Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction 2020 (M 41-10) - page 88

Illumination, Signal, Electrical 

9-29

9-29.1(2)A 

Expansion Fittings, Deflection Fittings, and Combination 

Expansion/Deflection Fittings

Expansion fittings for rigid galvanized steel conduit shall be weather tight, with hot-dip 
galvanized malleable or ductile iron end couplings and body and shall allow for 4 inches 
of movement minimum (2 inches in each direction). Expansion fittings for rigid galvanized 
steel conduit shall have an external tinned copper bonding jumper or an internal tinned 
copper bonding jumper. The internal tinned copper bonding jumper shall not reduce the 
conduit conductor capacity.

Deflection fittings for rigid galvanized steel conduit shall be weather tight, with hot-dip 
galvanized ductile iron or bronze end couplings, with molded neoprene sleeve, stainless 
steel bands, and internal tinned copper bonding jumper. Deflection fittings shall provide 
for conduit movement of ¾ inch in all directions and angular movement of 30 degrees in 
any direction. 

A combination of a deflection and an expansion fitting for rigid galvanized steel conduit 
shall be assembled from a deflection fitting and an expansion fitting as defined above.

The bonding jumper used for expansion fittings and combination expansion deflection 
fittings shall be a tinned copper braid attached to the conduit with a galvanized “U” bolt-
type connection designed for the application.

9-29.1(3)  Flexible Metal Conduit

Liquidtight flexible metal conduit shall consist of a single strip of continuous flexible 
interlocked steel galvanized inside and out, forming a smooth internal wiring channel with 
a liquid tight covering of sunlight-resistant flexible PVC conforming to NEC Article 350. 

9-29.1(3)A 

Flexible Metal Conduit Appurtenances

Liquidtight connectors shall be the insulated throat type, conforming to NEC Article 350, 
and listed for wet locations.

9-29.1(4)  Non-Metallic Conduit

9-29.1(4)A 

Rigid PVC Conduit

Rigid PVC conduit shall conform to NEMA TC 2 and UL 651. Fittings shall conform to 
NEMA TC-3, and be UL 514C and UL 651.

PVC solvent cement shall meet ASTM D2564, including note 8 (label to show pipe sizes 
for which the cement is recommended).

9-29.1(4)B 

Expansion Fittings

Expansion fittings for use with PVC shall allow for 4 inches of movement minimum 
(2 inches in each direction). Expansion fittings for PVC conduit shall be PVC and have 
a threaded terminal adaptor or coupling end, and shall meet the requirements listed in 

Section 9-29.1(4)A

.

Page 9-188 

Illumination, Signal, Electrical

9-29.1(4)C 

HDPE Conduit

HDPE conduit shall be listed by a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory recognized by 
the United States Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s 
Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL) Program. Couplings for HDPE shall be 
mechanical and listed for use with HDPE.

Aluminum mechanical couplings are prohibited.

9-29.1(4)D 

Deflection Fittings

Deflection Fittings for use with rigid PVC conduit shall be as described in 

Section 9-29.1(2)A

.

9-29.1(5)  Innerduct and Outerduct

The innerduct system shall be factory-installed and shall be designed so that expansion 
and contraction of the innerducts takes place in the coupling body to eliminate 
compatibility problems. The conduit coupling body shall have a factory-assembled 
gasket that is multistage and antireversing, sealing both the outerduct and innerducts. 
A secondary midbody O-ring gasket shall be seated into the coupling body and shall hold 
the coupling body firmly in the outerduct.

All fittings, adapters, and bends (sweeps) shall be provided and shall be manufactured 
from the same materials and manufacturing process as the conduit, except as specified 
otherwise. The conduit system shall be a complete system with the following accessories:
Manhole Terminator Kits
Deflection Fittings
Offset Fittings
Expansion/Contraction Fittings
Repair Kits

Conduit and Innerduct Plugs
Pull string
Pull rope
Conduit spacers
Split Plugs

9-29.1(5)A 

Rigid Galvanized Steel Outerduct With PVC or PE Innerduct

Each section of steel outerduct shall be supplied with one reversing spin coupling that 
allows straight sections and fittings to be joined without spinning the conduit. The 
reversing coupling shall be galvanized and have three setscrews or a lock nut ring to lock 
the coupling in place. Setscrews or lock nut ring shall be galvanized or stainless steel and 
ensure continuous electrical ground. The couplings shall be galvanized steel with the 
same material properties as the conduit.

