time Period

Bituminous surface treatment

40 min. min.,

48 hrs. max.

Hot mix asphalt pavement

40 min. min.,

30-days max.

Cement concrete pavement

40 min. min.,

30-days max.

Alkyd resin paint for road markings shall not be thinned.

For kerb marking, thinning with manufacturer recommended product shall be allowed up to 3 % or
the manufacturer’s recommended minimum, whichever is lesser.

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2. Equipment

The Contractor shall meet the general requirements of Sub-article (a) of Article 8.2.3.3. In
addition:

1. Motorized airless striping machine shall be used for road marking applications.

2. For nonlinear applications and kerb marking, material may be brushed or rolled onto

concrete surface.

3. Application Thickness

For reflectorized markings, glass beads shall be applied immediately after the pavement
mark

ing material has been applied and as per the approved manufacturer’s recommendation

including the thickness.

Table 8-16: Minimum thickness, application rates for alkyd resin and glass beads

Minimum Thickness

Application Rate

Alkyd resin

– first coat

0.25 mm

4.0 m

per liter max.

Alkyd resin

– second coat

0.38 mm

2.6 m

per liter max.

Type 1 glass beads

0.38 mm

0.85 kg/litre of paint min.

f. Application of Thermoplastic

Thermoplastic material shall be applied by spraying, screed extrusion, or ribbon extrusion, as shown
in the Contract plans or as directed by the Engineer, at temperatures of 211 ±7º C from approved
equipment to produce a continuous and uniform in shape line having clear and sharp dimensions,
particularly when extruded.

Contractor

shall utilize the material manufacturer’s recommended procedure for the application. A

manufacturer’s technical representative shall be present at the initial installation of plastic material
to supervise the installation procedure, if required by the Engineer.

1. Preparation of Roadway Surface

The contractor shall meet the general requirements of Article 8.2.3.1. In addition:

i. Pavement surface temperature shall not exceed 82

C. Requirement may be superseded

manufacturer’s written installation instructions.

ii. Pavement shall be free from existing pavement marking materials. The Contractor shall

conform to the requirements of Article 8.2.3.7 for removal methods.

iii. Thermoplastic test for pavement dryness: place a sample of thermoplastic pavement

marking material on a piece of tarpaper placed on the pavement. Allow material to cool to
ambient temperature. Pavement is dry if there is no condensation on the underside of the
tarpaper in contact with the pavement.

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iii. Hand applicator equipment shall be sufficiently maneuverable to install curves and straight

lines, both longitudinally and transversely.

iv. Application equipment shall be so constructed as to assure continuous uniformity in the

dimensions of the stripe. The applicator shall provide a means for cleanly cutting off square
stripe ends and shall provide a method of applying skip lines.

v. Equipment shall be constructed so as to provide varying widths of traffic markings.

vi. Application equipment shall be capable of following straight lines and normal curves in a

true arc.

vii. Bead dispenser shall utilize pressure type spray guns which will embed the beads into the

stripe surface to at least 1/2 the bead diameter. Bead dispenser shall be equipped with an
automatic cut-off synchronized with the cut-off of the thermoplastic material.

viii. Equipment used to install hot applied thermoplastic material shall be provide continuous

uniform heating to temperatures exceeding 204° C while mixing and agitating the material.
Conveying portion of the equipment, between the main material reservoir and the line
dispensing device, shall be configured to prevent accumulation and clogging.

ix. All parts of the equipment which will come in contact with the material shall be constructed

for easy accessibility for cleaning and maintenance. Equipment shall operate so that all
mixing and conveying parts including the line dispensing device, maintain the material at
211 ±7º C. Use of pans, aprons or similar appliances which the dispenser overruns will not
be permitted.

x. A special kettle shall be provided for uniformly melting and heating the thermoplastic

material.  The  kettle  must  be  equipped  with  an  automatic  thermostat  control  device  and
material  thermometer  for  positive  temperature  control  to  prevent  overheating  or  under
heating of the material.

xi. If screed or extrusion application or thermoplastic is allowed by the Engineer for short

applications, the screed/extrusion application method shall be utilized wherein one side of
the shaping die is the pavement and the other three sides are contained by equipment
suitable for heating or controlling the flow of material.

3. Application

Primer

Use the thermoplastic

manufacturer’s recommended primer on:

1. Portland cement concrete pavement

2. Asphalt surfaces that are more than two years old, oxidized and/or have aggregate

exposed

Primer shall be applied to all pavement surfaces at manufacturer’s recommended application
rates. It must set for the specified cure or evaporation time prior to thermoplastic being
applied.

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C. Material temperature shall be measured at the point of road contact. Material

temperature for application on Portland cement concrete shall not be less than 218

The top surface of the material shall have regularly spaced heat indicators to ensure that the
material has reached the molten state and to the required criteria for application.

Glass Beads

Drop-on glass beads must be immediately mechanically deposited after applying the
thermoplastic line. If the glass beads are not adhering to the thermoplastic line, all operations
shall immediately be suspended until the problem can be corrected. Drop-on beads anchor
and reflect best at 50-60 % embedment and this depth of embedment should generally be
achieved (confirmed by visual inspection), unless otherwise approved by the Engineer or the
Owner.

Types and Thickness

Thermoplastic marking types are defined by application procedures as shown in Table 8-17
and/or

as recommended by the manufacturer’s specification and approved by the Owner.

Pavement markings shall be installed at the following base line thicknesses measured above
the pavement surface or above the groove bottom for grooved markings

Table 8-17: Minimum thickness for thermoplastic pavement markings

Type

Use

Method

Minimum base line thickness (mm)

On HMA/ PCC

(mm)

On BST (mm)

T1 or T2

Flat/transverse &
symbols

Extruded

3.2

T1 or T2

Flat/long line &
symbols

Spray

2.3

3.0

T1 or T2

With profiles

Extruded

2.3

3.0

T1 or T2

Embossed

Extruded

4.1

T1 or T2

Embossed with
profiles

Extruded

4.1

HAPTER

RAFFIC

ARKINGS AND

IGNS

Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. STANDARD CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS (PART 1 - ROADS, Second Edition 2020) - page 33