The conduit system shall be designed so that assembly of components can be 
accomplished in the following steps:
1.  Loosen setscrews or lock nut ring on coupling and spin back to allow for insertion.
2.  Spin coupling mating sections forward to bottom.
3.  Tighten setscrews on lock nut ring.

Illumination, Signal, Electrical 

9-29

9-29.1(5)B 

Rigid PVC Outerduct With PVC or PE Innerduct

Protective outerduct for Schedule 40 PVC and Schedule 80 PVC conduit outerduct 
shall be 4 inch with a minimum 5-inch extended integral “bell end” and shall be gray in 
color. The outerduct minimum wall thickness shall be 0.23 inch for Schedule 40 PVC and 
0.32 inch for Schedule 80 PVC.

Conduit and fittings for PVC outerduct shall be manufactured with an ultraviolet inhibitor.

The coupling body for PVC outerduct shall include a factory-assembled, multistage gasket 
that is antireversing, sealing both the outer and innerducts. A secondary midbody gasket 
shall be seated at the shoulder of the bell to ensure air and water integrity of the system. 
The bell end and the coupling body assembly shall accept a minimum of 5 inches of the 
spigot end.

The conduit system shall be designed so that straight sections and fittings will assemble 
without the need for lubricants or cement.

PVC outerduct shall have a longitudinal print-line that denotes “Install This Side Up” 
for proper innerduct alignment. PVC outerducts shall have a circumferential ring on the 
spigot end of the duct to provide a reference point for ensuring the proper insertion 
depth when connecting conduit ends. The line shall be a minimum of 5 inches from the 
end of the conduit.

9-29.1(5)C 

Innerduct for Straight Sections of Galvanized Steel Outerduct or 

PVC Outerduct

The innerducts shall have a minimum outside diameter of 1.25 inch and a minimum inside 
diameter of 1.2 inch. Larger-diameter innerducts may be provided if the wall thickness 
and diameter tolerances are met. The tolerance for inside and outside diameters shall be 
0.005 inch. The innerducts shall have a minimum wall thickness of 0.060 inch. Innerduct 
shall be color coded and shall index a minimum of one innerduct with a different color. 
Alternate color codes are permitted as long as the color codes are contiguous between 
adjacent junction boxes. The innerducts shall be factory installed in the outerduct.

Dynamic coefficient of friction of innerducts shall be tested in accordance with Telcordia 
GR-356-CORE procedure. The coefficient of friction shall be less than 0.30 between 
medium-density polyethylene jacketed fiber optic cable and the prelubricated innerduct. 
The coefficient of friction shall be less than 0.10 between the ¼-inch diameter 
polypropylene rope (suitable for fiber optic cable pulling) and the prelubricated innerduct. 
Pull rope used for testing (meeting the 0.10 coefficient of friction requirement) shall be 
the same type as the pull rope used for cable installation. The Contractor shall provide as 
part of the conduit submittals a certificate of compliance with these coefficient of friction 
requirements.

The innerduct shall have a smooth, nonribbed interior surface, with a factory 
prelubricated coating. The coating shall provide the required dynamic coefficient 
of friction.

Temporary Traffic Control Materials 

9-35

9-35.12 

Transportable Attenuator

Transportable attenuators are Truck-Mounted Attenuators (TMA) or Trailer-Mounted 
Attenuators (TMA-trailer). The transportable attenuator shall be mounted on, or attached 
to, a host vehicle that complies with the manufacturer’s recommended weight range. 
Ballast used to obtain the minimum weight requirement, or any other object that is 
placed on the vehicle, shall be securely anchored such that it will be retained on the 
vehicle during an impact. The Contractor shall provide certification that the transportable 
attenuator complies with NCHRP 350 Test level 3 or MASH Test Level 3 requirements. 
Lighter host vehicles proposed by the Contractor are subject to the approval of the 
Engineer. The Contractor shall provide the Engineer with roll-ahead distance calculations 
and crash test reports illustrating that the proposed host vehicle is appropriate for the 
attenuator and the site conditions.

The transportable attenuator shall have a chevron pattern on the rear of the unit. The 
standard chevron pattern shall consist of 4-inch yellow stripes, alternating nonreflective 
black and retroreflective yellow sheeting, slanted at 45 degrees in an inverted “V” with 
the “V” at the center of the unit.

9-35.12(1)  Truck-Mounted Attenuator

The TMA may be selected from the approved units listed on the QPL or submitted using a 
RAM.

The TMA shall have an adjustable height so that it can be placed at the correct elevation 
during usage and to a safe height for transporting. If needed, the Contractor shall install 
additional lights to provide fully visible brake lights at all times.

9-35.12(2)  Trailer-Mounted Attenuator

The TMA-trailer may be selected from the approved units listed on the QPL or submitted 
using a RAM.

If needed, the Contractor shall install additional lights to provide fully visible brake lights 
at all times.

9-35.12(3)  Submittal Requirements

For transportable attenuators listed on the QPL, the Contractor shall submit the QPL 
printed page or a QPL Acceptance Code entered on the RAM (WSDOT 

Form 350-071

) for 

the product proposed for use to the Engineer for approval. The Contractor shall submit a 
RAM for transportable attenuators not listed on the QPL.

Page 9-290 

Temporary Traffic Control Materials

9-35.13 

Tall Channelizing Devices

Tall channelizing devices shall meet the requirements of the 

MUTCD

 Part VI for 

channelizing devices and shall conform to these general Specifications:

Fabricated of fade resistant, safety orange color, low-density polyethylene that is resistant 
to deformation upon impact and meets the requirements of ASTM D4976 and is UV 
stabilized.

Forty-two inches in height minimum, using a tapered cone type shape of consistent 
dimensions regardless of orientation to traffic.

Four inches in width minimum at the top and 8 inches in width minimum at the base, 
which incorporates a separate ballast that is designed to resist overturning or other 
movement from wind gusts or other external forces.

Four retroreflective 6-inch-wide horizontal bands, alternating orange and white beginning 
6 inches from the top of the device. Retroreflective bands shall be fabricated from Type III 
or Type IV reflective sheeting as described in 

Section 9-28.12

.

Warning lights are not required unless specifically shown on the traffic control Plan but 
provisions for securely attaching a warning light are required. The method of attachment 
must ensure that the light does not separate from the device upon impact and light units 
shall meet the crashworthiness requirements of NCHRP 350 or MASH as described in 

Section 1-10.2(3)

.

Devices shall be regularly maintained to ensure that they are clean and the reflective 
sheeting is in good condition.

Except for the Specifications and requirements specifically listed above, Tall Channelizing 
Devices are defined to be Traffic Cones. All non-conflicting Contract provisions related to 
“Cones” shall apply to Tall Channelizing Devices.

9-35.14 

Portable Temporary Traffic Control Signal

Portable traffic control signals shall meet the requirements of the 

MUTCD

 and these 

specifications.

The portable temporary traffic control signal shall be fully operational for two-phase 
traffic actuated, pre-timed, or manual control. The portable temporary traffic control 
signal shall conform to the following requirements:

Controllers shall demonstrate conflict-monitoring capability, consistent with the 
requirements of 

Section 9-29.13(2)

 item number 5, with a flashing red display in 

both directions. The portable traffic control signal shall be capable of terminating the 
movement one (1) or movement two (2) all red clearance, in order to repeat the previous 
movements operation. 

Signal head displays shall be either hard wired or controlled by radio signal. Manual 
operation will not require hardwiring or radio control except for the use of two-way radio 
communication by manufacturer trained qualified operators.

Temporary Traffic Control Materials 

9-35

The system shall be equipped with a means of informing the operator of signal 
indications, such as a light on the back of each signal head that illuminates when the 
signal displays a red indication, during manual operation.

A vehicle detection system is required. The system shall be capable of operating either 
as fixed time or traffic actuated controller. The detection system shall provide presence 
detection (continuous call to the controller) while there is a vehicle in the detection zone.

Signal supports used with portable traffic control signals shall provide a minimum of two 
signal displays, spaced a minimum of 8 feet apart. When trailer-mounted portable traffic 
signals are used to provide alternating one-way control, a minimum of one of the signal 
displays shall be suspended over the traveled way. The minimum vertical clearance to 
the traveled way for this signal display is 16.5 feet. Vehicular signal heads shall be of the 
conventional type with standard ITE approved, 12-inch ball LED display. Tunnel visors 
shall be provided for all indications. 

Back plates shall be furnished and attached to the signal heads. Back plates shall be 
constructed of 5-inch-wide .050-inch-thick corrosion resistant louvered aluminum, with 
a flat black finish. A highly retroreflective yellow strip, 1 inch wide, shall be placed around 
the perimeter of the face of all vehicle signal backplates to project a rectangular image at 
night toward oncoming traffic.

Trailers shall have a leveling jack installed at all four corners. The crank for the leveling 
jacks and trailer hitch shall be locked. The signal pole and mast arm assemblies shall be 
of the collapsible type, which can be erected and extended at the job site. The mast 
arm assemblies shall be firmly attached to the trailer to form a stable unit, which can 
withstand an 80 mph design wind speed with a 1.3 gust factor.

The portable temporary traffic control signal shall be powered using a self-contained 
battery system capable of providing over 12 days of continuous operations without solar 
array assistance. A solar panel array will be allowed.

Page 9-292 

Shaft-Related Materials

9-36 

Shaft-Related Materials

9-36.1 

Shaft Casing

9-36.1(1)  Permanent Casing

Permanent casing shall be of steel base metal conforming to ASTM A36, ASTM A252 
Grades 2 or 3, ASTM A572, or ASTM A588.

9-36.1(2)  Temporary Casing

Temporary casing shall be a smooth wall structure of steel base metal, except where 
corrugated metal pipe is shown in the Plans as an acceptable alternative material.

9-36.2 

Shaft Slurry

9-36.2(1)  Mineral Slurry

Mineral slurry shall conform to the following requirements:

Property

Test

Requirement

Density (pcf)

Mud Weight (Density) API 13B-1, Section 1

63 to 75

Viscosity (seconds/quart)

Marsh Funnel and Cup API 13b-1, Section 2.2

26 to 50

PH

Glass Electrode, pH Meter, or pH Paper

8 to 11

Sand Content (percent)

Sand API 13B-1, Section 5

Prior to final cleaning

4.0 max.

Immediately prior to 

placing concrete

4.0 max.

Use of mineral slurry in salt water installations will not be allowed.

Slurry temperature shall be at least 40F when tested.

9-36.2(2)  Synthetic Slurry

Synthetic slurries shall be used in conformance with the manufacturer’s recommendations 
and shall conform to the quality control plan specified in 

Section 6-19.3(2)B,

 item 4. The 

synthetic slurry shall conform to the following requirements:

Property

Test

Requirement

Density (pcf)

Mud Weight (Density) API 13B-1, Section 1

64 max.

Viscosity (seconds/quart)

Marsh Funnel and Cup API 13b-1, Section 2.2

32 to 135

PH

Glass Electrode, pH Meter, or pH Paper

6 to 11.5

Sand Content (percent)

Sand API 13B-1, Section 5

prior to final cleaning

1.0 max.

immediately prior to 

placing concrete

1.0 max.

Shaft-Related Materials 

9-36

If the product is not listed on the Qualified Products List, the Contractor shall submit a 
Request for Approval of Materials Source (RAM) form with the following information:

• 

Test data showing conformance to the properties in the table above, and

• 

Documentation showing that the synthetic slurry (with load-tested additives) has 
been approved by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans).

9-36.2(3)  Water Slurry

Water without site soils may be used as slurry when casing is used for the entire length 
of the drilled hole. Water slurry without full length casing may only be used with the 
approval of the Engineer.

Water slurry shall conform to the following requirements:

Property

Test

Requirement

Density (pcf)

Mud Weight (Density) API 13B-1, Section 1

65 max.

Sand Content (percent)

Sand API 13B-1, Section 5

1.0 max.

Use of water slurry in salt water installations will not be allowed.

Slurry temperature shall be at least 40ºF when tested.

9-36.3 

Steel Reinforcing Bar Centralizers

Steel reinforcing bar centralizers shall be steel, conforming to the details shown in the 
Plans. The Contractor may propose the use of alternative steel reinforcing bar devices as 
part of the shaft installation narrative as specified in 

Section 6-19.3(2)B,

 item 9, subject to 

the Engineer’s review and approval of such devices.

9-36.4 

Access Tubes and Caps

Access tubes for CSL or TIP testing shall be steel pipe of 0.145 inches minimum wall 
thickness and at least 1½ inch inside diameter.

The access tubes shall have a round, regular inside diameter free of defects and 
obstructions, including all pipe joints, in order to permit the free, unobstructed passage 
of 1.3-inch maximum diameter source and receiver probes used for the crosshole sonic 
log tests. The access tubes shall be watertight and free from corrosion, with clean internal 
and external faces to ensure a good bond between the concrete and the access tubes.

The access tubes shall be fitted with watertight threaded PVC caps on the bottom, and 
shall be fitted with watertight PVC caps, secured in position by means as approved by the 
Engineer, on the top.

9-36.5 

Grout for Access Tubes

Grout for filling the access tubes at the completion of the crosshole sonic log tests shall 
be a homogeneous mixture of neat cement grout and potable water, conforming to 

Section 9-20.3(4)

, except that the maximum water/cement ratio shall be 0.45.